Reason for periodic medical examinations. Medical examinations of employees - the procedure for conducting mandatory, periodic and extraordinary medical examinations

A medical examination is a set of measures to study health, identify possible pathologies and prevent them.

Periodic medical examinations of enterprise employees are carried out in order to identify early stages diseases that may be dangerous to others or make the employee unfit to perform certain jobs. It allows you to track the dynamics of changes in health, as well as identify possible occupational diseases and minimize the harm caused to a person’s well-being.

Who should undergo a medical examination

First of all, periodic medical examination required:

• citizens employed in high-altitude work;
• people working in the field Catering;
• employees educational organizations and medical institutions;
• employees working in the field of hairdressing, beauty salons, laundries, baths;
• employees pharmaceutical companies;
• persons whose work is related to water supply systems;
• poultry farm workers and livestock enterprises;
• citizens employed in hazardous and/or hazardous production.

But on the initiative of the director of the organization or the team itself, people of any profession can undergo periodic medical examinations. The legislation defines only some specialties whose representatives must undergo regular medical examinations.

Frequency of medical examinations

Requirements for the frequency and procedure for conducting medical examinations are indicated:

• in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (articles, and);

According to these documents, employees under the age of 21 must undergo a medical examination annually.

As a rule, each organization draws up its own calendar plan conducting periodic medical examinations and, according to it, directing employees to be checked. The calendar plan is agreed upon by the medical center with the employer and approved by the head of the medical organization.

Procedure for conducting a medical examination

Step 3. Making a plan

Based name list(within 10 days from the date of receipt, but no later than 14 days before the agreed date of examination), the medical center draws up a calendar plan for conducting periodic examinations.

Step 4. Prepare the order

The employer issues an order on the frequency of the medical examination and the order in which it is completed. Persons sent for medical examination must familiarize themselves with the order at least 10 days before it takes place.

Step 5. Issue directions

After this, employees should be given directions for a medical examination. There is no approved form for this document, so it is drawn up in any form.

Step 6. Workers undergo inspection

With a referral in hand, employees must come to the medical institution with which the contract was concluded within the time period specified in the document. They must also have a passport and a referral from the employer.

During the medical examination, employees retain their average earnings. If an employee refuses to undergo verification, the director will have to remove him from the job. labor activity and do not pay wages until the inspection is completed. If the inspection was missed due to the fault of the employer or due to factors beyond the control of the employee or the head of the company, non-admission to perform duties is considered idle time and is paid in the amount of 2/3 of the worker’s average salary.

What to do after the examination

Upon completion of the event, the medical institution draws up a final report (within 30 days). A certified document signed by the head of the medical center and the enterprise is sent to the territorial department of Rospotrebnadzor for approval.

Now let’s talk about how the results of periodic medical examinations of the organization’s employees are compiled. After employees undergo a medical examination, the employer must collect conclusions signed and certified by the seal of the medical institution with the results of the examination.

Based on the medical report, the employee’s membership in one of the dispensary groups is determined, followed by indication in the medical card and health passport of recommendations for the prevention of diseases, including occupational diseases. And if available medical indications- for further observation, treatment and rehabilitation.

Who pays for medical examinations

All expenses for conducting a routine medical examination, as well as, are paid by the director of the enterprise: this is a requirement articles 212 And 213 Labor Code of the Russian Federation. Subsequently, the state compensates him for part of the costs of medical examinations through the Social Insurance Fund.

Employer's liability

It is still unknown when exactly the amendment will come into force. Therefore, for now, employers must plan medical examinations for all employees whose activities are carried out under the influence, among other things, of the electromagnetic field of the broadband frequency spectrum.

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Hello! In this article we will talk about carrying out medical examinations for company employees.

Today you will learn:

1. What types of medical examinations are established by labor legislation;
2. For workers in which professions medical examinations are mandatory and with what frequency;
3. How to properly prepare for a medical examination of your organization’s employees;
4. What consequences could failure to undergo an initial or periodic medical examination have for the enterprise and for specialists?

Why send workers for a medical examination?

The term “medical examination” in the professional sphere has replaced the concept of “medical examination”. In fact, both of these denote a set of measures to study the employee’s health, identify possible pathologies and prevent them.
It is the physical condition of the employee that will determine how suitable he is to perform certain tasks. labor responsibilities. To understand whether a subordinate’s health corresponds to his position and paid activities, the employer sends his company’s employees for a mandatory medical examination.

First of all, periodic medical examination is necessary for workers in professions associated with danger: firefighters, rescuers, miners. The category of hazardous industries also includes enterprises whose activities involve chemical mixtures, biological matter, allergens, toxins, and ultraviolet radiation.

The health status of employees of such companies must be monitored in order to avoid a sharp deterioration and prevent loss of ability to work or possible work injuries. If production employees are affected by at least one of the factors, a medical examination should be organized once a year or more often.

Workers in the food industry, trade or catering organizations, teachers in schools and preschool institutions undergo a medical examination in order to preserve their own health and the safety of those with whom the employee comes into contact. In addition, the goals of medical examinations include monitoring the health dynamics of employees and preventing the development of diseases associated with professional activities.

Control of this aspect of labor is legally assigned to the head of the company. It is he who is required to determine how often employees must undergo mandatory medical examinations, whether a medical examination is necessary for the candidate before taking office, and other organizational issues.

Types of medical examinations for workers

There are three main types of medical examinations at the enterprise, depending on the time of their conduct:

• Mandatory primary medical examination;
• Periodic medical examination;
• Extraordinary.

Mandatory preliminary medical examination

Preliminary medical examination- This is a one-time examination conducted to hire a new employee. Individually, he is given a referral to be examined by specialists. The initiative may come from you, as a manager, but sometimes a preliminary medical examination is a mandatory step for the conclusion, which is enshrined in the legislation of the Russian Federation. This concerns individual species labor activity. Unsatisfactory results of medical examinations entail refusal to conclude an employment contract with potential employees.

A primary medical examination is required for:

• Applicants who are under 18 years of age;
• Applicants for heavy or dangerous work;
• Applicants for work in the Far North;
• Athletes;
• Employees working with transport (pilots, machinists, drivers).

Managers who ignore this rule risk receiving administrative punishment and a fine for their company. In addition, there are areas of activity for which employees also require a primary medical examination. This category includes employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, customs, judges, and railway employees.

If during the examination it is revealed that the applicant does not meet the health requirements for the position, you need to draw up written refusal in hiring. If the applicant refuses to undergo a medical examination, the manager has every right to refuse the conclusion labor relations with him.

For other types of business, a preliminary medical examination can be organized at the request of the manager. It is worth remembering that the company will have to pay for visits to specialists. Most often, the entire complex regarding the health status of the applicant takes place in a clinic with which the company has entered into an agreement.

Periodic medical examination of employees

You can choose the organization to which you entrust the medical examination yourself. The only criterion is availability of an appropriate license.

The specialists that employees will need to undergo, tests and tests will vary for different professions, for men and women, for workers different ages. Nevertheless, the general list of procedures and specialists remains unchanged during any periodic medical examination at the enterprise.

First of all, the employee must be examined by a therapist, then the usual tests are taken: general analysis blood and general urine analysis. It is very important to include fluorography in the medical examination. It will make it possible to draw a conclusion about the state of the lungs and bronchi and identify tuberculosis, which in the early stages is virtually asymptomatic.

Mandatory tests include an ECG and a visit to a neurologist, surgeon, or ophthalmologist. The examination data is entered into the medical record.

Mandatory medical examination is provided for a certain list of employees:

• Employees of production where one or more harmful or hazardous factors exist;
• Employees of public catering establishments;
• Those engaged in high-altitude work;
• Medical workers, employees of sanitary and hygienic enterprises, pharmaceutical companies;
• Employees of educational institutions;
• Employees whose activities are related to livestock farming, poultry farms and water utilities.

Regardless of the specifics of your business, all employees under 21 years of age must undergo mandatory periodic medical examinations.

There are types of activities that require certification before the start of each shift. These include drivers; they are required to undergo special tests before each trip. Pre-shift medical examinations are also necessary for employees whose activities involve high physical and emotional costs (pilots, machinists).

Even if the activities of your company's employees involve standard office work, the labor code provides for mandatory periodic medical examinations.

This applies to those workers who spend more than 50% of their time in front of a computer monitor. In this case, you can use the on-site medical examination service: many clinics have mobile brigade, which comes to offices and conducts the necessary tests.

The rules for conducting extraordinary medical examinations are least regulated by law. These events are not periodic. They can be initiated by the employee himself in the event of a deterioration in health, if there is a suspicion that it is related to professional activities.

The second case of an unscheduled medical examination is the recommendations of specialists after the conclusion of a periodic examination. Perhaps routine tests were not enough to determine the employee’s suitability for his activities and additional examination is required. Occupational safety specialists can also refer all or some workers for an unscheduled examination. Such cases may arise when working conditions suddenly deteriorate or suspicious symptoms appear in one or more company employees.

Who should pay for employee medical examinations?

The company fully bears the cost of the entire range of measures to inspect employees. In addition, the employee of the organization retains average salary. The personal medical record is given to you, as the employer, for the entire time the employee works for the company.

The cost of a medical examination by one specialist can vary from 1,500 to 5,000 rubles, depending on the region and the necessary tests. Most clinics offer a discount proportional to the number of employees.

The costs of the initial medical examination for the applicant also fall on the employer. Payment for a medical examination for employment is made in the same way as for periodic examination. If the candidate’s health does not allow concluding an agreement with him, the medical book remains for his personal use.

If possible or current employee paid for the passage of specialists, the law provides for reimbursement of the costs of a medical examination by the employer. To do this, the employee just needs to write a free-form application and attach documents confirming payment.

If employees fail to undergo a medical examination due to the fault of the employer and are subsequently removed from duties, the company is obliged to pay them an amount equal to 2/3 of the salary.

Through the compulsory insurance fund, part of the amount for undergoing a medical examination is compensated.

Step-by-step instructions for preparing for a periodic medical examination

Since all preparation for a medical examination at an enterprise is the responsibility of the employer, you will need to understand the nuances.

There is an algorithm that allows you to quickly and correctly prepare for a medical examination:

Step 1. Selecting a company that will conduct a medical examination and concluding an agreement with it. Most clinics are licensed to examine employees. After concluding the contract, it is necessary to select and agree on the terms of medical examination.

Step 2. Compiling a list of employees who require a medical examination. This document is sent to the Rospotrebnadzor department of your district. Indicate in the list all workers by profession who are affected by the negative factors discussed above.

Step 3. When the list of contingents has been agreed upon with Rospotrebnadzor, you will need to draw up a second list, listing by name the company specialists sent for a medical examination. Indicate their name and influence negative factor. This list also needs to be agreed upon.

Step 4. After certification, send this list to the company with which you entered into an agreement for the medical examination. This must be done no later than two months in advance.

Step 5. The party providing medical examination services will draw up an action plan by date. This usually takes about ten days. You, as the employer, only need to approve the plan.

Step 6. Once the implementation plan has been drawn up and agreed upon, you will need to familiarize your company’s staff with it. This step must be implemented no later than two working weeks before the medical examination.

Step 7 All specialists who must undergo a medical examination are given a referral. Its receipt is confirmed by signature. The direction contains information about the enterprise, medical organization, complete data of the employee, including occupation, according to the presence of harmful factors. The document is certified by an authorized person of the employer.

Step 8 After passing the medical examination, supporting documents are issued: a conclusion based on the examination results and a report. The conclusion is drawn up in two copies. One is given to the employee, the second remains in the personal card. Four copies of the acts are drawn up by the commission together with Rospotrebnadzor. One of them is sent to the employer.

Employees are only responsible for reporting to the medical organization at the appointed time with a passport and referral.

Consequences of failure to undergo a medical examination

Labor Code regulates not only the frequency and nuances of medical examinations by employees, but also measures for employees and employers if the medical examination has not been passed.

Often the applicant does not agree to undergo a preliminary medical examination. In such circumstances, the employer has no right to enter into employment contract with an employee.

The employer signs a written refusal to hire and if the applicant’s health does not correspond to the expected duties, he cannot be allowed to perform the intended activity.

Ignoring these conditions may result in a fine for the company. The amount may vary depending on the form of the company. For individual entrepreneurs minimum fine threshold – RUB 15,000., for organizations – RUB 110,000.

What to do if a subordinate has not passed a periodic medical examination? The Labor Code obliges to temporarily suspend professional activity employee.

If the medical examination was not passed due to the fault of the employee himself, then wages are not accrued. In the event that the medical examination was not completed for reasons beyond the employee’s control or due to valid reasons, he is paid the salary portion of his salary for the entire period of forced unemployment.

The issued certificate from the medical commission may indicate the impossibility of continuing work in the position held by the employee. If health problems prevent him from performing his duties, you can offer him another position. In such cases, the Labor Code also provides for transfer to a lower-paid job within the company. If this is not possible, cooperation with the employee must be terminated.

Scheduled medical examinations will help you not only avoid sanctions and fines, but also maintain confidence that all employees can perform their direct duties without risk to their health.

Conducting an annual medical examination of employees is a legal requirement and if it is not met, this may lead to unfavorable situations for the employer. How to organize a medical examination and comply with the requirements of the law? This article will describe all the nuances of organizing and running this event.

Examination of an employee by medical specialists is necessary:

1. Before employment. The fact is that the employer must be sure that the employee’s health status corresponds to the position held and can perform the work assigned to him. It turns out that the conclusion about a citizen undergoing a medical examination for the first time indicates that he is healthy.
2. During the period of work at the enterprise. An employee is busy performing one or another activity and at the same time comes into contact with hazardous production factors, that is, he may suffer a deterioration in his health. In this regard, periodic examinations are organized in order to monitor the dynamics of his health.

Why is an annual medical examination necessary?

Medical examinations are organized based on the requirements of the order of the Ministry of Health, issued in 2012. And the main provisions on conducting a medical examination are contained in labor legislation, 212 article of the Labor Code.

In general, it turns out that the employer is obliged to organize a medical examination at the enterprise.

In each organizational structure The event must be organized annually, but it is not a fact that the employee must undergo a medical examination every year.

You should focus on normative act- an order of the Ministry of Health, which states how often a person must undergo a medical examination for a particular profession or when working with harmful factors. For example, when working at height it is necessary to undergo inspections once a year, and when working with a personal computer once every two years.

Basics of organizing a medical examination

Examination of employees by medical specialists is an event that requires not only the efforts of the employer, but also costs Money. According to legislative framework Payment for such services is carried out by the enterprise and there should be no talk of payment by employees. Even if a specialist refers you for further examination, it should be carried out free of charge for the employee.

Some workers go to private clinics to have their tests come back positive, although this is extremely wrong. It is recommended that this point be clearly monitored by the responsible person. And also, the employees themselves need to inform management that they are being sent for paid additional examinations, so that the latter can promptly stop these illegal actions.

Watch the following video about periodic medical examinations:

How to properly organize the passage of workers? This question faces many managers. The recommended sequence for organizing the passage can be established in the following order:

• develop an appropriate Regulation or enterprise standard for undergoing a medical examination;
• enter into agreements with medical institutions that have the right to conduct this event;
• annually issue orders on undergoing professional examinations;
• control the implementation of the event by responsible persons;
• on the basis of acts from medical institutions, issue administrative documents on the implementation of specialists’ recommendations.

Now let's take a closer look at each point.

In order to organize a medical examination in the organizational structure, it is necessary to be guided by a single document. For this purpose, it is proposed to develop and approve by order a Regulation.

Information contained in the document:

The draft documents are prepared by the software service and agreed with the primary trade union organization and the legal department. All employees without exception are familiarized with the situation.

How to submit lists of employees for medical examination

It is important to promptly submit lists of all employees for a medical examination. It is recommended to do this in the following sequence:

1. Prepare a list of all employees in the department so as not to miss anyone. This can be requested from the HR department.
2. When compiling lists, be guided by special assessment cards for working conditions, namely, these documents contain a clause on passing a medical examination. If there are none, then you can use applications from . It details the list of harmful factors and hazardous work for which a medical examination is required. At the same time, everyone should take into account what harmful factors are present in the workplace, and their excess indicates that the employee must be included in the list for passing the commission.
3. It is also recommended to include information from the employee’s passport, pension and medical certificate numbers, and the employee’s place of residence according to registration in the list for a medical examination.
4. The lists must be approved by the responsible labor protection engineer and transferred to the organization conducting medical examinations.
5. Before direct organization medical board lists are being updated, as rotation of employees is possible.

Preparation of medical records

Many workers wonder why they are examined by different specialists and prescribed different tests if they work in the same workshop. This is all explainable and described in the order of the Ministry of Health. The fact is that each profession and harmful factor has its own list of specialists, tests and instrumental examinations.

However, there are some nuances:

• All employees without exception are required to undergo fluorography;
• Women need to be examined by a gynecologist.

Without these tests and studies, the occupational pathologist will not diagnose. Based on the description of the regulatory documentation, specialists draw up a medical record for each employee separately, where they prescribe different doctors for a medical examination.

The first stage of organizing a medical examination

Care should be taken in advance to organize a medical examination of the company’s employees:

1. Develop a schedule for undergoing a medical examination and fluorographic examination.
2. Determine who will enter into contracts with medical institutions.
3. Prepare an administrative document on the organization of the event in individual departments.

Medical examinations of employees must be carried out as scheduled

The document is signed by interested parties and approved by the head of the facility.

An order for organizing an event must include the following information:

• within 10 days before the start of the medical examination, it is necessary to familiarize the company’s employees with the need to undergo a medical examination against signature;
• appoint persons responsible for undergoing medical examinations and issuing referrals to employees.
• determine when it is necessary to undergo the examination;
• The administrative document may also reflect other points related to the medical examination of workers: for example, the delivery of specialists to the venue of the event, if there is a medical center on the territory and all the conditions for passing are available.

Third stage

Now the medical examination has been completed, but not fully completed, the next step is to process the results. This is what specialists do.

If there are doubts about the employee’s health status, further examinations are carried out

The results of the examination by doctors, the tests performed and instrumental studies are summarized and a conclusion is made on this basis, for example:

1. If, based on the results, the employee does not have one, then the occupational pathologist grants permission to work.
2. If there are doubts about the employee’s health status, further examinations are scheduled.
3. All information is transferred to the person responsible for the medical examination.
4. To carry out additional examinations, transportation of workers to the clinic is organized. Employees are prescribed instrumental examinations, including ultrasound, blood and urine tests, ECHO-kg, Holter and others.
5. If, based on the results of additional examinations, the health status is normal, then the occupational pathologist writes a conclusion on the employee’s permission to work. If, on the contrary, the employee’s health readings do not correspond to normal values, then the employee is suspended from work or diagnosed with an occupational disease, which will adversely affect the enterprise as a whole.

How to control the implementation, responsibility

To ensure that the results of the medical examination are not negative and that as few people as possible have to be taken away from work and sent for additional examinations, the employer is recommended to provide the following:

• appoint a person responsible for undergoing a medical examination and select responsible employee who would report on every step of the event;
• During the inspection period, the person in charge must contact all employees and specialists in order to promptly resolve existing problem situations and, if possible, eliminate these problems.

It is worth noting that during the medical examination, problems may arise, namely, an occupational disease is recorded, which, as noted earlier, can bring trouble for the activities of the entire enterprise as a whole. In connection with this circumstance, it is recommended to constantly communicate with specialists during the medical examination; perhaps, unnecessary problems will be avoided.

If the inspection is not completed on time, the employer may have problems. Initially, the person responsible for organizing the event must report to management about failure to undergo a medical examination.

If no measures are taken, the consequences may be different, for example:

• punishment by the state labor inspector;
• When investigating the consequences, the employer and immediate supervisor will be punished.

Punishment can be administrative as well as criminal. So it is recommended to organize the event correctly and follow all the recommendations of specialists, and if an occupational disease is detected, the investigation should be carried out in a timely and efficient manner, and it is possible that the employee himself is to blame for the disease.

Find out about guarantees for employees sent for a medical examination in this video:

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Hello dear readers of the site! I am sharing with you information about medical examinations by pharmaceutical workers at the pharmacy for finished dosage forms.

The list of works during which preliminary and periodic medical examinations of workers are carried out is approved by Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated April 12, 2011 No. 302n.

This list, in particular, includes work in trade organizations, which, of course, includes pharmacy organizations, as well as work in medical industry organizations and pharmacy chains related to the production, packaging and sale of medicines.

For workers performing these types of work, in addition to those listed in the notes to this List, there are also mandatory medical examinations once a year from a dermatovenerologist, otorhinolaryngologist and dentist, as well as from an infectious disease specialist, on the recommendation of the above-mentioned specialist doctors.

When conducting preliminary and periodic medical examinations, all subjects are required to undergo the following:

• clinical blood test (hemoglobin, color index, red blood cells, platelets, leukocytes, leukocyte formula, ESR);
• clinical urine test ( specific gravity, protein, sugar, sediment microscopy);
• electrocardiography;
• digital fluorography or radiography in 2 projections (direct and right lateral) of the lungs;
• biochemical screening: blood serum levels of glucose, cholesterol.

All women are examined by an obstetrician-gynecologist with bacteriological (for flora) and cytological (for atypical cells) examinations at least once a year; Women over the age of 40 undergo mammography or ultrasound of the mammary glands once every 2 years.

In addition to the results of the above examinations, the results of a chest x-ray, a blood test for syphilis, a test for carriage of intestinal pathogens and a serological test for typhoid fever upon admission to work and in the future - according to epidemiological indications, tests for helminthiasis upon admission - are entered into the personal medical pharmacist. for work and in the future - at least once a year or for epidemiological indications, as well as the results of a smear from the throat and nose for the presence of pathogenic staphylococcus upon admission to work, in the future - for medical and epidemiological indications.

According to paragraph 9 of the Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated April 12, 2011 No. 302n, “The procedure for conducting mandatory preliminary (upon entry to work) and periodic medical examinations (examinations) of workers employed in hard work and at work with hazardous and (or) dangerous conditions labor" to undergo a preliminary examination, the person entering work submits to the medical organization in which the examination is carried out, among other things necessary documents, including the employee’s health passport (if available).

At the same time, according to paragraph 10 of the Procedure, a person passing through preliminary inspection, the medical organization issues a health passport for the employee, if it has not been issued before. Each health passport is assigned a number and the date it was completed is indicated. One health passport is maintained for each employee.

During the examination, the health passport is stored in the medical organization. At the end of the examination, a health passport is issued to the employee. If an employee loses a health passport, the medical organization, upon the employee’s application, issues him a duplicate health passport. In accordance with paragraph 32 of the above Procedure, the results of further periodic medical examinations of the employee are recorded in the employee’s medical record and health passport.

The health passport form (registration form N 025/u-PZ) was approved by Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation dated February 24, 2009 No. 67n “On the procedure for conducting additional medical examinations of working citizens in 2009.”

By the way, you can download a health passport.

Many professions are associated with dangerous or harmful factors that negatively affect a person’s life. Some people do not even have the opportunity to study a particular craft due to health reasons. To prevent industrial accidents and for preventive purposes occupational diseases Mandatory periodic medical examination is provided. Let's consider the rules of its organization and determine the persons responsible for this.

Legislation on the medical examination procedure

The employer is entirely responsible for occupational safety. The law entrusts him with the obligation to promptly organize a medical examination when applying for a job or during his working life. The following legal documents regulate this obligation:

• Labor Code of the Russian Federation.
• Order of Rosminzdrav of 2004, establishing a list of dangerous and harmful production work, the performance of which requires periodic medical examinations of workers.
• Order of Rosmindravmedprom, which contains information about the category of employees subject to mandatory medical examination, indicating its frequency.
• Industry documents (sanitary rules and regulations).

The Labor Code obliges employers to organize a medical examination for an employee, who must comply with the requirements of medical control. Violation of the rules by an employee or employer may result in administrative liability. Failure to undergo a periodic medical examination on time will result in the employee being suspended from duty. job responsibilities. Moreover, if it is the employer’s fault, then the duration of the downtime will be paid. Otherwise, the person will be left without wages.

Concept and purposes of medical examination

A medical examination is a set of activities and interventions that are aimed at diagnosing human pathological conditions and preventing the risks of developing occupational and other diseases. Periodic procedures are carried out to monitor the health of employees and reduce occupational injuries. For each, there are deadlines within which the employee must see doctors.

Periodic medical examinations ensure timely response to changes in health status. It is thanks to such events that it is possible to recognize developments in initial stages and begin timely treatment. The results of the survey may prompt the employer to transfer the employee to a less dangerous area of ​​production. The verdict of the medical commission ultimately either confirms the employee’s suitability to perform his duties, or, conversely, does not allow him to perform them.

Prerequisites for medical examination

Periodic medical examinations are carried out in certain deadlines, which depend on the degree of danger of production factors and their type of hazard. It is possible to determine whether an employee is affected by any unfavorable conditions using the appendix to Order No. 302n.

If at least one of the listed factors is exposed, a periodic medical examination should be carried out at least once a year.

Today, when applying for almost any position, you must undergo a preliminary medical examination. And this is not at all the whim of the employer. In addition to employees exposed to hazardous and harmful factors, preliminary and periodic medical examinations are carried out by the following employees:

• medical and preventive and children's institutions;
• Food Industry;
• trade;
• Catering;
• waterworks.

Mandatory inspection is carried out in order to protect the population from the occurrence and spread of dangerous diseases.

Referral for medical examination

Preliminary and periodic medical examinations are regulated by Order No. 302n. In the first case, before hiring for a certain position, the employer issues the applicant a referral letter containing information about the enterprise, the proposed position and the nature of harmful or dangerous production factors (if any). The list of specialists and laboratory and functional tests that a future employee must undergo is established in accordance with the List of Works and Harmful Factors. The medical examination is considered completed if all prescribed procedures are completed. At this stage, a medical opinion is formed, which allows or prohibits the employee from occupying a certain position. It is important to understand that if the medical board makes a negative decision, an employment contract cannot be concluded with the applicant.

Periodic medical examinations of workers are carried out within the periods specified in the List of Work and Harmful Factors. Two months before the next medical examination, the employer is obliged to issue a referral to the employee. The employee undertakes to appear at the specified time.

Organization of periodic medical examinations

Before sending employees to medical institution for a medical examination, the employer must complete several tasks. First of all, it is necessary to compile a list of employees. This is a regulatory act of the enterprise containing information about the professions of employees that are subject to preliminary or periodic medical examination. There is no standard form for this document, but a list of data that must be included in it has been developed:

• employee position according to the staffing table;
• name of hazardous work or type of work.

This may include Additional Information at the discretion of the employer. The list of contingents is approved once, until any changes occur at the enterprise (new jobs, improvement or deterioration of working conditions, reorganization). Ready document sent to Rospotrebnadzor.

Name lists of persons are developed annually two months before the agreed date of the medical examination. It must indicate the work experience exactly in the conditions stated production factor. It should be noted that a periodic medical examination is carried out at least once every 2 years in a medical institution and once every 5 years in an occupational pathology center. The lists are compiled separately.

Issue of an order

The company enters into an agreement with a medical institution, where employees will undergo regular medical examinations. After agreeing on the terms, a survey is drawn up, which must be familiarized to employees. Each person on the list of names confirms the fact of informing with a personal signature. At the same time, the employee may be given a referral for a periodic medical examination.

The need to carry out planned preventive measures is confirmed by issuing an order, which is drawn up in any form. Let's look at the approximate contents of this document:

Order “On conducting periodic medical examinations”

In accordance with Art. 212, 213, 266 Labor Code of the Russian Federation,

I ORDER:

1. Approve lists of employees who are subject to mandatory medical examination in 2016. A schedule of preventive measures and a list of employees is attached.
2. Send the employees listed on the list to medical institution « City Polyclinic No. 2" in accordance with the established schedule for the medical examination.
3. Heads of departments and divisions should not allow these employees to perform their job duties until the examinations have been completed.
4. Heads of departments and divisions should familiarize employees with the order and sign it.
5. Control over the execution of the order is entrusted to Ivanov I.V.

After which the director’s full name, his personal signature and attachments with a surname list of persons who need to come to the medical institution to undergo a medical examination are indicated. Order for periodic medical examinations - mandatory document, which is drawn up on the basis of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation and Order of the Rosmindrav No. 302n.

Frequency of inspection for certain professions

As already mentioned, monitoring the health of employees is carried out under the condition that the latter work in harmful and dangerous production, regularly visit clinics and representatives of professions who in one way or another come into contact with big amount persons Mandatory periodic medical examinations are required for employees:

• Food Industry, food trade, public catering - research is carried out twice a year on infectious diseases and STDs, as well as analysis for staphylococcus carriage and other bacteriological studies. Once a year, fluorography, consultation with a therapist and laboratory tests for the presence of helminths are prescribed.
• Children's preschool, school and secondary vocational medical institutions - examinations for the presence of STDs, infectious diseases and bacteriological studies are carried out up to 4 times a year. General therapeutic commission with fluorography and laboratory tests required once a year.
• Pharmacies and non-food trade - once a year, examination by a dermatovenerologist, therapist, fluorography and laboratory tests are indicated.
• Communal services for the population and swimming pools - they are examined for the presence of STDs 2 times a year and undergo a standard medical examination 1 time a year. Vaccination against diphtheria is required.

It is worth noting that the examinations, regardless of profession, include procedures such as fluorography, blood tests for syphilis, bacteriological studies for STDs, examination by a narcologist and a psychiatrist. For women, a visit to a gynecologist is mandatory.

Medical examination of persons working in hazardous and hazardous industries

Depending on category hazardous factors deadlines have been established for employees to undergo mandatory obligatory testing. It should be taken into account that, regardless of work experience and profession, the following persons are subject to annual examination:

• up to 21 years old;
• hired in the Far North region (including in equivalent regions) from another area;
• working on a rotational basis.

Let's consider the frequency of medical examination depending on the working conditions (profession).

Do not forget that there is a professional periodic medical examination, which must be completed at the occupational pathology center once every five years.

Medical examination before the start of the working day (shift)

Some employees, who are responsible for more than just their own lives, undergo a short medical examination every day. This includes workers employed in hazardous and hazardous industries. Purpose: monitoring health status after a working day and recording complaints about well-being. Drivers of all ground vehicles, as well as pilots, undergo periodic medical examinations at work. This time is included in the working day (shift) and takes at most 15 minutes, unless, of course, there is suspicion of a deterioration in the employee’s condition. Procedures include measuring pulse, blood pressure, overall assessment health conditions and reactions. Periodic medical examination of drivers necessarily includes a check of clarity of consciousness. If there is alcohol or drug intoxication (which is confirmed or refuted by express tests if necessary), the employee is removed from the flight. General malaise and pressure changes can also be a medical exemption from performing work duties.

The legislation decided mandatory passage pre-trip check of drivers' condition for each enterprise or individual entrepreneur. Every employee employed by vehicle, which belongs legal entity undergoing a medical examination. The doctor or paramedic decides on the employee’s permission to work. Medical conclusion personnel must be strictly observed.

Who pays?

In order for an employee to undergo periodic medical examinations, it is required to pay for preventive procedures. Who bears the costs of a medical examination? When hiring and carrying out work activities, the costs of a medical examination are borne by the employer. This rule is regulated by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (Article 213). The company is free to choose its own medical facility. Before concluding an agreement with an organization, you should make sure of the following points:

• the organization is licensed;
• in the list of services and works in the annex to the license it is noted that the institution has the right to conduct medical examinations or examinations of professional suitability;
• has all the necessary specialists on staff;
• owns the required equipment;
• provides services at the address specified in the license.

It is also necessary to clarify the procedure for examination by a narcologist and a psychiatrist. Often, additional visits to dispensaries are required to obtain certificates of mental and physical health. The cost of services is determined based on the number of required consultations and studies.

Even if the applicant is not employed after passing the medical examination, the employer does not have the right to demand reimbursement of expenses. Deductions from wages or independent payment for preventive examinations are unlawful in relation to the employee. The employer is obliged to bear all expenses and, in addition, maintain the employee’s salary during the medical examination within the average daily wage.

Periodic medical examination is an important event that allows timely diagnosis of occupational and socially dangerous diseases. Procedures are carried out primarily in the interests of the employee. Both the employer and the employee should comply with the requirements of the law regarding medical examinations. Violations lead to administrative fines of a considerable amount.