Universal hive. Ukrainian hive with their own hands on a high frame

So vuliki vulgaria. Від "єMNNU DONO, GNIPOVII Corps on 12 Ukrainian frames, baptized on 12 Ukrainianskiyikhih pіvorok (215mm), Abo on 9 Dadanovskіkh, Potivochina, Pіdkrishnik, Krisch.

Ukrainian Beehive Lyry It consists of the bottom, which is most often arranged by an integral, housing containing 20 narrow-sided frames, and roofs (drawing).

Manufacturing of the case.

The housing consists of anterior, rear and two side walls with a thickness of 40 mm.

Production of anterior wall.

The front wall is assembled from three boards that have a purity length of 840 mm and a thickness of 40 mm. The width of the bottom board is 145 mm, and the two subsequent 185 mm. After feedback, they are collected in the shield, into the sheet and rail, for this, the tops are selected at the upper edges of the lower and mid-board, 13 mm with 13 mm width. The spool during the selection is somewhat shifted to the inner surface of the board. Rakes are 840 mm long robes, a thickness of 13 mm and a width of 30 mm. Sometimes the boards of the walls of the Ukrainian hive-sun bed are collected in the spool and comb (Fig. 64).

After gluing the shield, in it from the inside, the top edge is chosen to be a depth of 25 mm and a width of 50 mm. Fold is done in this way: after marking a spundegebel, a spool is taken away with a depth of 24 mm, then the ax is shying the indisposed part of the wood and cleaned it with its planer and selected. Falk forms a side of warming. Then select the frame folding depth of 11 mm and a width of 20 mm. Make False False also Shputtegel and the selected. After that, in front paps to connect it with side walls, a quarter of 25 mm depth and 40 mm width are selected. At a bottom edge at a distance of 90 mm from the ends, two lower years with a length of 200 mm and a height of 10 mm, and then strictly in the middle of the lower pilots at a distance of 120 mm from the upper edge, two upper pilots with a diameter of 25 mm are drilled.

Making the rear wall.

The rear wall is made of three boards with a length of 840 mm, 185 width and a thickness of 40 mm. Boards are connected to a spool and rack. With the inner of their plants, the top edge selects two folds - a frame-size 11 x 20 mm and a heated 14 x 50 mm.

At the bottom edge, a quarter is made a quarter depth of 25 mm and a width of 40 mm. Over the ends for connecting the rear wall with the side, the end-in-four-dimensional fourths are selected.

The lower pilot with a length of 100 mm and a height of 10 mm is closer closer to the right side wall. Make it at a distance of 40 mm from the bottom edge and 90 mm from the end. A properly made rear wall should be wider than 40 mm, that is, to have a width of 555 mm.

Production of side walls.

Each side wall is made of four boards that have a purity length of 365 mm, a thickness of 40 mm and a width of 139 mm. Black blanks must be more chisty in length by 20 mm, in width of 10 and in thickness by 5 mm. These boards are plastered, mess up to the desired size, but do not fly. Then they are connected to a spool and rail. To do this, at the bottom board in the upper edge, in the top board in the bottom edge, in the middle boards in both edges, a spout of 13 mm wide and a depth of 15 mm is taken. In these sheets on the glue drive rakes and a side wall shield collect. After drying the shield, one of the ends are energized. It is measured with 365 mm and the remaining part is filled with fine-skinned saw. In each side wall with the inner plastic at the bottom edge, a quarter of 25 mm depth and width 40 we are taken. After the manufacture of all four walls and thorough treatment with a double planer of the inner surfaces, the housing is trapped. When the wall is contained, it is connected so that the quarters selected - under the bottom, coincide, and the front panel will be at the level of the side walls in its lower edge.

Production of the bottom.

The bottom is made of three boards with a length of 810 mm, a width of 150 mm and a thickness of 40 mm. After planing and ebugs, they are connected to a spool and rack. On the bottom of the board fasten with spokes. After heating the bottom, it is inserted into a quarter of the case and nailed with 100-millimeter nails so that each board is nailed to four nails. When the bottom will be britched, its protruding part is being built onto the cone. This is done so that atmospheric precipitates do not get through the flyers in the hive. To the front wall outside and to the protruding part of the bottom, a separating board is naked, which delimits one pilot from the other. A separating board is made with a thickness of 30 mm, a width of 70 mm and a length of 400 mm. The front edge is cut out figure. To the upper edge of the pilots, guide bars are nourished, in which two flying liners are inserted. Rear pilots also equip. To do this, to the lower edge of the flyer nourish the support bar for the arrivals. Above the pilot attach the guide bar. Between the support and guide bars are inserted years-kneed liners. The arrive board is attached by loops.

Production of the roof.

The roof consists of a strapping and roofing pad. The strapping has the front, rear and two side walls (Fig. 65). The roof is made single.

The front wall is 860 mm long, 200 mm width and a thickness of 20 mm is made above the rear by 120 mm.

In the front and rear walls at the bottom edge from the inside, the folds with a height of 15 mm and a depth of 10 mm are chosen to connect the roof from the housings. At the ends of the same walls to connect to the side walls, the strapping makes quarters of 20 mm wide and a depth of 10 mm. The side walls of the roof strapping are made of 395 mm long, 20 mm thick and 200 mm width. The upper edge of the boards is spilled in a straight line so that the rear end them is 80 mm. In the side walls of the roof strapping at the bottom edge from the inside, the foldings of 15 and a depth of 10 mm are taken. Then the roof strapping is knocked down by nails. After the pinching foam, the top edge of the front and rear strapping walls are mounted so that the upper edges of all four walls are in the same plane. Four roofing boards with a length of 960 mm, 130 mm wide and a thickness of 15 mm are nourished to the roof strapping. Boards are fixed with uniform inquiry on all sides of the hive. From above, roofing shield is covered with tin, tol, rubberoid or rubber.

In the side walls of the roof strapping at a level of 50 mm from the lower edges, three air holes with a diameter of 20 mm are drilled. From the inside of the roof, the space adjacent to the ventilation holes is cut off with a grid with a cell size of 3 mm. Outside, the ventilation openings are closed with turntables.

This beehive is suitable for working with bees novice buttons, since it is an elementary design of a rectangular shape. There is no need to install partitions in it, because the uterus does not move to the extension, but remains there. This hive is able to accommodate both one family with nucleus and two. Ukrainian hive is too cumbersome for transportation, therefore it is used as stationary in the household sections.

Features and advantages

The idea of \u200b\u200bcreating a Ukrainian hive belongs to Polish beekeeper Levitsky. He was a supporter of a narrow framework, and the models developed by him, due to the simplicity of working with them, quickly received distribution.

The main feature of such a house, perhaps, is 16-20 frames in it (plus-minus 2). Unified recommended sizes for Ukrainian hives are defined in 1981 and applicable so far. A standard narrow frame has dimensions: 435 * 300 mm, its width corresponds to the diameter of the club formed by insect during wintering.

Overview of one of the variants of the Ukrainian hive

When preparing nests to winter, it is enough to position 6-7 cells with food at the top. The nest of a narrow shape of the bee is perfectly heated in the cold season, which leads to a more intensive development of the bee family in early spring. The big front wall of the sun bed, if it is turned to the south, heats up in the sun and creates a comfortable microclimate insecting insects insect.

Another advantage is that in such designs it is convenient to generate taps. And this can be done despite the family living in the hive. You only need to burn two of these places.

Working with such a hives is reduced, roughly speaking, to the production and permutation of the high frames, as well as the selection of frames with the train and cells. That is why this design is an inadequate and distributed now, rather, for the soul, although there are exceptions.

disadvantages

There are not many minuses, but they are:

1. Difficulties in expanding the nest, as it is located horizontally.
2. Air exchange is difficult, which is important in winter, due to a small size under the framework.
3. Large sizes and inadvertent design.

Manufacture

Levitsky's hive was subsequently subjected to improvement and became known as Ukrainian. It has the form of a housing with a roof and a non-removable bottom. Ukrainian hive is manufactured by the installation of 16-20 frames. If necessary, it can be separated by a diaphragm. In length, the housing is 686 mm, and in a width of 381 mm. Product height 507 mm. The bottom and sidewalls make up 28 mm, and the facial and rear walls of the 33 mm design in the thickness.

In the manufacture of Ukrainian hives, you need to stick to the sizes specified in the drawing and comply with the sequence of work.

Assembling corps. The back and facial walls of the housing are made up of three boards. For connecting them with sidewalls, end quarters are selected. The finished rear wall is wider than 40 mm. During the manufacture, you need to make a small allowance. It is needed to correct defects.

On the right wall, the depths are made from the bottom, which is closed by a sleeve. On the outer edge of the case, Falts depth is 5 * 16 mm. The depth of the edge for frames is 25 mm with a width of 9 mm.

On the front wall make the pilot. He must be not right in the middle, but a little left (90 mm from the end and 40 from Niza). From above, it closes a folding book with a grid. It performs the function of the arriving board and the barrel. If the design contains two families, then you need four letters.

After trying the bottom, it is connected to the housing and nails nails. For fixing each board, four nails are used. When the bottom will be attached, the protruding parts give a conical shape, it prevents precipitation inwards into the design.

Roof. In order to make a shield, use boards in 23 mm thick. From above, the roof is resting with roofing glands, the edges of which bend down. In the sidewalls, the roof strapping makes three holes for airing, with a diameter of 20 mm. They must be located at 50 mm from the bottom edge. The roof is made with a tilt back, elevation in the face.

Framework. The hive is designed for 16-20 frames. They are knocked out from the top and bottom planks and two side skulls. Upstairs, the frame forms shoulders, with which it is installed in the hive.

Partition. The separation diaphragm is not present stationary, but is used if necessary to divide families. It is made from thin milking, no more than 15 mm thick. When installing the partition is fixed in the upper part of the structure. Its edges are tightly adjacent to the walls of the hive on the sides, and the space remains about 10 mm below.

Ukrainian hive can be made personally or acquired. Sometimes it is sold with insulation, which, if desired, is easy to independently place on a fixed bottom and interconnect space. For this purpose, they use chips, straw and other infrid materials.

In order to better understand the features of the content of bees in such honey, let's go deep into history. The very first evidence of a similar type invented the Polish Beekeeper Casimir Levitsky back in the 1870s. The greatest popularity of its invention was obtained at the end of the XIX-early XX century century in Poland and Ukraine. Therefore, later, such a design began to refer to as Ukrainian hive or sun bed on a narrow-high frame. Today they are a slightly simplified design of Levitsky.

Very often you can hear that Ukrainian is a peasant version. This is primarily due to its design. Peasants engaged in agriculture and grave labor, especially estimated the easy contents of bees in these hives. No shops and additional buildings, put 20 frames and free contents. However, with the emergence of a low Dadanovskaya framework, the Ukrainian lounger became a little forgotten.

As for common features, it has the same design as the hail-sun beds with a wide frame of Dadana-Bolta. It can be placed in 16, 18 or 20 frames with a width 30 and a height of 43.5 centimeters. On top of the nest itself during an abundant bribe, it is possible to put a small store.

Advantages and disadvantages

Ukrainian evidence Lyzhak on a high frame has several advantages and advantages. First of all, its form is very close to the dupe or deck, where there is a place for vertical natural development of bees. It also creates comfortable conditions for wintering bees. The high frame is ideal for family heating and food search. In addition, the design of this hive allows you to quietly contain two families or one with.

Ukrainian lounger is well suited for, since it does not need to work a lot and drag heavy housings. Its design allows the main medical care to build a large strong family.

It is easy to look for the uterus, you do not need to work with the housings, it is easy to make a weapon in the family of bees. As for the shortcomings, the beekeepers mark only a few: a large size and bulky, as well as the inconvenience to post in the procession.

How to make a Ukrainian evidence independently?

In order to make such a sun bed for its bees, it should be recognized. You can consider it in more detail in the photo and video. So, the finished hive on the high frame has 20 frames, a case, a diaphragm. The front and rear walls of the sun bed are insulated with foam or several boards with an internal insulation. In the rear, it is necessary to make the door to clean the hive and watching the family bees, and from the front - two tips.

Dimensions

• The thickness of the outer walls is 15 mm;
• The thickness of the inner walls is 25 mm;
• Case length - 83 cm;
• Hull width - 44 cm;
• Height - 60 cm.

It is important to note that the detailed design and use of this hive described in his book "Beeles to the joy" Fedor Lazutin. It gives the following hull sizes: length - 94 cm, height 52 and width - 45 cm.

Instruments

• The starting material is a dry board with a cross section of 50x150 mm;
• Plywood for interior decoration;
• Lining for the outside;
• Loops, nails, self-tapping screws, rafters;
• Pillet, knife, hammer, drill;
• Line, pencil for marks.

Step-by-step instruction

In order for you to better understand the course of assembling the hive, we offer you drawings and drawings with a sequence.

1. We prepare all materials, including boards for assembling the case and parts.
2. We start with the side walls of the frame. To do this, we collect the details 1, 2 and 3. See the drawings.
3. Connect the side walls using horizontal bars, as in the drawing 2 and 3.
4. In the locations of the letters, you should insert vertical bars on the front wall, on the back and with a size of 20x50 mm in the corners for connecting plywood. See Figure 4.
5. We make the frame of the bottom from the 40x40 mm bars, as in Figure 7.
6. We produce a piercing one.
7. Then go to the installation of the rafter (Figure 9), making the stand under the hive and legs.
8. Complete finishing of the inside plywood and exterior lining. It will create a more comfortable microclimate in the hives and protects from rain, wind and cold.

Video "Ukrainian hive | Overview Lights on a narrow-high frame "

In this video you can see the homemade Ukrainian evidence on the narrow-high frame. You can do this option, the channel "Beekeeping and Nature" tells everything in detail and shows.

This hive, like the beehive Dadan, is suitable for novice beekeepers, as the design of this hive is very simple. Make such a hive with your own hands simple enough.

Design features

This beehive created by the famous Polish beekeeper Casimir Levitsky (1847-1902). Due to the simplicity of the design, as well as a narrow frame, this hive was greatly distributed, he later became known as "Ukrainian". There are many variations of the hive, accommodating from 14 to 24 frames. The main dimensions of the hive were approved back in 1981. The basis of the hive (taking into account the bee space) is a narrow-high frame, the dimensions of which are 435x300 mm.

Benefits

• Simplicity;
• There are no additional extensions (stores or enclosures);
• One standard frame (size);
• The ability to place in the hive there are several chains or nucleus;
• 6-8 frames enough for wintering bees, due to the fact that the main feed of the feed is above the Bee Club;
• High woven walls are better warmed by the Sun, which is very important in spring development.

disadvantages

• Large weight and dimensions of the hive;
• Unintellular design;
• There is no possibility to increase the volume of the nest;
• Bad air exchange during wintering.

Manufacturing of Ukrainian Ulya

Hive has housing rectangular shape roof and integral bottom. The internal space of the hive is limited (if necessary) the diaphragms. The bottom and side walls are made of a 28x140 mm board, the end walls from the board with dimensions of 33x140 mm.

Dimensions of the hive make up 649x800x430 mm.

Boards in splicing can be connected to any convenient way (spike-groove, quarter, etc.)

Shield roof It is performed from a thickness of 22 mm thick, the workpiece can serve as an "inches" width of 150 mm. The roof is covered with galvanized iron or rubberoid or similar materials.

The pilot has dimensions: Height 12-15, width 120-180 mm. The number of letters depends on the number of accommodating frameworks in the hive. They are made as the upper and pilots in the end walls.

Painting It is carried out by any affordable wood paints, but the best paint for painting the hives is acrylic. Applying white acrylic paint, you get: the possibility of obtaining any colors and shades of the hive, the reliability of the protective coating, the speed of drying (within 30 minutes) and the absence of unpleasant odors.

In the manufacture of the hive, their own sizes can be taken from below the drawing below.