Obligatory doctors for medical examination for work. Medical examination of workers: for which professions are required, which doctors to undergo

In accordance with the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, persons under the age of eighteen, as well as other persons in cases provided for by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation and other federal laws, are subject to mandatory preliminary and periodic medical examinations. So, the Labor Code of the Russian Federation establishes the obligation to undergo a preliminary and periodic medical examination also for:
- workers employed in work with harmful and (or) hazardous working conditions (part one of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation);
- workers employed in jobs directly related to traffic vehicle (part one, Labor Code of the Russian Federation);
- workers employed in underground work (part one, Labor Code of the Russian Federation);
- athletes (Labor Code of the Russian Federation);
- persons recruited to work in the Far North and equated areas from other localities (Labor Code of the Russian Federation);
- employees of organizations food Industry, catering and trade, water supply facilities, medical organizations and children's institutions, as well as some other employers (part two of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).
The employer's obligation to organize preliminary and periodic medical examinations for specific categories of workers may also follow from other federal laws. Such inspections are mandatory, in particular, for:
- teaching staff (Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ);
- personnel of facilities for the storage and destruction of chemical weapons (Federal Law of 02.05.1997 N 76-FZ);
- certain categories of workers at nuclear facilities (Federal Law of 21.11.1995 N 170-FZ);
- persons recruited to work directly related to the movement of trains and shunting work (Federal Law of 10.01.2003 N 17-FZ).
In accordance with part four of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, harmful and (or) dangerous production factors and work in the performance of which mandatory preliminary and periodic medical examinations are carried out, the procedure for conducting such examinations is determined by the federal executive body authorized by the Government of the Russian Federation. Most of these factors and types of work, in the performance of which employees are subject to mandatory medical examination, are given in the corresponding lists approved by the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated 12.04.2011 N 302n. At the same time, it does not follow from the wording of part four of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation that these lists establish an exhaustive list of categories of workers who are subject to mandatory medical examination. Consequently, such categories can be provided for by other regulations, eg:
- A list of professions and positions of employees that ensure the movement of trains, subject to mandatory preliminary, upon admission to work, and periodic medical examinations, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation of 09/08/1999 N 1020;
- A list of positions of employees of nuclear facilities, which are subject to medical contraindications, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation of 03/01/1997 N 233.
From persons for whom such an examination is not mandatory in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, the employer cannot require a preliminary medical examination (determination of the Primorsky Regional Court of 06.10.2015 N 33-9050 / 2015, determination of the Vladimir Regional Court of 06.09.2012 N 33 -2581/2012).

Prepared by:
Expert of the Legal Consulting Service GARANT
Mazukhina Anna

Response quality control:
Reviewer of the Legal Consulting Service GARANT
Voronova Elena

The material was prepared on the basis of an individual written consultation provided as part of the Legal Consulting service.

05.09.2019

Most specialists of various levels undergo primary medical examination when hiring.

In some cases, the employer, on its own initiative, sends the applicant for a medical examination.

But sometimes it is required by the Labor Law.

What is the name of the medical examination that takes place in employment?

What kind of medical examination does one take when applying for a job? Medical examination, which almost any person undergoes upon admission to new job, is called primary preliminary.

This examination is carried out in order to find out whether a given person is capable of performing the work entrusted to him in his physical and mental state.

The list of doctors for medical examination differs depending on the specifics of the work and some of the nuances.

For some groups of workers, an initial examination for employment is mandatory, others undergo it at the request of the employer.

Article 69 and the Labor Code of the Russian Federation are considered the basis for the employer's requirements for passing the medical commission.

Is it obligatory or not to pass when entering the organization?

Upon admission to work, an employee must undergo a preliminary medical examination if the following conditions are met:

Moreover, if the position of the applicant is not included in the listed list, he has the full right to refuse to undergo a medical commission -.

But on the other hand, everything depends on the company's internal documents.

If the organization has an internal act on compulsory passage commission of all new employees, then the medical examination will have to go through or refuse the device in this organization.

The employer has the right to refuse on the grounds that the applicant does not want to undergo a medical examination. This will be legal, but only if there is an internal document or the profession is included in the list of mandatory positions for medical examination.

For whom is it mandatory?

List of professions and jobs to which apply compulsory medical examination selected not by chance.

These are either professions associated with difficulties for which excellent health is required (for example, hazardous production or work in the Far North), or positions that require compliance with increased sanitary standards (work with food, with children, in trade).

Everyone knows that sellers must have health records.

This is a requirement of the Labor Law, without such a document, the employee has no right to start his immediate duties.

Otherwise, the employer will be fined. For officials and individual entrepreneurs - 5000. And for legal entities - 50 thousand rubles or stoppage of the enterprise for 90 days.

The latter option is more often used when identifying a large number violations.

If an employee forgot to undergo a medical examination in time, then the employer has the right to fire him. It is important that the employer, when hiring a person without, can suffer greatly.

This is especially true of individual entrepreneurs who ended up paying fines. large sizes and went broke.

Who pays according to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation?

Another thing is that in recent times employers are increasingly recommending that employees go through a medical examination at their own expense. People who for a long time who were unemployed or interested in getting a specific position are forced to agree so as not to lose the vacancy.

The provision on paying for a medical examination by an employer is enshrined in Art. 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. According to this law, the employer has the right not to hire an employee who refused to undergo a medical examination, but at the same time is fully obliged to reimburse the expenses for an initial medical examination if the employee himself went through it.

Important! The employer reimburses the expenses for the medical examination only if the employee is eventually hired. Moreover, this is true in the case when medical examinations are not mandatory for the employee.

If the need to undergo a medical examination is prescribed in the legislation, then the employer is obliged to reimburse the costs, regardless of the result of the examination.

Confirmation that the applicant has passed the medical examination will be a certificate - a medical report.

In this case, the validity of the certificate is six months. If it is necessary to get a job in another organization, the applicant has the right to present a still valid certificate.

The employer's responsibility for hiring a person without going through a medical examination, if it is mandatory by law, is spelled out in Art. 5.27 of the Administrative Code.

Where to get a medical examination?

In most cases, the commission for hiring can be passed in the clinic at the place of residence of the job seeker.

The list of doctors may vary, but most often it is standard. In addition, after the polyclinic, you will have to visit a narcological dispensary and a psychiatric clinic to prove that the applicant was not registered either there or there.

This is an important condition when passing a medical examination at any enterprise.

How long is valid - validity period

If it did not work out with this employment, then the applicant leaves a certificate of passing the medical examination in his hands. In this case, the certificate is valid for 6 months.

If during this time the applicant decides to get a job in another company, then there is an opportunity to use the already available certificate.

Moreover, if it does not indicate any doctors who may be required during the initial medical examination in another organization, it will be enough to go through these specialists.

It is important that the validity period of fluorography is one year, and it is not necessary to pass it earlier, the main thing is to leave the results on hand so that the clinic staff can detect it and enter it at the next medical examination.

Which doctors should I visit?

The basic physical examination includes the following doctors who need to go through:

In addition, an ECG is performed without fail, urine, blood and fluorography are taken.

After the employer issues, the applicant must appear at the registry at the clinic.

There they will make an appointment with a therapist who will give directions for the necessary tests.

After all the test results have been received, all specialists have been passed and there are marks from the narcologist and psychiatrist, you can return to the therapist who will issue a conclusion.

The cost of the procedure depends on where to take it. State polyclinics will cost 2–3 thousand rubles, but there the period for a medical examination can last up to a week.

In private clinics, everything is faster, but it will also cost more.

Useful video

How to send an employee for a medical examination when hiring and for whom a medical examination is mandatory is described in detail in this video:

conclusions

It is not always necessary to undergo a medical examination when applying for a job. But there is a list of professions that undergo such a procedure regularly and without fail.

These include doctors, sellers, employees of government agencies and law enforcement agencies, drivers, and many others.

In addition, the employer's internal documents may indicate the need for any position to undergo a medical examination when hiring.

But in any case, the employer must pay for this, not the applicant. Otherwise, the employer will be held administratively liable.

5/5 (1)

Who is required to undergo a medical examination by law

The rule is defined at the legislative level. When employed, a candidate must undergo a mandatory medical examination to determine his fitness for work in the position held by his physical condition.

Based on Article 213 of the Labor Code Russian Federation when employed, some of the candidates must undergo a medical examination. This is necessary to identify the preparation of a person for work, as well as to identify restrictions on the performance of official duties.

The criteria for a person's physical condition when applying for a job are all completely different. For example, a sales assistant in a store may well have poor eyesight. With such a pathology, he is fit for work. But if the driver's eyesight suffers, then for medical reasons he may not be allowed to work.

Attention! Medical examination during initial employment is carried out for the following citizens:

• adult candidates for the position;
• workers who are employed in a dangerous or unhealthy place;
• workers who are employed on a rotational basis;
• drivers;
• judges;
• specialists in the food industry, food sales, catering services, food sales;
• workers of water supply facilities;
• medical personnel, qualified doctors;
• workers of preschool, school, secondary and higher education (teachers, educators, educators, technical staff).

Citizens from the above list undergo an initial medical examination. However, at the legislative level, a list of specialists for whom a medical examination must be passed twice a year or, conversely, once every two years, has been determined.

List of doctors and tests

The list of doctors that a candidate for a position must pass is always different. It all depends on the specifics of the job that the person wants to get. At the prospective place of work, the candidate is given a referral for examination, and the therapist determines the list of specialists whom the person must visit.

When employed, the candidate undergoes the following doctors:

• therapist. This is the main specialist from the list. It is to him that the candidate for the position comes first. The therapist determines which other doctors a citizen must visit to identify hidden diseases. In addition, the therapist will conduct an initial examination, which includes measurement of height, weight, and blood pressure. He makes an analysis of vaccinations, if something is missing, sends a person to put them down. And it is the therapist who issues the final conclusion;
• optometrist identifies vision problems. All candidates for the position pass it, regardless of the specifics of the work. However, the optometrist may prohibit performing certain job duties;
• surgeon reveals the general physical state of health of the candidate for the position. It detects previously acquired injuries of bones and brain, which in the future may affect the quality of work performed. If the injuries are not stopped, then this can lead to a deterioration in human health. In this case, the surgeon will not allow the candidate to work;
• psychiatrist-narcologist identifies general problems of a candidate for a position with a psycho-emotional state, as well as a person's addiction to alcoholic beverages and narcotic drugs... Psychiatrist-narcologist is one of the main specialists for examination during employment;
• otorhinolaryngologist (ENT) identifies common hearing problems. It determines if the candidate has nasal cavity and throat defects;
• gynecologist only girls pass. This is not surprising, because a gynecologist is a female doctor. The specialist conducts an initial examination of the woman, and also takes an analysis. Absolutely everyone is obliged to undergo a gynecologist, otherwise you can forget about the intended position, the therapist will not allow the candidate to work if there is no gynecologist in the list of passed doctors.

The therapist has the right to appoint other specialists for the passage, if there is an urgent need for this.

Important! In addition to visiting doctors, the candidate for the position needs to pass some tests:

• general analysis of urine and blood;
• blood chemistry;
• smear for cytology.

If the candidate gets a job related to public catering, the sale of food products, then in addition he passes the following tests:

• an analysis that detects diseases that are sexually transmitted;
• throat and nose swab;
• study for E. coli, as well as invasion.

A medical examination during employment includes not only examining doctors and taking tests, but also conducting some research.

These include:

• fluorography is necessary to determine the condition of the lungs, to exclude lung cancer, as well as tuberculosis;
• An ECG is necessary to study the functioning of the heart;
• analysis of the vestibular apparatus in the study of a candidate whose work will be related to height;
• all candidates for the position, whose work is associated with shortness of breath, undergo spirography;
• gastroscopy is provided for workers in the Far North.

Attention! Our qualified lawyers will assist you free of charge and around the clock on any issue.

List of required documents

Upon employment, a candidate for a position undergoes a mandatory medical examination. As a result, he receives a medical opinion according to the form No. 086 / y or No. 001-GS / y. But workers who pass the examination again receive this document not necessary.

As a result of the study, a citizen's medical book is filled in, which reflects the following information:

• date of issue of the book;
• name of the owner of the book;
• the name of the organization where the citizen undergoing the examination works;
• the name of the department where the employee performs his job duties;
• a complete list of factors that affect the hazard of work and create harmful conditions labor;
• the final result of the study based on the specialists passed by the citizen (it is issued by the physician therapist).

Please note! The medical book is certified by a seal and signed by the medical commission. After the examination, an appropriate record of the examination is made in the employee's personal card.

Deadline for passing the medical examination

At the legislative level, the period of validity of the conclusion on the passage of a medical examination is determined. The document is valid for six months. For example, if the candidate, after passing the examination, failed to obtain desired position, he has the right to use the certificate for employment at another place.

If for employment in another position it is necessary to undergo an extended medical examination, then it is enough for the candidate to pass the missing specialists. There is no need to spend personal funds on passing the already passed doctors.

Please note that fluorography is valid for a whole year, and not for half a year. Save the document on the examination, when you return to the doctors, you can save on lung examinations.

Where to get a medical examination

You can take a job study at any medical organization that provides such services. However, the clinic must have the necessary authorization to carry out such activities.

Usually, large companies conclude an agreement with medical centers, where in the future their employees will be examined.

However, the main disadvantage of medical centers is that their services are much more expensive than the services of similar government clinics.

As a rule, the employee does not choose the place of medical examination. This is due to the fact that when issuing a referral, the name of the organization is indicated in the document.

Watch the video. How to get a medical examination for work:

What kind of certificate should be issued

As a result of the medical examination, the therapist issues a medical opinion. However, this is not a simple medical certificate. This is a document, the form of which is regulated at the legislative level.

It is allowed to issue a conclusion of two types:

• 086 / y;
• 001ГС / у.

Document 086 / y

Conclusion on Form 086 / y is a document printed on A5 paper and filled in on both sides.

Remember! In such a conclusion, the following information must be included:

• name and number of the paper;
• the name of the clinic where the candidate was examined;
• Full name of the candidate for the position, his date of birth, place of registration, residence, contact phone number;
• a list of diseases that the candidate has transferred to the position;
• expert opinion with signature and date of the conclusion;
• information about the passage of instrumental research;
• test results;
• conclusion of the therapist on the suitability of the candidate for the position;
• date of issue of the document.

The document in form 086 / y is filled in exclusively with black or dark blue ink. The paper is signed by the head doctor of the hospital, the therapist, and also by the head of the medical commission.

The conclusion on the passage of the medical examination in the form 086 / y is drawn up in two copies. The first remains in the citizen's medical record, the second is sent to the employer.

Medical certificate 001ГС / у

The conclusion on the 001ГС / у form is practically no different from the previous document. It reflects the information that the candidate for the position does not have diseases that interfere with the employee's performance of labor duties.

However, the difference between this certificate is that in order to obtain it, it is necessary to pass only a psychiatrist-narcologist, as well as to pass primary tests.

The conclusion on the 001GS / u form is signed by the chief physician, therapist, the chairman of the medical commission

Validity of certificates

The medical examination report has a validity period.

Attention! At the legislative level, the following periods are provided, which directly depend on the form of the certificate:

• 1 year for the conclusion on the form 001-ГС / у;
• 6 months for the conclusion on the form 086 / y.

Sometimes the document is canceled ahead of schedule. This happens if the employee, after passing the examination, was on sick leave for a long time. Then the employer has the right to send the employee for a second examination.

The certificate can be used when applying for another job. However, the employer has the right not to accept such a document, but to send the applicant for a second examination. More often this is due to the different specifics of the position.

Getting a medical examination during employment is a mandatory procedure. It helps to eliminate the presence of diseases in the applicant that interfere with the performance of work duties. Thus, employers insure themselves against injury to employees associated with poor physical or psychological condition of the employee.

Medical examination: cost

The applicant undergoes a medical examination in the organization where the employer sends, so the candidate for the position has no choice. He cannot choose the medical company that charges less money for the examination.

However, if the exact name of the clinic is not indicated in the direction from the employer, then you can go through the examination in any honey. organization that provides such services and has the appropriate license.

In public hospitals, the cost of a medical examination varies from 2,000 to 5,000 rubles. It all depends on the specifics of the proposed position. For example, when employed at a catering enterprise, you will need to pass additional tests, which increases the cost of examination.

The applicant pays the commission himself. In rare cases, companies enter into an agreement with honey. organization and transfer funds to it for passing the inspection by employees.

But in any case, after presenting the receipt, the money spent on obtaining a medical certificate is returned to the employee by the employer.

Who should pay

In accordance with current legislation the medical examination is paid by the employer. This rule is enshrined in Article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

As a rule, during the initial examination, the employee independently pays for the receipt of the opinion. But after his employment, the employer is obliged to reimburse all costs associated with the study.

Important! If the examination during employment is not necessary, and the applicant passed it on his own initiative, then the employer has the right not to compensate for the costs.

To compensate for the costs of passing the commission, the applicant must provide a medical opinion, as well as a receipt for payment of the examination.

If, at the legislative level, the employer is obliged to send the employee for examination, and he did not do this during employment, then the company will be liable in accordance with Article 5.27 of the Administrative Code.

Can they be fired if not passed

If the applicant does not pass the medical examination, the employer does not have the right to accept him for the position. In case of failure to pass the periodic commission, the employee may be dismissed if he has not provided a medical opinion within four months from the moment the obligation arose.

If during this time the employee is sick and cannot perform his job duties, he is transferred to another, lighter position.

In case of a long-term illness, an employee can be fired for health reasons. If an employee is transferred for health reasons to another position with a lower salary, then the employee is reimbursed for his previous earnings.

If a person is dismissed for health reasons, he is entitled to all compensation payments provided for by the current Russian legislation.

Employee responsibility

The applicant is not entitled to refuse to undergo a medical examination. Without a medical opinion, he simply will not be hired.

Please note! If an employee refuses to undergo a periodic examination, then the employer has the right to dismiss him for health reasons. There is no other responsibility of the employee if he refuses to pass the commission.

Employer's responsibility

In the event that an employee who has not passed a medical examination is hired, the employer will face responsibility. According to Article 5.27.1 of the Administrative Offenses Code of the Russian Federation, a fine of 15,000 - 25,000 rubles is provided for individual entrepreneurs. If the company has the status of a legal entity, then the amount of the fine is increased to 130,000 rubles.

Also, the employer's responsibility is provided in the event that he did not compensate the employee's expenses for the examination. In this case, the employee must go to court.

"On the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population" does not give rise to a discrepancy: Article 34 "Compulsory medical examinations" says that workers ... are obliged to undergo preliminary and periodic preventive medical examinations upon admission to work. Individual entrepreneurs and legal entities are obliged to provide the conditions necessary for the timely passage of medical examinations by employees.

What kind of specialists should a medical worker visit before starting work (since without passing medical examinations on the basis of the same FZ-52, he cannot be allowed to perform official duties) stated in the Order of the Ministry of Health and social development RF of April 12, 2011 "On the approval of the lists of harmful and (or) hazardous production factors and work, during which mandatory preliminary and periodic medical examinations are carried out ..."

The order came into force on January 1, 2012. However, until now, it has not yet been read by the heads of cosmetology clinics to the end. According to the old tradition, they looked at the list, found an item that concerns health workers (in order No. 302n this is item 17 of Appendix 2) and decided that this was enough.

Those who had the patience to flip through Appendix 2 to the end, found that no - not enough. Indeed, other types of inspections are indicated in the note to the appendix.

Medical examinations of medical workers

Medical workers pass:

When applying for a job:

• chest x-ray;
• blood test for syphilis;
• smears for gonorrhea;
• research for the carriage of pathogens of intestinal infections and serological examination for typhoid fever (hereinafter - according to epidemiological indications);
• studies for helminthiases (in the future - at least once a year or according to epidemiological indications);
• a swab from the throat and nose for the presence of pathogenic staphylococcus (hereinafter - once every 6 months);
• Once a year examination by a dermatovenerologist, otorhinolaryngologist, dentist and infectious disease specialist (as recommended).

When conducting both preliminary (before starting work) and periodic (that is, annual) medical examinations, the health worker takes a clinical blood test (hemoglobin, color index, erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes, leukocyte count, ESR), a clinical urine test (specific gravity, protein , sugar, sediment microscopy), undergoes electrocardiography, digital fluorography or radiography in 2 projections (frontal and right lateral) of the lungs, biochemical screening: determination of glucose and cholesterol in serum.

All women examined by an obstetrician-gynecologist with conducting bacteriological (for flora) and cytological (for atypical cells) studies at least once a year; women over the age of 40 undergo mammography or ultrasound of the mammary glands once every 2 years.

All medical workers must be vaccinated in accordance with the National Vaccination Schedule approved by the Order of the Ministry of Health of Russia dated 03.21.2014.

Is it possible for an employee to undergo a medical examination on his own and is it enough to just have a medical record at the workplace?

No. The system of medical examinations itself must be organized by the head and confirmed by certain documents.

This is stated in the order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development No. 302n, but in more detail - in the territorial administration Federal Service on supervision of consumer rights protection and human well-being in the city of Moscow "On the application of the order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia No. 302n of April 12, 2011"

Carrying out a medical examination program in a clinic or beauty salon with a medical license begins with the fact that the head draws up a list of the contingent of employees available at his institution and sends it to the territorial body of Rospotrebnadzor.

This list is approved by Rospotrebnadzor, and on its basis it is possible to conclude an agreement with an organization that has a license for the type of activity.

In fact, it contains in a structured form everything that is in the medical book itself, only in the act it can be read, while in the medical book, the seals are usually inaccurate and the signatures of doctors are illegible. Therefore, there are so many fake, counterfeit books - a great temptation, anyway, no one understands anything in them ...

The former chief sanitary doctor, widely known in medical (and not only!) Circles, G. Onishchenko, assured that the medical book is the most forged document in Russia.

So, the final act is all the information about each of the employees who have passed the inspection.

It states:

• date of issue of the opinion;
• last name, first name, patronymic, date of birth, gender of the person applying for work (employee);
• employer name;
• name structural unit employer (if any), position (profession) or type of work;
• the name of the harmful production factor (s) and (or) type of work;
• the result of a medical examination (medical contraindications identified, not identified);
• the conclusion is signed by the chairman of the medical commission indicating the surname and initials and certified by the seal of the medical organization that conducted the medical examination.

Such an act is drawn up for each employee who was sent for a medical examination. In general, a general act is drawn up for the organization, and now it contains all the information in full:

• the name of the medical organization that performed preliminary inspection, address of its location and OGRN code;
• date of drawing up the act;
• employer name;
• total number of employees, including women, employees under the age of 18, employees with a persistent degree of disability;
• the number of workers employed in heavy work and in work with harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions;
• the number of employees employed in jobs, during which it is mandatory to carry out periodic medical examinations (examinations) in order to protect the health of the population, prevent the occurrence and spread of diseases, including women, employees under the age of 18, employees who have established a persistent degree of disability ;
• the number of employees subject to periodic medical examination, including women, employees under the age of 18, employees with a persistent degree of disability;
• the number of employees who have undergone a periodic medical examination, including women, employees under the age of 18, employees who have a persistent degree of disability;
• the percentage of employees covered by periodic medical examinations;
• a list of persons who have undergone a periodic medical examination, indicating gender, date of birth, structural unit (if any), conclusions of the medical commission;
• the number of employees who have not completed their periodic medical examination, including women, employees under the age of 18, employees who have a persistent degree of disability;
• a list of employees who have not completed their periodic medical examination;
• the number of employees who have not undergone a periodic medical examination, including women, employees under the age of 18, employees who have a persistent degree of disability;
• a list of employees who have not undergone a periodic medical examination;
• the number of employees who do not have medical contraindications to work;
• the number of employees with temporary medical contraindications to work;
• the number of employees with permanent medical contraindications to work;
• the number of employees in need of additional examination (no conclusion given);
• the number of workers in need of examination at the occupational pathology center;
• the number of employees requiring outpatient examination and treatment;
• the number of employees requiring inpatient examination and treatment;
• the number of employees in need of spa treatment;
• the number of employees in need of dispensary supervision;
• a list of persons with a preliminary diagnosis of an occupational disease, indicating gender, date of birth, structural unit (if any), profession (position), harmful and (or) hazardous production factors and work;
• a list of newly established chronic somatic diseases with an indication of the class of diseases according to the International Classification of Diseases - 10 (hereinafter - ICD-10);
• list of newly installed occupational diseases indicating the class of diseases according to ICD-10;
• results of implementation of the recommendations of the previous final act;
• recommendations to the employer on the implementation of a range of health-improving measures, including preventive and other measures.

Pay attention to the latter - this very complex can also be checked by the labor inspection!

When checking compliance with the sanitary and epidemiological regime in a clinic or beauty salon, representatives of Rospotrebnadzor also have the right to verify the list of employees according to the final act with the list of the contingent.

Yes, we have not yet clarified what should be indicated in the list of contingent, which is drawn up by the employer in order to approve in Rospotrebnadzor:

• employer name;
• form of ownership and type economic activity employer according to OKVED;
• the name of the medical organization, the actual address of its location and the OGRN code;
• type of medical examination (preliminary or periodic);
• surname, name, patronymic of the person applying for work (employee);
• date of birth of the person applying for work (employee);
• the name of the structural unit of the employer (if any) in which the person entering the job will be employed (the employee is employed);
• the name of the position (profession) or type of work;
• harmful and (or) dangerous production factors, as well as the type of work in accordance with the contingent of workers approved by the employer, subject to preliminary (periodic) inspections.

Health passport

Important! When conducting a medical examination in an organization that has assumed this responsibility, an outpatient card is drawn up for an employee undergoing medical examination. Since May 2015, this is form N 025 / y "Medical record of a patient receiving medical assistance on an outpatient basis ", approved by the Order of the Ministry of Health of Russia dated 12/15/2014.

In the order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development No. 302n, which entered into force in 2012, the Health Passport is already mentioned, but its controlling bodies (in particular, Rospotrebnadzor) have recently begun to check it. There are no exceptions for medical workers in private clinics, including cosmetology ones: Health passports are not issued only to those who are assigned to medical care at the FMBA of Russia.

The Health Passport must have a number, the date of its filling. And this document is constantly kept by the employee, to the organization that conducts medical examinations, it is handed over only for the duration of their passage.

Fines for non-compliance with the rules for conducting medical examinations

And another question - who pays for everything? The answer is unequivocal - a legal entity that concludes an agreement with an organization to carry out preventive and periodic medical examinations... Here comes into force Civil Code: The Contractor undertakes to do, the Customer undertakes to pay. Who is the customer of the medical examination? Clinic or beauty salon with a medical license.

And now about whether they can impose a fine for non-compliance with the rules for conducting medical examinations.

The Code of Administrative Offenses, article 5.27.1 "Violation of state regulatory labor protection requirements contained in federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation" will tell us about fines for medical examinations in 2015:

The admission of an employee to the performance of his labor duties without ... mandatory preliminary (upon admission to work) and periodic (during labor activity) medical examinations ... shall entail the imposition of an administrative fine on officials in the amount of fifteen thousand to twenty-five thousand rubles; on persons carrying out entrepreneurial activity without forming a legal entity - from fifteen thousand to twenty-five thousand rubles; for legal entities - from one hundred ten thousand to one hundred thirty thousand rubles.

Before starting work at a new place, the employee must provide a health book or a certificate of the established form. They contain information about the health status of the employee.

According to the law, the employer monitors the regularity of medical examinations. There is a mandatory one - when applying for a job, then there are periodic and, if necessary, extraordinary. The regularity of the periodic in most cases - once every two years, and under difficult working conditions - annually.

Mandatory medical examination

The direction for inspection is issued by the management of the enterprise and has an arbitrary form. The hospital issues a special form of opinion. It contains information about a potential employee: the position for which the applicant is counting, profession, work experience and insurance. It is determined what should be a medical examination when hiring, which doctors sign it.

Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation No. 302-n of 12.04.2011 provides for a procedure for passing doctors and approved a list of narrow specialists who should be passed. It indicates the types of work. Referred for and paid for by the employer.

The choice of doctors is provided by the specialty of the applicant for the job. It is possible that the composition of specialists is approved by the ministry or department in which the employee is going to work.

The approved list of narrow specialists includes an ophthalmologist, a surgeon; neuropathologist, otolaryngologist. It is according to the results of their examination that the therapist writes his conclusion.

Both those who work at the enterprise and those who find a job are required to undergo a medical examination, in accordance with Article 214 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. The employer must explain to the applicant for the position which doctors need to go through and which tests to take, since each industry has its own requirements for health. The medical examination form can also be obtained directly at the enterprise.

An employee has the right not to undergo a medical examination for employment if his position does not fall into the list specified in Art. 213 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. But if there is an internal document on the mandatory provision of a certificate, he will have to do this. If the employee refuses to go through the commission, the employer may refuse him employment with a written justification.

Analyzes and research

At the preliminary stage, potential employees undergo fluorography and cardiogram. The obligatory list also includes a number of tests (blood, urine). In the blood test, platelets, leukocytes, erythrocytes and ESR are indicated. In the urine, protein, sugar and sediment microscopy are determined. The result of a biochemical analysis is the determination of glucose and cholesterol in the blood serum.

Fluorography is required annually. This is due to the danger of tuberculosis. It is not recommended to do it more often due to the radiation of the body. If the year has not passed, the fluorography is considered valid.

According to the law, a local therapist must begin and end the examination. At the beginning of the examination, he coordinates the passage of the necessary narrow specialists. At the end, he will certify the documents and issue a final permit. Each of the doctors must put their own stamp on the form. The patient must watch carefully so that no one misses.

When they undergo a medical examination by a gynecologist, when applying for a job, attention is paid to bacteriology (studying the flora) and cytology (identifying atypical cells).

If a woman is over 40, then every two years she undergoes an ultrasound of the mammary glands.

In addition to the therapist, examination by a psychiatrist and a narcologist is required.

All the same requirements apply to minors as to ordinary employees. True, they don't need to undergo a cardiologist.
For some categories of employees, a short course of lectures and a test for knowledge of the sanitary minimum are provided. This may take several days. At this time, it is necessary to visit special centers for hygiene and epidemiology.

Medical examination reveals the presence of occupational diseases. Their statistics are being kept. Analysis of morbidity allows you to determine measures to improve working conditions.

Depending on the conditions of the future work of the employee, during the medical examination, various factors are determined that can affect the body. For example, in persons production activity which is accompanied by thermal stress, determine the thermal stability (clause 3.3 MR 2.2.8.0017-101).

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Private and public clinics

The conclusion about the passage of the medical examination is provided by both private and state polyclinics.

Visit state clinic longer due to queues. The advantage is that you don't have to pay.

The preference for a private clinic is skip the line, and the results will be available the same day But comfort comes at a price. However, not all clinics are authorized to issue medical examination certificates. A mental health certificate can only be obtained from a public hospital.

Important information

It should be noted that, according to the law, scheduled medical examinations for working citizens are mandatory once a year, and for employees of the food industry - twice a year.

Almost all officially registered polyclinics take blood tests. Their conclusions are certified by a signature and a seal. At the same time, some state medical institutions take tests for description in the same private laboratories with more modern equipment.

You need to take from the employer exact information: whether a certificate from a specific private clinic is suitable. Following labor code, the employer pays for the examination. The employee retains the right to refuse to visit those doctors whose visits are not provided for by law and are not regulated at the enterprise.

Features for different categories of workers

The Labor Code, among the categories undergoing medical examination, distinguishes people performing heavy and dangerous work, transport workers, trade and food industry workers, employees of children's and medical institutions. Those who are on long (several months) business trips and work in the Far North are under special control.

For those who work with children and food, a more thorough examination is carried out. All personnel of childcare facilities must pass it, since children are at risk for various respiratory diseases.

A thorough medical examination is also carried out in the transport sector, since those who transport people are responsible not only for their lives, but also for the health and safety of passengers.

Food service workers can infect people with various viruses that enter the body with food. In addition to standard examinations, catering workers require a baclaboratory conclusion about the absence of E. coli and other viruses. The same requirements apply to employees working in trade.

The table shows the categories of workers for whom mandatory preliminary medical examinations are also established

Consequences of not having a document on passing a medical examination

The employee's lack of a health book or other medical examination documents entails responsibility. The employer has no right to conclude with him labor contract... Punishment awaits the employer if the medical examination is overdue. For a repeated violation, an official may be suspended from work for up to three years.

The amount of the fine is up to 25 thousand rubles for individuals and up to 130 thousand for legal entities.

Refusing to undergo a physical new employee must be aware that refusal of employment by the employer will be legal.

Watch the video that will tell you in detail about the medical examination

Payment for services

The company pays for all types of medical examinations required for employees. For optimal performance, management can choose a medical institution and conclude a service agreement with it. Then on a certain day, all employees quickly pass the necessary doctors.

There is an option to pay bills to employees who have passed the inspection. They must agree on its cost with the employer. The employee writes an application for reimbursement of the cost of a medical examination and receives a payment in the first salary.

When concluding an agreement with a medical institution, it is necessary to check its license and the eligibility of providing such services.
It must be remembered that certificates are valid only for a certain time, so you should not delay their presentation at work.

If you have questions about passing a medical examination when applying for a job, write in the comments