Completed design work in biology. Examples of project activities for schoolchildren in biology

Educational project addressed to students in grades 7 - 11 for a deeper acquaintance with the academic subjects “Chemistry”, “Biology”, “Geography”.

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Project theme: “Planet in plastic packaging”

Methodical presentation:

1. Introduction;
2. Methodological passport of the educational project;
3. Project implementation;
4. Conclusions;
5. Student perceptions within a learning project.

1. Introduction:

The topic of the project was chosen taking into account the educational situation in the subjects of geography, biology, chemistry to deepen knowledge and apply it in life.

Project:

1. by type of activity – search;
2. by the nature of the subject-content area - environmental;
3. by the nature of contacts – long-term (1 academic year).

2. Methodological passport of the educational project:

• Addressing: The educational project is addressed to students in grades 7 - 11 for a deeper acquaintance with the academic subjects “Chemistry”, “Biology”, “Geography”.

Geography:

The educational project is included when studying the topics: “Interaction between man and nature” in 7th grade, “Natures of Russia” in 8th grade and “Chemical industry” in 9th grade. In 10th grade, when studying the topic: “ Global problems humanity."

Chemistry:

Included in the topics “High molecular compounds” grade 10, “Structure of matter” grade 11.

Biology:

The educational project is included when studying the topics: “Prokaryotes” 7th grade, “Man and the environment” 8th grade, “The relationship of man with the environment” 9th grade, “Cell” 10th grade, 11th grade “Global environmental problems”.

• Topics of the subject curriculum:

Geography:

Interaction of human society and nature (grade 7);

Biological resources, protection of flora and fauna. (8th grade)

Chemical industry (9th grade)

Global problems of humanity (grades 10-11);

Biology:

Diversity, structural features and origin of prokaryotic organisms (grade 7)

Man and his health (8th grade)

Biosphere and man (9th grade)

Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells (grade 10)

Biosphere and man (grade 11)

Chemistry:

Polymers (grade 11)

Biopolymers. Organic and inorganic polymers. Polymerization and polycondensation reactions (grade 10)

• Educational, developmental, educational goals and objectives:

1. Involving students in various activities and independent acquisition of new knowledge;

2. Introducing students to an understanding of environmental problems of our time;

3. Individual organization student activities and development of communication skills through work in small groups;

4. Formation of skills to logically build forecasts, projects, defend and argue your point of view

5. To form a positive emotional and aesthetic experience of students.

6. Broadening your horizons and developing interest in school subjects.

• Student age– 9th -10th grade.
• Project time– 1 academic year.

3. Providing:

• Financially technical equipment and information support:

Computer.

Camcorder

Camera

Photos from areas contaminated with plastic waste

Photos of a plastic bottle recycling workshop

Laboratory equipment and chemical reagents

Exhibition of samples of plastic packaging material

Samples of plastic bottle recycling products

Video material - interviews with city residents and housing and communal services workers

Additional attracted informational resources: reference materials, Internet resources.

• General academic skills required for students to work on a project: the impact of pollution on the environment.
• Motivation to work:

Search for causes of environmental pollution;

What is the impact of packaging material on the environment?

Methods for recycling plastic waste.

4. Study project status:

• Authors of the project – students of 9th and 10th grades.

Solyanova Ksenia 10th grade.

Erokhin Vladislav 10th grade.

Rybalsky Kirill 10th grade.

Kazakova Maria 10th grade.

Tenchurina Victoria 10th grade.

Karpushov Maxim 9 "b" class.

Sborshchikova Victoria 10th grade.

Pavlishina Polina 9 "b" class.

Klygin Anton 9 "b" class.

Geography teacher - Panfilova T.I.

Biology teacher - Trishkina O. V.

Chemistry teacher - Zaletova O. M.

• Experience of use- V educational activities;
• Extent of distribution: FKOU secondary school named after A.N. Radishcheva, Kuznetsk-12.

5.Project implementation:

Work on the project began with an excursion into nature with 9th grade students. We saw the extent of pollution of the forest area of ​​our city with plastic waste, which greatly changed its appearance. This led to the idea of ​​studying the creation of packaging material from plastic, its impact on the biosphere and methods of recycling plastic waste.

"That bird is bad,

who pollutes her nest"

(folk proverb).

Have all of humanity and each of us become like this bird?

This September school year We traditionally went on an excursion into nature to explore water, air and soil. Every time we see something serious anthropogenic impact- large piles of garbage, the bulk of which is plastic packaging. And we wondered if our planet would end up completely wrapped in plastic. Do we really need such packaging, why does so much of it accumulate in the environment, is it possible to recycle it at present?

For humans, like any species, nature is the environment for life and the source of existence. Currently, environmental problems are a very pressing issue. People especially suffer from pollution from industrial waste.

We tried to answer these questions in the course of our work.

One of the main sources of pollution is the products of the chemical industry, which acts as the “locomotive” of scientific and technological progress. The uniqueness of this industry lies in the fact that with its help people can create materials that do not exist in nature. The range of products of the chemical industry includes plastics, synthetic resins, synthetic rubber and polymers, etc.

Our research began with an integrated lesson in geography, chemistry and biology, which introduced us to plastic production. Then the students, using Internet resources, became acquainted with the production of plastic packaging (plastic bottles). The children studied in great detail the production of polyethylene terephthalate and products made from it. We compared different types of containers (plastic and glass) and identified advantages and disadvantages. At first sight, plastic container excellent packaging material. But the amount of plastic packaging increases every year not only in production, but also in waste. 260 million tons of plastic products are thrown into nature as waste. in year. Plastic waste as household garbage heavily pollutes the surface of the entire earth; rivers and streams carry it into the World Ocean, forming giant floating islands. Which cause significant damage to the Earth's ecosystem. We have proven that chemical industry It is not only an avant-garde industry, but also an environmental disaster.

Based on the integrated lesson, an idea arose to study in more detail the impact of plastic waste on the ecology of the Earth and present the material in the form of a project. Working groups were created, whose participants showed the research results in the form of reports and presentations.

The first group conducted a raid on the outskirts of our city. The guys took pictures of the resting places of the townspeople. The largest portion of the debris found was plastic bottles. Then they conducted a social survey of housing and communal services workers and city residents. The report was presented in the form of a video report.

The second group investigated the impact of plastic waste on the environment. The guys presented material about the pollution of land and the World Ocean. They showed the threat plastic waste (bottles, caps, disposable syringes, bags, etc.) pose to living organisms, causing the death of marine and terrestrial animals. Getting acquainted with the material, they discovered that nature itself activated evolutionary mechanisms and began to “create” bacteria that “eat” plastic.

Another group of students explored the possibility of recycling plastic waste. They got acquainted with the Resurs LLC plastic bottle processing plant, which is located in the Penza region in the village of Chaadaevka, the enterprise of which processes 100 tons of bottles per month. This is an excellent raw material for production paving slabs, packing tape, brooms and accessories for kitchen sets.

Students presented a research report on a given topic in the form of a report, video material and presentations at a scientific and practical conference of students at their school.

We, the students, the new generation, want to know what the future holds for us.

We want to invite people to live more rationally:

• use only environmentally friendly packaging material;
• clean and waste-free production;

Changes in the natural environment that are unfavorable for humanity can be eliminated using modern achievements.

If each of us begins to take care of nature at least at the everyday level, then we will be able to reduce the negative impact on the planet.

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“Planet in plastic packaging” Conference

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Advantages of plastic packaging over other types of packaging Areas of use of plastic packaging

Areas of use of plastic packaging Boxes Cubic containers Barrels and cans Canisters Bottles and cans Cube containers Containers Garbage containers Pallets (pallets) Buckets and cans

glass 1. Heavy 2. Transparent 3. Colors - brown or green 4. Breaks during transportation 5. Recyclable 6. Product shelf life in containers is many years

plastic 1. Weighs about 28 g 2. Transparent 3. Attractive appearance 4. Painted in various colors 5. Comfortable to hold 6. Does not break during transportation 7. Recyclable 8. The shelf life of products in containers is 2 weeks according to German standards, in Russia - up to 3 months. 9. When exposed to light, it allows ultraviolet rays and oxygen to pass in, and carbon dioxide to pass out.

Is it really useful to use plastic? Today, when we drink drinks from plastic bottles, coffee from plastic glasses, and have snacks on the go from plastic plates with plastic forks. When water flows into our houses through plastic pipes and the walls are covered with paper plastic panels, in a word, when “the plastic world has won,” it would be reasonable to ask the question, how safe is all this?.. .

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GARBAGE NEAR US Photo session from the “vacation” places of residents of the city of Kuznetsk - 12

In our town there is such a problem as unorganized waste disposal. We often witness how garbage is thrown not into bins or special containers, but right under our feet or into the bushes. We invite you to take a tour of the vacation spots of our citizens

Each person throws out about 400 kg of household waste per year, which contains food waste - 40%, waste paper - 15%, textiles - 5%, wood - 5%, household appliances– 0.5%, plastic – 20%, scrap metal – 3%, glass – 3%. And this is just garbage that ends up in landfills. How much of this garbage is thrown out in forest belts, on roadsides and other places? Let's get a look!

At the House of Officers

Behind the officers' house

Pavilion "Sura"

Path to the stadium

In the forest behind the Uley cafe

On the way to the garages

On the shore of a picturesque lake

Behind the bench at the stadium

Appeal to residents: Yes, it is possible for each individual resident of the town to change the trend of increasing discarded garbage. But we have the power to stop throwing garbage at our feet, polluting, first of all, our home and beloved city of Kuznetsk-12.

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Recycling plastic bottles

In Russia, PET bottles are not recycled en masse. In 2008, an LLC was created in the village of Chaadaevka, Penza region ( open enterprise limited liability) "Promupakovka" for the processing of plastic bottles.

This is where used plastic bottles are transformed from recyclable materials into new products.

Initially, the bottles are crushed and washed. They produce flake - plastic flakes. Shredded plastic bottles are chemically broken down into their constituent parts.

1 Granules are used to make packaging tape. The company processes 100 tons of bottles per month and produces 70 tons of packaging tape every month, that is, about 1,000 tons of products per year.

The width of the standard tape is 12 mm, thickness is 1 mm. Its strength allows it to hold a maximum weight of 1,400 kg. These products are sold in: Kazan, Samara, Voronezh, Tambov, Saransk, Togliatti, Ulyanovsk, Volgograd, Syktyvkar, Moscow.

1 Notably, plastic bottle caps are used to produce car tires, ceramic tiles that use plastic as a binder instead of cement. Many territories and sidewalks in Penza and the region are lined with these tiles. They also produce other household products.

1 PET granules are also used in other industrial areas. And it produces good raw materials for the textile industry and the production of tiles. Abrasive wheels for grinding and polishing are produced from recycled PET, after adding glass fiber to it. The Ford company casts engine covers for trucks, and Toyota molds panels, bumpers, and doors for cars from polymer compositions containing recycled PET.

Less and less surrounding nature, More and more environment! Robert Rozhdestvensky

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MINI-PROJECTS ON THE TOPIC: RECYCLING PLASTIC CONTAINERS

Shugurov Alexander

Yakupova Kamila

Maltseva Yulia Arkhipov Mikhail

Klygin Anton Makarenko Kirill

Melnikov Daniil Golovanova Alina

Karpushov Maxim

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L favorite city - Kuznetsk -12

The conference was prepared and held by: 1. Kazakova Maria 2. Sborshchikova Victoria 3. Erokhin Vladislav 4. Rybalsky Kirill 5. Solyanova Ksenia 6. Tenchurina Victoria 7. Pavlishina Polina 8. Karpushov Maxim 9. Klygin Anton 10. Teachers: Zaletova O.M., Trishkina O.V., Panfilova T.I.

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Developed by: 10th grade student Ksenia Solyanova Checked by: chemistry teacher Zalyotova O.M.

What is plastic History of plastic Difference between polymer and plastic and its production Application of celluloid Basis for the production of synthetic plastics Polymerization Polycondensation Types of plastics Basic processing methods

The first plastic was produced by the English inventor Alexander Parkes in 1855. Parks named it parkesin (later celluloid). The development of plastics began with the use of natural plastic materials. Then continued using chemically modified natural materials

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The impact of modern packaging on the environment Less and less of the environment, More and more of the environment! Robert Rozhdestvensky

Experts from the World Health Organization (WHO) claim that various toxins enter the human body thanks to plastic dishes and packaging for various food products. Stylish, colorful and original packaging for any product is, in a way, fashionable and effective brand clothing, as well as a guarantee of the effort and costs invested in the production of products. Statistics prove the fact that well-designed products in high-quality packaging are sold much easier and more expensive than similar products in “gray and faceless” packaging, or without it at all.

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student research project

Researchthe work must be completed in the following order:

1. Title page (first page, no page number)

The name is indicated educational institution, in which the work was completed, the topic of the work (no more than 7 words), the full name of the author(s), class, school, full name of the work supervisor (in full), his position and place of work, locality and year the work was completed.

1. annotation (second page, no page number)

Is brief description project (thesis statement), including the main sections of the project, such as the purpose, methods and materials, research (observations), results achieved and conclusions, as well as a brief explanation of how this project improves the quality of life. The volume of work, the number of tables, figures, illustrations, and sources used are indicated.

1. Content (third page, the number starts from there)

The main sections of the work are listed, indicating their location on the pages. The serial number is not placed next to the following sections: introduction, conclusions, conclusion, bibliography, appendix.

1. Introduction:

Includes the relevance and novelty of the chosen topic, scientific hypothesis, object and subject of research, purpose and objectives of the work.

5. Main part of the work:

• Theoretical materialon research: Briefly outlines the main scientific data on the project topic. The text of the work must contain references to the literary sources used (in the form of square brackets indicating the serial number of the source);
• Research methodology:The research method(s) and their authors, methods of primary and statistical processing collected material. The chosen methods must correspond to the purpose of the study. The progress of the study is described;
• Research results:Numerical and actual research data are processed and analyzed (tables, graphs, diagrams, drawings, etc. are included in the appendix). The text of the work provides links to each application presented.

6. Conclusions

Brief formulations of the results of the work are given, answering the questions of the assigned tasks.

7. Conclusion

Further job prospects can be given, practical recommendations, arising from this research work.

8. Bibliography

Prepared in accordance with the rules for compiling a bibliographic list.

9 . Application

Includes drawings, diagrams, diagrams, maps, photographs, etc. (must have a title). Each application must have a number.

1. Research work may include review(s), compiled by the supervisor of the work or a researcher working in this field (reviews are not included in the total scope of the work).

The research manuscript must meet the following requirements:

1. The total volume of work cannot exceed 20-25 pages, including title page, abstract, main content, findings, conclusion, bibliography, appendices.
2. Must be typed on a computer and located on one side of the sheet, printed acrossone and a half line spacing,regular font (not bold, not italic), Times New Roman, font size 12, page parameters: top, bottom, right margin - 2 cm, left margin - 3 cm;
3. The work must be presented on paper (2 copies) and electronic(on disk or floppy disk).
4. The work must be submitted in a folder or binder.

Criteria for evaluating research work:

• Relevance and novelty of the work topic;
• Correct definition of the object and subject of research;
• Compliance of the goal with the topic of the work;
• The feasibility and sequence of assigned tasks to achieve the goal;
• Correct and clear formulation of goals and objectives;
• Validity of the choice of research methodology, compliance with the objectives of the work;
• The logic of constructing a scheme of work on the project;
• Sufficiency of the collected material;
• Depth of elaboration and understanding of the collected material;
• Possession modern methods analysis of the results obtained (methods of mathematical statistics);
• Practical significance and validity of the conclusions;
• Compliance of the conclusions with the objectives of the work and the results of the study;
• Completeness and clarity of presentation of data on the implementation of project recommendations;
• Level of proficiency in special terminology used in working on the project;
• The expediency and effectiveness of using visual material in the message (drawings, photographs, diagrams, diagrams, etc.);
• Correct formatting of the list of references used, the presence of references to literary sources in the text;
• The quality of the overall design of the work.

Creative project in biology: “When there is no watch at hand.”

Valeria Vinogradova, 9th grade student, Municipal Budgetary Educational Institution Secondary School No. 7 of the urban district of the city of Sharya, Kostroma Region
Description: This material can be used by biology teachers, primary school, educators to study the topic of flower biorhythms.
Target: Creation creative project in biology.
Tasks: Collect information about flower clocks, conduct observations, create a design diagram of a flower bed.

I spend every summer in the village with my grandparents. One day I managed to make a discovery. In front of the window we had a meadow, all snow-white with many blooming daisies... Everyone said: “Very beautiful. What a snow-white meadow.” It was mid-June. One early morning I noticed that the meadow was not snow-white, but green. When I looked at the meadow around noon, the meadow was again all snow-white. I began to observe. By evening the meadow turned green again. Then I went and found a chamomile, and it turned out that it had squeezed its petals, just as if our fingers on the side of the palm were white and, clenching our fingers into a fist, we would close the white. In the morning, when the sun rose, I saw the daisies opening their palms, and from this the meadow became snow-white again. From then on, chamomile became one of the most interesting flowers for me, because daisies went to bed with me and got up with me.”

My mother and I often go to the forest. That's where I made another discovery for myself. Once, while picking strawberries, my mother bent over one plant, looked, straightened up and said that it was time to hurry up; it would soon get dark - it was already about six in the evening. It surprised me then, how did she know the time? And when I came home, there was no limit to my surprise - the clock showed exactly six o’clock.

I started studying information about plants and learned that there are flowers in nature that can be used to tell the time, i.e. there is a “flower clock”. But reading this is one thing, but checking whether it really is so is another.
I began to observe the plants in our garden plot, choosing the most common plants.

There were several problematic issues for me
Is it possible to tell time by plants?
Do flowers always show exact time, or does it depend on various factors?
Is it possible on your own personal plot grow a “flower clock”?
I put forward a hypothesis:
In some plants, flowers open in the morning, in others - in the afternoon, in others - in the evening, and in others - at night. And they also close in a certain sequence, each in its own time. This leads to the idea that in nature there is a flower clock - “flora clock”.
To test the hypothesis I:
Selected and studied popular science literature
Observed the plants in the garden plot
I created a project diagram for creating a “flower clock” flower bed.
In the 20s of the 18th century, flower clocks were invented.
The famous Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus noticed that the opening and closing of flowers of different plants occurs at certain times. At first, Linnaeus carefully observed and recorded at what time flowers opened or closed. He made a list of about 50 plants that told him the time.

Then he collected these plants and planted them in a special flowerbed in his garden, arranging them so that, by looking, it was possible to determine the time with sufficient accuracy. This circumstance formed the basis for the creation of the flower clock, “put into use” in the city of Uppsala in the twenties of the 18th century.

But he was not the discoverer. The first flower clocks were known back in Ancient Greece and in Ancient Rome
Using a live clock you can find out not only the time, but also weather changes, the timing of the onset of seasons, the best time for planting or sowing plants, fishing certain types fish, etc.
It is quite difficult to study the entire “flower language”, since the blooming of flowers depends on many factors. Therefore, I began my acquaintance with the world of flowers and their life with the simplest thing - establishing the names of plant species and the time of their flowering during the day. I started doing this work in mid-June and observed it for a month. At the same time, I kept a calendar of observations to see how various factors affected the accuracy of color readings. And during this observation period the day is the longest. Observations of flowering plants at this time are especially interesting.
Observation of garden plants.

Poppy.
Beautiful poppy field. Large flowers, towering on long stems, resemble frozen butterflies.
The plant blooms in June-July.
The flower lives for two days, then falls off.
Corolla petals open
at 5 o'clock, closes at 14-15 o'clock.

Lilies.
Perennial bulbous plant.
The plant blooms in June-July.
Flowers open at 5 o'clock and close at 19-20 o'clock.

Potato.
From the end of June, throughout July and August, potato fields are covered with white and purple flowers.
In the early morning, between 6-7 o'clock, potato flowers open and in the afternoon, at 14-15 o'clock, they close.
Potato is a herbaceous tuberous plant 60-100 cm high, of the Solanaceae family.

Bell.
Bluebell is a herbaceous perennial plant.
The flowers are blue, blue-violet or light purple (rarely white).
Blooms in June - July.
Flowers open at 7 o'clock and close at 19 o'clock.

Marigold.
Marigold
Marigolds are a genus of annual and perennial plants from the Asteraceae, or Asteraceae, family.
They bloom profusely from June until frost.
Flowers open at 8 o'clock and close at 15-16 o'clock.

Calendula
The yellow-orange daisy flowers of this plant are known to everyone. It is often sown around flower beds and scattered on lawns.
It blooms for a long time from the beginning of June to the end of October.
Flowers open at 9 o'clock and close at 16-17 o'clock.

I was wondering what the flower is oriented towards, what causes the uneven growth of the tepals? Most often it is light and darkness, which is easy to verify from experience.
I conducted an experiment, early in the morning I covered several still unbloomed marigolds with a bucket, and opened them closer to noon. The day was clear and sunny, the tight green buds opened literally before our eyes. I carried out the same experiment in cloudy weather; the opening of the bud occurred a little later, however, in both cases, immediately after removing the shading, the flowers will still be closed, contrasting with their relatives growing in the immediate vicinity.
Along with lighting, air temperature also affects the opening and closing of flowers. So, if cut lilies are placed in a warm room, the flowers will begin to open, but in a cool place they will remain closed.
I found out the reason for the ability of plant flowers to open and close at certain times
First of all, this is due to the influence of sunlight.
Air humidity and temperature also have a certain influence on circadian rhythms.
The daily rhythm of petal movement is the result of uneven growth of the upper (inner) and lower (outer) sides.
While observing the flowers of a particular plant, I noticed that they bloom at approximately the same time. Of course, on a clear day and in inclement weather, the inflorescences of almost all plants do not bloom at the same time. On a sunny morning, the flowers of most flowering plants will bloom earlier, rushing towards the light and warmth. If the sky is overcast, the flowers are in no hurry to “wake up”, and even more so in the rain, they will remain closed, saving pollen for insects. In general, we can say that flowers of the same species “awaken from sleep” at their own specific time.
After conducting research and observation, I came to the conclusion:
Indeed, you can tell the time by some colors.
Flowers do not always show the exact time, it depends on various factors - light, heat
Next summer I plan to plant live flower clocks in the garden bed. I will design the flowerbed in the form of a modular flower garden.
A modular flower garden is a decorative design using various flower arrangements in containers.
I present to your attention a project diagram of a flower clock for my future flower bed.

Themes research work in Biology

Biology project topics:

The aroma of health
Aromatherapy in the lives of junior schoolchildren.
Aromatherapy at home
Fauna Architects
Bactericidal effect of phytoncides.
Biologically active substances. Vitamins.
Biologically active additives.
Biological methods for controlling pests of indoor plants.
Biological significance of fat-soluble vitamins.
Biological weapons and bioterrorism.
Biology in everyone's life
Biology in professions
Developmental biology as a function of time.
Biology. Reproduction.
Bioluminescence
Biometric features of the papillary pattern.
Biometric study of the influence of a person’s dermatoglyphic features on his character, abilities, and behavior.
Bionics. A technical view of living nature.
Biorhythms around us
Biorhythms of life
Biorhythms - human internal clock
Biorole of vitamins
Human biophysics
Biochemical diagnostics of the fatigue process.
Gemini - the miracle of life
Twins. Similar or not?
Bread diseases
Paper and its properties.
Vegetarianism: pros and cons.
The influence of living and dead water on living organisms.
The influence of insect pests on the green spaces of my city.
Effect of salts heavy metals for plasmolysis of the plant cell protoplast.
The influence of phytoncidal plants on living organisms.
The influence of phytoncides on the safety of products.
Effect of bleach on proteins
The influence of various conditions on the growth and reproduction of yeast.
Water is the most amazing substance on Earth.
Water is the source of life
Water is the basis of life on Earth.
Water that gives life
The effect of electric current on plant cells.
The emergence of life on Earth
The emergence and development of conditioned reflexes.

Identification of the most favorable factors for preserving the freshness of milk.
Identification of stringy (potato) bread disease and ways to prevent it.
Gifts flora and beauty
A summer cottage as an ecosystem.
Natural scientific justification of some folk signs.
Living and dead water - myth or reality.
Living “monsters” - a variety of deep-sea living organisms.
Dependence of photosynthesis intensity on external conditions.
Dependence of photoperiodic reactions on the influence of light on the plant organism.
The meaning of inbreeding.

Green blanket of the Earth
Study of the influence of musical sounds on humans and animals.
Study of patterns of temporal and geographical variability in the timing of seasonal development of nature.
Study of the inheritance of left-handedness traits in a family.
The study of inheritance of traits by pedigree.
Studying the characteristics of the emergence and manifestation of fears in 7th grade school students.
Studying the problem of schoolchildren's fear of public speaking.
Studying the work of yeast in dough
Test of appetite
Study of individual biorhythms.
Study of the relationship between the lifestyle of a schoolchild and his body density.
Study of the influence of individual factors on the course technological process preparation of yeast dough and the quality of products made from it.
Study of the influence of noise and music on human memory and attention.
Study of water hardness of various natural sources in the area.
The Red Book is an alarm signal.
Forest calendar
About some ways to survive in nature.
They are next to us - rare and endangered animals (plants).
Determination of water quality using biotesting.
Soil is the storehouse of earth
Natural disasters.
Natural weather forecasters.
Natural clock
Problems of survival on a hike.
Weather forecast by signs.
Lifespan
Beekeeping products in cosmetology.
Jet motion in wildlife.
Modern breeding methods
Creation of a manual for solving genetic problems.
Methods of distribution of fruits and seeds in different ecosystems.
Transpiration and photosynthesis
Friction in the plant world.
Kingdom of Prokaryotes
Enzymes – elixirs of life
Enzymes are biological catalysts.
Physiognomy
Phytoncides
Phytoncides and their effect on microorganisms.
Photosynthesis
Functions of proteins
Functions of proteins in the body.
Chemoluminescence.
The miracle of zootherapy
Evolution of the Earth and natural selection.
Evolution around us
Electricity in plant life.

Research topics on trees and shrubs:

Australian giant
Adaptation of wild trees and shrubs in city landscaping.
Adventive trees and shrubs on the territory of the village.
Birch - tree of miracles
Birch is a sacred tree of the Ob Ugrians.
Birch in human life
Birch in the school garden landscaping.
Birch - tree of life
Birch is a tree of life and health.
Willow - a symbol of spring
News from the forest about the wild rose.
News from the forest. Birch
evergreen tree
Evergreen beauty of the forest.
Grape
The influence of raspberry fan garter on the onset of ripening and fruit quality.
Influence harmful factors for the fruit
The influence of light on the growth and development of birch
Effect of temperature and light on the coffee tree.
The influence of poplar on human health.
The influence of plant photosynthesis on the onset of “bird cherry cold” and “Indian summer”.
Second life of the forest
Growing and propagation of pyramidal poplar.
Blue spruce
Tree outside the window
Trees and bushes near the school.
Trees of our region
Primrose trees
Oak and everything around it.
A living factory in the leaves.
Green tea
Studying the vital state of green spaces in the vicinity of the school.
Study of modification variability in deciduous plants during leaf fall.
Study of the physiological response of common birch (Betula alba L.) to soil salinization with NaCl.

How to preserve spruce?
Cedar is a breadwinner and healer.
Beautiful birch tree
Maple
When does the birch tree wake up?
Larch
Leaf fall in plant life

Juniper
Morphology and dynamics of shoot development in domestic apple and hybrid cotoneaster.
Muraya is an exotic healer. Medicinal properties, growth, development and reproduction.
Damage to oak plantations by powdery mildew and methods of plant protection.
Russian birch
Sacred trees of the Mari people.
Pine
Secrets of the thuja
Factors influencing the change in color of leaves of trees and shrubs.
Photo identification of trees and shrubs in the school area.
Apple tree and apple
Amber - magical tears of trees.

Research Paper Topics on Plants

Project topics on plants:

The influence of “living” and “dead” water on the growth and development of plants.
Adaptation of plants to high temperatures.
ABC of plants in my region
The relevance of growing flax in my country.
Biological development of local varietal and wild cereals against the background of agrotechnical practices.
Biology. Species of bryophytes.
In the world of lichens
What is cannabis to blame?
Vegetative propagation of plants
Mutual influence of plants
Mutual adaptations of plants and insects
Species composition and distribution features of aquatic species.
lake plants
Species composition of vegetation in the area.
Species composition of herbaceous plants growing near springs in the area.
The influence of the Moon on the growth and development of plants
The influence of nitrogen fertilizers on plant growth and development.
The influence of nitrogen fertilizers on the formation of green mass.
The effect of antibiotics on plant germination and growth.
The influence of hydrogel on the rate of germination of seeds of plants of different growing seasons.
The influence of reserve nutrients of cotyledons on the growth and development of seedlings.
The influence of Pb2+, Cu2+ and H+ ions on plant growth and development.
The influence of magnetic water on the life of plants.
The effect of urea on seed germination and subsequent seedling growth.
The influence of music on plants.
The influence of music on the growth and development of plants
The influence of illumination on the growth and development of plants.
The influence of nutrients on plant growth processes.
The influence of soil on plant growth and development.
Effect of light duration on the movement of wood sorrel (Oxalex acetosella) leaves.
The influence of various biostimulants on the germination of garden plants.
The influence of different types of soil on plant development.
The influence of various musical styles on the growth and development of plants.
The influence of growth regulators on plant regeneration processes.
The influence of light, heat and water on the growth and development of plants.
The effect of silver water on plants
The influence of words and music on the growth and development of plants.
The influence of sunlight and soil quality on plant growth and development.
The influence of sunlight on the process of photosynthesis in plants.
The effect of tobacco smoke on plant growth.
The influence of the heat of mineral substances on the awakening of plants from winter sleep.
The influence of heat, moisture and light on plant growth.
The effect of peat tablets on plant growth
The influence of fertilizers on plant growth and development.
Do they influence good words on plant growth?
Do fertilizers affect plant growth and development?
Water is the basis of plant life
Aquatic plants of the lake
Take protection. Rare plants.
Magic nettle shirts - fairy tale or reality?
Wild plants in our diet.
Datura - a killer plant?
Mysterious plant - bamboo
Green plant under the snow. Ledum.
The importance of mineral nutrition for plants.
Studying the species diversity of plants in my village.
Studying the species diversity of herbaceous wild plants in the school site.
Studying the influence of pyramids on seed germination, growth and development of plants.
Studying the effect of light on plants.
Study of the long-term influence of electromagnetic radiation from a high-voltage power line on awnless brome and creeping wheatgrass.
Study and morphological description of weeds in my area.
Study of honey plants in the outskirts of the city.
Study of the plant pigment system involved in photosynthesis.
Study of herbaceous plants in the school grounds
Smoothed iris is a rare plant in the vicinity of the lake.
The use of associative diazotrophs in the cultivation of green manure plants.
Human use of weeds.
Study of the influence of spring fires on grass growth.
Study of a group of plants related to weeds. Their role in nature.
How plants adapt.
How do plants travel?
How do plants reproduce?
Reed as a biological cleaning agent Wastewater containing lead ions.
When do the roots wake up? Establishing the dependence of the appearance of the root system of plants on the time of year.
Coral reefs
The cosmic role of green plants.
Watercress as a bioindicator of soil and snow.
Honey plants
Variety of ferns
Can a plant grow without a root? Secrets of the growing season.
Unknown soybean
Unknown clover.
Ontogenetic strategy of creeping wheatgrass.
Plant pollination
Be careful - poisonous plants!
Parameters of the structure of plants that facilitate the flow of water through them.
Petunia garden
Angiosperms
Wormwood - the herb of nomads
Duration of deep dormancy in different plant species.
The path to the light, or the ability of plants to find a way out of difficult situations.
Development of a plant from a bud
Development of a plant from a seed
Plants in legends and traditions
Plants in mythology
Plants are symbols of different countries.
Plants are predators
Plants listed in the Red Book.
Barometer plants
Giant plants
Indicator plants
Plants-dyes.
Migrant plants
Flora of the taiga.
Symbolic plants
Predatory plants.
Clock plants
Flora of swamps.
Traveling plants.
Common lumbago
Variety of mosses
Sundew is a hunter plant.
Fern family. Male shieldweed.
Taxonomy of angiosperms.
Weeds: friends or enemies?
Spore plants
Methods of propagation of Siberian princeling and its use for landscaping garden plots.
Methods of seed dispersal in weeds.
Plant growth stimulants
Amazing jungle plants.
Amazing plants of planet Earth.
Amazing predator plants
Photosynthesis, or the greatest secret of the green plant.
Poisonous plants
Poisonous plants of our region.

Research topics on Houseplants

Project topics on indoor plants:

ABC on the windowsill.
Aloe is the green doctor on the windowsill.
Aloe is the green doctor at the window
Vegetative propagation of Chinese hibiscus by green cuttings.
Vegetative propagation and cultivation of Uzambara violet.
Vegetative propagation of plants and the influence of abiotic factors on the development of indoor plants.
Lady's slipper, or northern orchid.
The influence of external factors on the growth and development of indoor plants.
The influence of heteroauxin on the formation of the root system in Saintpaulia.
The influence of classical music and rock music on the growth and development of Uzambara violet.
The influence of indoor plants on creating a healthy office microclimate.
Influence mineral fertilizers on the growth of zonal pelargonium.
The effect of nettle infusion on the growth and development of violets.
The effect of watering on the life of indoor plants
The influence of various conditions on the growth and development of indoor flowers.
The influence of various factors on the growth and development of indoor plants.
The influence of light on the germination and growth of the cultivated pansy plant (viola).
The influence of light on the growth and development of indoor pelargonium (geranium) plants.
The influence of soil properties on the development of indoor plants of the pelargonium genus.
The influence of the content of mineral salts on the rate of formation of adventitious roots in geranium cuttings.
The influence of aloe juice as a biostimulant on plant development.
The influence of the substrate on the duration of rooting of Uzambara violet cuttings, their survival rate and yield planting material.
The influence of the substrate on the rooting of cuttings of indoor plants.
The influence of lighting conditions on the growth and development of indoor lantana plants.
The influence of lighting conditions on the growth and development of Ruellia low.
The influence of physiologically active substances on the growth of date palms under indoor conditions.
The influence of chlorophyll on the adaptive abilities of plants.
All about cacti
Oxygen release by leaves of indoor plants.
Growing wild plants indoors.
Growing wild coniferous plants indoors.
Growing corals at home.
Growing tangerine from seed
Growing a tangerine tree at home.
Growing cucumbers indoors
Growing wheat at home.
Growing plants in bonsai style.
Growing plants from seeds of exotic fruits.
Growing plants in aqueous solutions
Growing Uzambara violet indoors.
Growing fruit plants indoors
Growing cotton indoors and studying its sensitivity to pollutants.
Revealing the best way preparing garlic for planting to obtain the maximum amount of vitamin products in room conditions.
Heteroauxin as a stimulator of root system development.
Dracaena deramensis. Growing and keeping indoors.
Perfume for the home
Dependence of the development of peperomia (Peperomia-Pixie) on the degree of illumination.
Green pharmacy on the windowsill. Lemon.
Green doctor in my house
Greens all year round

Studying the process of plant respiration using geranium as an example.
Study of phytoncidal activity of indoor plants
Study of tissue juices of various indoor plants.
Interesting information about pomegranate and experience of growing it at home.
Study of the biological characteristics of pelargonium.
Research on the possibility of growing citrus fruits indoors.
How to quickly grow cedar at home.
How to grow a date palm at home.
How to grow a flowering cactus
How to help indoor plants.
What does homemade tangerine taste like?
Cactus - a prickly friend
Cacti and computers
Cacti, their types, features of care and reproduction.
When flowers sleep
Indoor floriculture and experiments with flowers.
Houseplants
Houseplants in the classroom
Houseplants in our lives.
Houseplants - biology room.
Houseplants hazardous to human health.
Healing indoor plants
Houseplants. Uzambara violet.
Indoor healer aloe
Lemon Wizard
Growing using the "wet chamber" method.
Is it possible to grow a large cactus at home?
Is it possible to grow a plant in a closed glass jar?
Can the dandelion plant be used as food?
Observation of the growing season, flowering and heterotrophic nutrition of the Venus flytrap.
Vegetable garden on the windowsill. Growing tomatoes indoors.
Determining the best method for propagating Uzambara violets in winter period in a school setting.
Fruit garden on the windowsill
Rules for successful cactus grafting.
Dust-collecting abilities of indoor plants.
Propagation of indoor begonia plant by leaf cuttings.
Propagation of coleus by stem cuttings
Propagation of cyclamen by seeds and tubers.
Propagation of Saintpaulias by leaf cuttings.
Cyperus plant
Rare orchids
Saintpaulia - Usambara violet.
The ability of indoor plant leaves to trap dust.
Methods of propagation of Sansevieria.
Usambara violet
Uzambara violet and its cultivation at home.
Conditions for growing violets
Violets
Violets are my favorite flowers.
Phytoncidal activity of indoor plants
Exotic garden on the window
Poisonous indoor plants and their effect on human health.

Research topics on Medicinal plants

Project topics on medicinal plants:

Anatomical and morphological features of plantain plants and biological productivity in assessing the state of the urban environment.
Evergreen medicine man: aloe.
The influence of external factors on the life activity of Aloe vera.
The effect of epin on the productivity of valerian officinalis.
Wild medicinal plants of Baraba.
Larkspur is a protected plant.
Green pharmacy against cough.
Green laboratory
Green healers
Green doctor in my house
Golden mustache is a medicinal plant.
Study of indoor plants that have medicinal properties.
Ginger: what is this miracle plant?
Use of medicinal plants of our region.
Research on the healing properties of dandelion.
Nettle
Nettle. What do I know about her?
Medicinal plants
Medicinal plants from my garden.
Medicinal plants of our region.
Medicine under your feet
Treatment with parsley
Medicinal properties of rose hips.
Dandelions are our healers
Plantain is a healer of all times.
Natural pharmacy. What do we know about her?
Chamomile is a wildflower.
Nettle fabric
Healing properties of green tea.

Research Paper Topics on Flowers

Project topics about flowers:
Aster
To the land of the blooming lotus
Victoria: name or plant?
The influence of water, soil and light on the life of flowers.
The influence of growth regulators and fertilizers on the development and decorative properties of Chinese aster.
The influence of compliance with hyacinth growing technology on its growth.
The effect of sunlight on the growth of gladioli.
The influence of growth stimulants on the survival rate of green phlox cuttings.
The influence of seedling growing conditions on further development plants of the genus
The influence of corm storage conditions on the growth and development of gladioli.
Forcing hyacinth by March 8th - “Gift for Mom.”
Forcing tulips in winter
We'll grow tulips ourselves and then give them to mom.
Growing asters in seedlings in open ground.
Growing oak trees
Growing peony evasive from seeds.
Growing tulips from bulbs.
Hyacinth - "flower of rain"
Studying varieties of marigolds
Using the culture of annual dahlias in landscaping a balcony.
Study of the development of rose plants in an artificial environment.
Study of storage conditions for flower bouquets.
How to create a flower clock.
How to care for roses
Lotus - flower of eternity
Lotuses
Primroses
Snowdrop in autumn: reality or fiction?
Rose - queen of flowers
Tulip - a miracle in winter
Golden italmas flower.
Flower of my homeland.
Flowers and color. Why are all the flowers different colors?
Tundra flowers.

Alpine slide in the yard.
Apothecary garden
Vitamagic, or a remedy for sadness. (Lettuce salad).
The influence of atmospheric precipitation on the yield of cultivated plants.
The influence of humic fertilizers on the growth and productivity of vegetable crops.
The influence of the qualitative composition of irrigation on the germination and growth of dill seeds.
The influence of magnetic and electrostatic fields on the rate and degree of germination of seeds of cultivated plants.
The influence of a magnetic field on the germination of grain seeds.
The influence of mineral fertilizers on barley yield.
The influence of inorganic fertilizers on plant growth and development.
The influence of watering and mineral fertilizers on the crop.
The influence of pre-sowing seed treatment on the growth and development of cereal crops.
Influence in various ways pollination on the yield and quality of sunflower seeds.
The influence of different soil conditions on the development of barley.
The influence of succinic acid solutions of different concentrations on seed germination.
The influence of root formation stimulants on the quality of planting material of lavender angustifolia.
Influence chemical composition soil for germination of oat and wheat seeds.
The influence of the chemical composition of seeds on the amount of water absorbed during swelling.
Revival of flax

Growing Peanuts
Growing feed corn.
Glucose as a chemical in cereals and legumes.
Biennial garden plants
Ornamental plants.
For health in the garden!
Infestation of cereal grains
Green pharmacy in grandma's garden.
Studying the yield of different varieties of radish.
Ginger: what is this miracle plant?
How to grow a sunflower from a seed
How to get a rich harvest on bad lands.
How bread grows
How zucchini was born
How I grew a sunflower.
How I grew bread
How I extracted sunflower oil.
Corn is the queen of fields
Medicines in the garden.
Schisandra chinensis
Local varieties of black currant.
Vegetables as medicinal plants.
Sunflower
Sowing qualities of winter wheat seeds depending on age.
Rare vegetables in the garden
Sweet corn protects the health of the nation.
Varietal study of black currant in home garden conditions.
Soy: harm and benefit?
Spirea
A convenient way to plant garden strawberries.
What is amaranth and what is it for?

Research Paper Topics on Potatoes

Project topics about potatoes:

Alternative way growing potatoes.
Ah, potatoes!
Bardym potatoes are the best potatoes.
The influence of legumes on potato yield
The influence of peas on potato yields
The influence of the size of planting material on potato yield.
The influence of hilling on the development of tubers and potato yield.
The influence of the position of potato seeds during planting on yield.
The effect of planting potatoes with a downward cut and an upward cut on its yield.
The influence of planting material on potato yield.
The effect of potato germination on germination
Effect of the growth regulator epin on potato yield.
The effect of a stimulating cut on potato tubers on the yield.
The effect of removing buds and flowers on potato yield.
The influence of phytohormone on potato growth.
All about potatoes
A profitable way to plant potatoes
Growing potatoes indoors.
Growing potatoes in milk cartons.
Dependence of potato yield on the amount of sprouts breaking off.
Dependence of potato yield on planting material.
Study of the influence of planting dates and hilling methods on potato yield.
Study of the dependence of potato yield on planting material.
Study of the dependence of potato yield on different planting methods.
Study of the yield and taste of different potato varieties in my garden.
Potatoes are the second bread
Potatoes and their propagation by sprouts.
Potatoes as a source of electrical energy.
Potatoes are the best food.
Methods for obtaining an early potato harvest.
Potato propagation in different ways.
Reproduction promising varieties potato sprouts.

Pepper

Research paper topics on pepper:
Bell pepper. Variety selection.
Growing bell peppers at home

Research Paper Topics on Peas

Project topics about peas:

Explosive peas.
The influence of laser radiation on the germination of pea seeds.
The influence of natural biological stimulants on the germination of pea seeds.
The influence of the environment on the germination of pea seeds.
The influence of different types of irrigation on the growth of peas.
Will all pea seeds germinate?
Study of morphological features of pea samples.
Stages of development and formation of pea fruits.

Beet

Research topics on beets:
The influence of mineral fertilizers on the yield of beets cultivated in risky farming conditions.
The influence of organic and mineral fertilizers on the productivity of red beets cultivated under risky farming conditions.
The influence of various fertilizers on the yield of red beets.
Studying the influence of moon phases on the growth and yield of table beets.
Study of the agrochemical characteristics of soils in the region for the purpose of growing sugar beets.
Varietal study of beets.

Beans

Research paper topics on beans:
The influence of light on plant growth and development (using the example of beans).
The effect of tobacco smoke on a growing organism (bean sprouts).
Growing various varieties of climbing beans in the garden.
Dependence of shoot growth intensity on the action of putative stimulants and inhibitors using the example of common beans and corn.
Study of bean sprouts.

Watermelon and Pumpkin

Research paper topics on watermelon and pumpkin:
Growing watermelon in temperate climates.
Growing watermelons in seedlings in closed ground.
Growing pumpkin
Her Majesty the pumpkin.
Studying different varieties of watermelons.
Pantry of vitamins – watermelon
Lagenaria, or bottle gourd
Observation of the growing season of decorative pumpkin.

Berries

Topics of research papers about berries:
Far Eastern pharmacy of wild nature. Cowberry.
Cloudberry - the queen of berries
Cloudberry is a miracle berry.
Berry Cranberry.

Mushrooms

Research topics on mushrooms:
Pick mushrooms in the forest
In the kingdom of mushrooms.
Ubiquitous mushrooms
The influence of urbanization on the distribution of mushrooms and their species composition.
Influence of factors external environment on the development of mold fungi.
The harm and benefits of mushrooms, their role in human life.
Growing oyster mushrooms at home.
Identification of conditions for the development of mold fungi. Their role in nature and for humans.
Oiler mushroom growing in our forests
Mushroom: plant or living organism?
Mushroom Kingdom
Mushrooms and their medicinal properties.
Mushrooms of our forest
Fungi are natural decomposers.
Snowdrop mushrooms
Mushrooms: plants or animals?
Why do the forest need mushrooms?
The importance of tinder fungi in nature and human life.
Studying methods of propagation and preservation of mushrooms in forests.
What different mushrooms...
Lichens as bioindicators of the ecological state of the environment.
Lichens are indicators of air purity.
Lichens. Union of algae and fungus.
fly agaric
Edible mushrooms
Such mysterious oyster mushrooms.
Kombucha and its effect on the human body.
Chaga.

Seaweed

Research topics on algae:
Algology and chemistry of seaweed.
The influence of external conditions on the life activity of Elodea canada.
Water workers.
Algae and their role in human life.
Study of the influence of changes in environmental factors on the photosynthesis of Vallisneria and Elodea.
Some features of the species composition of algae of the pondweed family.
Lesser duckweed and common chlorella are indicators of water pollution with oil and drilling fluids.
This amazing chilim.

Mold

Research paper topics on mold:
Mysterious mold.
Research on mold development.
Mold is a dangerous disease of bread.
Mold that eats starch
Mold: conditions of occurrence and role in human life.
The appearance of mucor in the bread bin, or the influence of plant phytoncides on the growth of mucor.

Let's look at examples of biology projects for schoolchildren.

Project "Plants of our region" (interdisciplinary information project). Students recall the main characteristics of dicotyledonous plant families, practice skills in working with identification cards based on herbarium specimens, and carry out project work. In the first lesson, students are divided into 7 groups (according to the number of families of plants being studied: cruciferous, rosaceae, nightshade, leguminous, asteraceae, cereals, lily). Each group carries out project work about plants of our region of the family they have chosen.

Objective of the project:

create a book about plants of our region (for a specific family).

Project objectives:

collect material about 15 representatives of this family;

select illustrations;

find riddles, legends, poems;

create puzzles or crossword puzzles;

design a book. school biological age education

They design their books in computer science lessons, practicing the skills of typing text, scanning pictures, making tables, etc.

The last 2 lessons include presentation of books (defense of project work) and reflection.

Project "Natural Science Museums of St. Petersburg" (interdisciplinary information project).

Objective of the project:

create a page on the school website about natural science museums in our city.

Project objectives:

collect material about natural science museums in our city;

select illustrations;

find or develop travel routes from school to museums.

Projects "General Biology 10-11" (interdisciplinary information project).

Students are familiar with the basic material and at the beginning of the course, students are invited to choose information projects on the topics of the course.

History of the development of biology and research methods in biology.

Cytology is the science of cells.

Inorganic substances in the cell.

Organic substances in a cell.

Organelles in a cell.

Noncellular life forms, prokaryotes, eukaryotes.

Energy metabolism in the cell.

Plastic exchange in a cell.

Forms of reproduction in a cell.

Ontogenesis.

History of the development of genetics and its methods.

Variability.

Methods for studying human genetics.

Hereditary diseases.

Evolutionary teachings.

Driving forces of evolution.

Micro and macroevolution.

Basic selection methods.

Biotechnology.

Hypotheses about the origin of man.

Anthropogenesis.

Race, racial studies and racism.

Fundamentals of ecology.

Modern ideas about the origin of life.

The main stages of the origin of life on Earth.

Evolution of the biosphere.

By this time, they are well familiar with project activities and clearly understand what is required of them. Depending on the amount of information, project work can be performed by 1 to 3 people. It turns out that during the course each student takes part in a project. The guys are interested in the work, listen carefully and take notes on the speeches, ask questions to the speakers, critically evaluate the work and the performance, knowing that tomorrow they will be speaking in this place.

Objective of the project:

reveal the topic of the project by collecting and analyzing information sources.

Project objectives:

collect information on a given topic;

After analyzing the information, create the necessary diagrams and tables;

build the presentation and material in such a way that classmates can prepare for a test on this topic.

The project method is also used directly in biology lessons. For example, in 6th grade, when studying botany, students must complete laboratory works on plant taxonomy, but, as a rule, there is sorely not enough time for this. After students become familiar with the main characteristics of families of flowering plants and the rules for working with identification cards, a lesson “Find out who is in front of you” is taught. At the beginning of the lesson, the class is divided into 5 groups (5 people each), which occupy prepared tables in the classroom. Each group receives 5 herbarium specimens with cards to identify plants.

On a separate table there is information about these plants (prepared in advance by the teacher).

Mini-project goal:

determine the name of the plant.

Mini-project objectives:

practice skills in working with identification cards;

collect material about the plants you worked with;

prepare a report (written and oral).

Students work for 30 minutes. Then each group makes a report (3 minutes each). The grade for the lesson consists of grades for written and oral reports.

Presentations as a product project activities.

The development of new information and communication technologies requires a different approach to teaching school subjects. The increasing flow of information is better absorbed by students if it is presented in an accessible, visual form. Working with presentations meets these requirements.

Ready-made presentations on biology can be offered by the teacher as a visual and brief aid when studying new material, consolidating knowledge, and correcting knowledge. The most effective work is in collaboration "student - biology teacher - computer science teacher." At the same time, conditions are created for the implementation creative potential students, developing interest in the subject. The student himself, creating a presentation, rethinks the information received and passes it on to his classmates. At the same time, the quality of the student’s knowledge increases.

Presenting the material in the form of presentations takes little class time, without losing the effectiveness of learning. This is most valuable when revising material and preparing for exams.

The acquired skills of working with scientific literature and Internet resources contribute not only to educational activities and choice of profession, but also enrich the life experience of a teenager.

The teacher, working in collaboration with students, creates a methodological collection of presentations that can be used when studying new topics, and when repeating, and when individually correcting knowledge.

A 7th grade student presented a project on the topic “Study of electromagnetic radiation from household electrical appliances.”

Purpose: Study of electromagnetic radiation in the apartment of an average Vologda resident.

Object of study: apartment of the average Vologda resident. ?Subject of research: electromagnetic radiation of the apartment. ?Hypothesis: There are places in the apartment with very strong electromagnetic radiation from devices.

You can check the level of electromagnetic radiation yourself. The test is not laboratory, but it will show the presence and approximate strength of radiation.

Turn on the appliances that you use most often - computer, TV, microwave, toaster, iron, electric kettle, it's not a mistake iron and electric kettle. The refrigerator does not need to be turned on; it is always plugged in, but it works periodically.

Approach the switched on device with a radio receiver. You will hear crackling, squeaking and various noises. The stronger the noise, the stronger the electromagnetic field, therefore, the more harmful the device under test.

Walk along the walls with the radio on; electromagnetic waves from equipment operating behind the wall in other rooms penetrate through them. It is advisable to rearrange beds or chairs if they are located in an area of ​​strong electromagnetic waves. The results are presented in Table 9 and Figure 1.

Table 9 - Study results

Device name	EM Radiation Degree
Computer
Microwave
Washing machine
TV
Fridge

Figure 1 - Study results

Having carried out our measurements, we came to the conclusion: the refrigerator emits the strongest electromagnetic waves. In second place is the vacuum cleaner. On the third - a computer. The last one is the iron.

The results of our study are almost identical to the results of studies on the Internet.

Thus, our hypothesis that there are places in the apartment where there will be very strong electromagnetic radiation from devices was fully confirmed during the experiment.

The following measures can be proposed to protect against electromagnetic radiation from household appliances.

When purchasing household appliances, pay attention to the mark indicating that the device complies with the requirements of the International Standards sanitary standards acceptable levels of physical factors when using consumer goods in domestic conditions."

Remember that the lower the power of a household appliance, the lower the level of its field, that is, the harmfulness.

If possible, purchase equipment with automatic control.

Place household appliances at a distance of at least 1.5 m from the place where you are constantly: sleeping, resting or working.

Do not turn on several magnetic field sources at the same time.

Try to ensure that the wires do not form “rings” and “loops”.

Since electromagnetic radiation comes from all parts of the monitor (many measurements have shown that the level of radiation on the sides and back of the monitor is higher than in the front), it is safest to install the computer in the corner of the room or in an area where those who are not working on it will not be exposed to on the side or behind the car.

Do not leave the equipment working in stand-by mode overnight; in other words, the red light on the panel should go out.

Thus, during the study, electromagnetic radiation was studied as a physical phenomenon. Its influence on a living organism has been revealed. A study was conducted of the apartment of an average Vologda resident, according to the developed methodology. An analysis of the obtained results was carried out. Ways to solve the problem are proposed.

Of course, it is impossible to completely and unconditionally refuse to use any electrical appliances in a modern city. If only because you will inevitably be exposed to radiation while in public transport, in the office and even just on the street, passing under high-voltage power lines. But it is possible and necessary to limit the impact.

It is necessary to carry out explanatory work to preserve human health when exposed to electromagnetic fields, develop precautionary measures and promote them.

A 10th grade student presented a project on the topic “Indication of the state of the environment by the frequency of occurrence of white clover hair dryers in the city of Vologda.”

Purpose of the study: Assess the state of the environment in the city of Vologda based on the frequency of occurrence of white clover hair dryers.

Object of study: white clover populations.

Subject of study: the effect of environmental pollution on hair dryers (the shape of the gray pattern on leaf blades) and the frequency of their occurrence in white clover.

Working hypothesis: it can be assumed that on the territory of Leningradskaya Street in the city of Vologda, where there is a large anthropogenic load, the percentage of plants with an altered phenotype will be high and corresponds to severe pollution of the territory.

An assessment of the state of the environment in several areas in the city of Vologda was carried out using the methodology of T. Ya. Ashikhmina “Indication of the state of the environment by the frequency of occurrence of white clover hair dryers.” White clover Trifoliym repens (creeping clover) was used as a phenotypic indicator. Initially, its morphological description was studied.

This plant was not chosen by chance. Firstly, it is widespread in the city of Vologda. Secondly, white clover hair dryers have been well studied; more than a dozen hair dryers have been identified based on the “Grey-haired pattern” trait. Thirdly, T.Ya. Ashikhmina developed a method for indicating the state of the environment based on the frequency of occurrence of white clover phenes.

The frequency of occurrence of white clover hair dryers - this is the percentage of hair dryers with a pattern - indicates the anthropogenic load and the likelihood of environmental pollution in the survey area.

Thus, the shape of the gray pattern on the leaf blades and the frequency of occurrence are indicators of environmental pollution.

The research was carried out in August-September 2013 at 8 sites.

Site No. 1: st. Gorky school yard MOU " high school No. 15" (traffic intensity on the street is average, the site is located 40 m from the road).

Site No. 2: st. Gorky, Tchaikovsky Square area (surrounded on all sides by roads).

Site No. 3: bank of the Vologda River on the street. VI Army Embankment (pedestrian zone, there is some traffic).

Site No. 4: The territory of the Cathedral Hill on the bank of the Vologda River (pedestrian zone).

Site No. 5: Veterans Park (park area, the park is surrounded on all sides by roads with not very intense traffic).

Site No. 6: Leningradskaya Street (located next to the road, heavy traffic).

In addition, several sites were selected for comparison of indicators in places with less anthropogenic load and remote from the city.

Site No. 7: Molochnoye village, st. Park (park area).

Site No. 8: near the village of Smykovo outside the village of Molochnoye (the site is remote from roads and no visible anthropogenic load was observed).

During the research, 1,600 clusters of white clover were studied. Clumps with leaves without a gray pattern were found - phenotype 1, and most clusters were distinguished by a clearly defined “gray” pattern. The most typical for the study areas are hair dryers No. 1, 2, 3,4,5,6,7 and 8 (see Appendix 6).

A greater variety of hairdryers was found on Leningradskaya and Gorky streets, along which people are constantly moving. vehicles. Also, at these sites, plants of “new forms” with four leaves were discovered. It is likely that exhaust gases act on plants, causing morphological and anatomical changes. The plants on these sites differed from the rest in their dust content.

The smallest variety of hair dryers is typical for the control sites in the village of Molochnoye, st. Park and area near the village of Smykovo, which is due to the low level of anthropogenic load.

Having calculated the fen ratio index (FRI) for each sample site, the level of pollution was determined and the results presented in Table 10 and Figure 2 were obtained.

Table 10 - Characteristics of the state of the environment

according to the index of the ratio of hair dryers at the study sites No. pl.	Site location	Fen Ratio Index (FRI)	Degree of pollution
	St. Gorky Municipal Educational Institution "Secondary School No. 15" (school yard)
	Gorky Street, Tchaikovsky Square area		Heavily polluted area
	bank of the Vologda River on the street. Embankment of the VI Army
	Cathedral Hill on the banks of the Vologda River		Moderately contaminated area
	Veterans Park		Moderately contaminated area
	St. Leningradskaya		Heavily polluted area
	Molochnoe village		Territory with weak influence of adverse factors
	Near the village of Smykovo		Clean territory

Figure 2 - Indicators of the fen ratio index (FRI) at the study sites

Analyzing the data obtained, it is clear that at all study sites, with the exception of control site No. 8 (the area near the village of Smykovo outside the village of Molochnoe), the fen ratio index (FRI) is above 30%, which, according to the method of T.Ya. Ashikhmina, speaks about the pollution of the territory. This indicates that at all study sites, white clover plants experienced the effects of human activity to varying degrees.

The highest Fen Ratio Index (FRI) of 91% was recorded at site No. 6 (Leningradskaya St.). This indicator corresponds to a high level of environmental pollution.

The same level of pollution is typical for site No. 1 (school yard of the Municipal Educational Institution "Secondary School No. 15 on Gorky Street" and No. 2 (Gorky Street, Tchaikovsky Square area), where the ISF was 71% and 76%, respectively.

It is not difficult to explain the result obtained in the conditions of our city, because st. Leningradskaya and Gorky are the main highways that create a significant flow of moving traffic during rush hours, leading to traffic jams, which causes the formation large quantity exhaust gases in a limited area. An increase in the number of vehicles on the road contributes to an increase in tire dust, which settles on the soil and leaves of plants, causing them some harm.

Indicator on the street Gorky is slightly lower than on the street. Leningradskaya, which is due to slightly less traffic flow.

The average level of pollution was noted at sites No. 3, 4, 5, where the fen ratio index (FRI) ranged from 51 to 58.5%. Pollution of these areas is probably caused by the intense flow of people, contamination of the territory with household waste, as well as a significant flow of cars. But the ISF indicator is slightly lower than the previous sites, which is due to some distance from the main highways.

The village of Molochnoe is quite remote from the city and is located approximately 17 km from the center of Vologda. Unlike previous sites, it is characterized by low traffic congestion. According to these studies, the Fen Ratio Index (FRI) for site No. 7 was 43%.

This suggests that the village of Molochnoe is located in an area with weak influence of unfavorable factors.

The best indicator was recorded in the area near the village of Smykovo (behind the village of Molochny) - 29%, which indicates the cleanliness of the study area and the favorable state of the environment in this area. locality. This is explained by the low anthropogenic load.