GRADUATE QUALIFICATION WORK

on the topic of:

The main directions of development of the sphere of social services for the population on the example of a municipal budgetary institution Complex center for social services for the population of the Bagansky district of the Novosibirsk region

Introduction

Chapter 1. Theoretical and regulatory framework for the organization of social services for the population in the Russian Federation

1 The main directions of state and municipal social policy in the Russian Federation

2 Features of the organization social protection and social services in the Russian Federation and abroad

3 Experience of organizing social services in urban districts: problems and prospects

Chapter 2. Analysis of the organization of social services for the population in MBU Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Bagansky District of the Novosibirsk Region

1 Organizational and regulatory framework for MBU activities Complex center of social services for the population of the Bagansky district of the Novosibirsk region

3 Analysis of the activities and quality of services provided by MBU Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Bagansky District of the Novosibirsk Region

Chapter 3. Improving the quality of social services in MBU Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Bagansky District of the Novosibirsk Region

1 Problems and difficulties in the activities of MBU Complex center of social services for the population of the Bagansky district of the Novosibirsk region. Factors and reasons impeding the improvement of service quality

Conclusion

Bibliography

Introduction

In the context of the country's reforming, the emergence of market relations, economic and political crises, tens of millions of people (pensioners, disabled people, orphans, refugees, etc.) are in need of emergency social assistance and protection. The following facts testify to the seriousness of social tension in Russia: the number of orphans with living parents is increasing, every second or third marriage is falling apart, in terms of the number of abortions performed, Russia has far outstripped highly developed countries, about a million disabled children need material, psychological and legal assistance, the number of crimes committed by teenagers is growing. Russia is not only at the forefront in terms of the number of alcoholics, but is also confidently catching up with other countries in terms of the number of drug addicts and substance abusers. Social ill-being has become the reason for the increased abuse of children, psychological stress, illness, suicide, and prostitution.

The world has accumulated a colossal experience of social work, including with the indicated groups of the population. There is also considerable domestic experience. The processes of exacerbation of social relations require comprehension, analysis and generalization. It is necessary to develop a scientifically grounded concept of social work with the population, develop social technologies, understandable and convincing methods of organizing and conducting social work. As the world experience shows, in many countries neither social development programs nor social policy of the state can do without taking into account the activities of social workers.

Currently, the priority area of \u200b\u200breforming social policy is the implementation of the transition to a new, more effective model of social policy - a targeted social system. The model of targeted social policy is characterized by the differentiation of the fulfillment of social functions of the state in relation to various segments of the population, the redistribution of social expenses of the state in favor of the most vulnerable groups of the population, an increase in the efficiency of the social system, and a decrease in social tension in society.

The level of social tension, the volume and nature of the accumulated social problems require a step-by-step, evolutionary approach to building a new model of social policy. In the process of transition to a targeted social system, the following main stages can be distinguished: anti-crisis management of social processes in society; achieving social stability; sustainable development of the social sphere. One of the main directions of social policy is the sphere of social services. Social service institutions are part of the social protection structure. That is, organizationally and financially, social service institutions are subordinate to social protection institutions.

The object of study is the MBU Complex Center for Social Services for the Population of the Bagansky District of the Novosibirsk Region. The subject of study is the organization of social services for the population in the Bagansky District of the Novosibirsk Region.

In accordance with this goal, it is planned to solve the following tasks:

study the theoretical and methodological foundations of social protection of the population in the Russian Federation;

to analyze the activities of the MBU institutions Comprehensive center of social services for the population;

to propose ways to improve social protection of the population

The legal framework for social protection of certain categories of the population is being developed by the following laws of the Russian Federation - "On Forced Migrants", "On Employment of the Population in the Russian Federation", "On Social Protection of Disabled People", "On Social Services for Elderly and Disabled Citizens", "On the Basics of Labor Protection in the Russian Federation "," On the basic guarantees of the rights of the child in the Russian Federation ", etc.

Many researchers of modern Russian society are interested in the formation and functioning of the social protection system of the population at the present stage. So the basics of organizing social protection of the population are considered in the works of such authors as M.I. Lepikhov, N. Podshibyakina, V. Sharin and others.

The economic foundations of social protection of the population are considered by V.D. Roick, T.S. Panteleeva, G.A. Chervyakov and others.

The main directions and principles of social work are presented in the works of A.I. Voitenko, E.I. Komarova, A.N. Savinov, P.D. Pavlenok and others.

The set goals and objectives are achieved with the help of such research methods as the analysis of documents and regulations, comparative analysis, analysis of statistical data, included observation, generalization.

The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that it identifies the advantages and disadvantages in the formation and functioning of the system of social protection of the population in the municipality, and also makes proposals for its optimization.

The practical significance of the work is determined by the fact that the research results can be used in the development of social programs, as well as in the educational process, in the professional training of specialists.

The work consists of an introduction, three chapters, a conclusion and a list of sources used.

Chapter 1. Theoretical and regulatory framework for the organization of social services for the population in the Russian Federation

1.1 The main directions of state and municipal social policy in the Russian Federation

Social policy in the Russian Federation is based on the constitutional definition of Russia as a social state, the policy of which is aimed at creating conditions that ensure a dignified life and free human development.

In the Russian Federation, labor and health of people are protected, a guaranteed minimum wage is established, state support is provided for family, motherhood, fatherhood and childhood, disabled and elderly citizens, a social system is developing; services, state pensions, benefits and other guarantees of social protection are established (Article 7 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation).

The Constitution guarantees everyone social security by age, in case of illness, disability, loss of a breadwinner, for raising children and in other cases established by law (Articles 38-39).

To this end, the Russian Federation is developing a system of state and municipal services, providing state support for families, motherhood, fatherhood and childhood, disabled people and elderly citizens, establishing state pensions, benefits and other guarantees of social protection.

The Constitution proclaims the right of everyone:

to work in conditions that meet the requirements of safety and hygiene (Article 37);

on the dwelling (Art. 40);

for medical care in state and municipal health care institutions at the expense of budget funds, insurance contributions, and other: sources (Art. 41);

for free preschool, basic general and secondary vocational education in state and municipal educational institutions and at enterprises (Article 43);

for the use of cultural and leisure institutions and cultural values \u200b\u200b(Article 44).

The Russian system of social policy is based on the principles of “who you are” (availability of social pensions and a developed system of categorical benefits) and “what have you done” (system of labor pensions). The “what have you” principle is used in part, for example, in determining housing subsidies and paying child benefits.

Thus, social policy in the Russian Federation is aimed at creating conditions that ensure a dignified life and free human development. The Constitution of the Russian Federation guarantees social security to every citizen by age, in case of illness, disability, loss of a breadwinner, for raising children and in other cases established by law.

One of the main tasks of local self-government bodies is the formation and implementation of municipal social policy.

Municipal social policy is a system of goals, objectives and mechanisms for their implementation, aimed at providing the population with social services, on the maintenance and development of the social sphere of the municipality.

Municipal social policy is built in line with the social policy of the state and in cooperation with state authorities, primarily with the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Through the municipal social policy, both the own powers of local self-government and the state powers transferred to the municipal level in social sphere.

The social sphere and social policy (state and municipal) can be considered in a broader and narrower sense of the word. In a broad sense, the social sphere includes everything that ensures human life. In this understanding, all municipal policy is social. In a narrower sense, the social sphere of a municipality, as it was said, is understood as the sphere of reproduction of the person himself, his physical and spiritual parameters, while the reproduction of the material and material environment of a person refers to the urban service sphere.

The social policy of the state is a system of principles, goals, objectives and means that ensure such a socially acceptable and permissible material, political, cultural position of social groups and strata of the population, in which they can realize their personal interests and contribute to their own development and development of society in various types of activities. the whole.

Social policy is implemented through the interests of people and acts as a management of interests. It is designed to eliminate the contradiction between the diverging interests of various subjects, between the current and future interests of society.

The state of the social sphere in this sense serves as an integral indicator of the effectiveness of the country's economy, the humanity of jurisprudence and the political structure of society, its spirituality. The most important tasks of state social policy are to ensure the integrity of the community, its stability, the possibility of dynamic development, and the prevention of social conflicts. Management of the social sphere is carried out at all levels of public authority: federal, regional and municipal. The functions of each level are determined in accordance with legally delimited powers.

Thus, the municipal social policy is aimed at providing the population with social services, at the maintenance and development of the social sphere of the municipality. Municipal social policy is built in line with the social policy of the state and in cooperation with public authorities. Social policy is implemented through the interests of people and acts as a management of interests.

When developing social policy, priorities should be determined that at a given moment are the most urgent and urgent for society, requiring a first-priority decision. State and municipal social policy is implemented through social planning and management through a system of social events and programs carried out by federal, regional and local authorities.

The most important mechanism for implementing the state's social policy is the system of state minimum social standards. Social standard is the minimum required level of satisfaction of the social needs of the population. Some examples of minimum social standards:

the minimum wage;

the minimum level of social pensions and other social benefits;

mandatory standards and programs within which education is free;

list of medical and preventive services provided at the expense of budgetary funds.

Minimum social standards are designed to establish those threshold values \u200b\u200bof social benefits for a person, below which one cannot go down (from the standpoint of modern representatives about the level and quality of life). This “standard” level of social benefits guaranteed to every person should be affordable or free of charge for the consumer at all; partially or fully paid from budgetary and extrabudgetary funds.

Social standards are expressed through social norms. Social norms are uniform or group measures of social needs for homogeneous territories. Examples of social norms:

the rate of provision of the population with institutions of the social and cultural sphere;

the rate of occupancy of school classes and groups in preschool institutions;

norms for providing the population with individual social services;

norms of personnel and material support in the provision of social services.

Compliance with minimum social standards and norms requires large budgetary expenditures. In recent years, a large number of federal laws have been adopted in Russia establishing certain social benefits that are not secured by funding. In this regard, the task of reasonably limiting the total number of social benefits and differentiating social standards into federal, regional and municipal is urgent. At the same time, the most important minimum social standards should remain at the federal level. Each level of the budgetary system must provide funding for the social standards and norms introduced by it and bring them in line with the available financial resources.

The tasks of the federal level of government include the establishment of the foundations of state social policy, legal regulation of relations in the social sphere, the development of federal programs for the country's social development, the development and approval of state minimum social standards at the federal level, and the provision of state guarantees for their implementation.

The constituent entities of the Russian Federation are developing the foundations of a regional social policy, taking into account the historical and cultural traditions of the territory; establish regional social standards and norms that take into account state minimum social standards; take care of the preservation and strengthening of the social infrastructure owned by the constituent entities of the Russian Federation; organize training, retraining and advanced training of workers in the field of education, culture, health care, social protection of the population; ensure compliance with the legislation of the Russian Federation in all areas of social policy.

The municipal level is called upon to concretize the methods, methods and mechanisms for achieving the goals defined in the framework of federal and regional social policy, in relation to the characteristics of specific territories. The task of local self-government bodies, as the closest to the population, is the direct provision of a complex of social services that ensure the living conditions of a person and his reproduction.

On the basis of regional norms and norms, local government bodies can develop local social norms and norms that take into account the specifics of a particular municipality.

The actual volume of social services provided to the population by local governments is as follows:

comprehensive centers of social services for veterans and other social groups;

social rehabilitation centers and social shelters for minors;

homes for the disabled and the elderly;

orphanages;

centers of psychological and pedagogical assistance to the population, etc.

Local self-government bodies also carry out activities and maintain organizational structures to combat drug addiction, child homelessness, promote the organization of employment of the population, participate in the preparation and registration of labor agreements between labor collectives and employers on the territory of municipalities, in the resolution of labor disputes.

The modern period in the development of human society has brought an understanding that a democratic, rule-of-law state can solve basic problems only with a developed system of self-government. Being one of the foundations of the constitutional system of the rule of law, local self-government allows democratizing the administrative apparatus, effectively solving local issues and ensuring that the interests of local communities are taken into account when conducting public policy, and optimally combining the interests and rights of human beings and the interests of the state.

Local self-government has an important role in the implementation of one of the main tasks of our time - the unification of the interests of the state, society and the individual into a single whole, since the main meaning, the essence of local self-government is to harmonize the rights and freedoms of man and citizen at the level of each individual with the interests of the state and society. It is this orientation of local self-government that meets the ideas of a modern democratic legal social state, the highest value of which is a person, his rights and freedoms.

The Russian Federation, after a long break, is trying to return to a civilized system of social management, including state administration and local self-government.

Local self-government must be viewed as a multifaceted, multidimensional and multifaceted social phenomenon. Modern local self-government should be considered as a mechanism of interaction between territorial communities and the state, the main task of which is to coordinate the respective interests.

The formation of local self-government is the task not only of local self-government itself, but also of state power at all its levels.

The development of local self-government is impossible without the support of the state, its political decisions, based on the civil initiatives of the population. At present, the formation of local self-government is hampered by a number of unresolved problems associated with the imperfection of the current legal framework, including: the absence of federal regulatory legal regulation that ensures the clear implementation of a number of norms of the Constitution of the Russian Federation on local self-government; the lack of a clear normative legal division of powers between state authorities and local self-government bodies; internal inconsistency and haphazard legislation of the Russian Federation on local self-government; ineffectiveness of legislative support for the financial and economic independence of municipalities; imperfection of the system of judicial protection of the interests of local self-government.

Speaking about the relationship of local self-government with state institutions, it should also be emphasized that local self-government is one of the forms of democracy - both direct and representative. Social principles in local self-government are aimed at increasing the activity of the population in solving issues of managing state and public affairs. The combination of state and public in local government is very important in practical terms. With the help of the unity of these two principles, the most important social and state tasks are being solved.

Thus, if we take a broad look at the designated problem of interaction between the state and local self-government, then we can interpret government bodies and local self-government bodies as elements of a unified system of social management, public authority, ensuring the life of society as a whole. The larger the state, the more difficult it is to confine oneself to centralized bureaucratic administration, the more necessary the elements of self-government are included in general administration.

According to the Constitution, issues of joint jurisdiction include coordination of health issues; protection of family, motherhood, fatherhood and childhood; social protection, including social security;

This relationship of state and self-government principles is due to deeper and more objective factors, including the degree of socio-economic maturity of society, the ratio and arrangement of social groups - class, estate, ethnic, etc., the nature of their struggle or cooperation, spiritual, national, cultural traditions, peculiarities of geopolitical position, historical development, demographic state of society, etc.

The state is a complex system that includes socio-economic and territorial-state formations (subjects of the Federation), within which there are smaller organizational formations (regions, cities, etc.). The state embodies the integration of the interests, norms and needs of citizens and social groups conditioned by living in a certain territory.

At present, the organization of self-government has become one of the most important political tasks.

The formation of local self-government requires the development of an institution for the exercise of state powers, primarily in the social sphere - the closest and most painful for the population.

The social sphere is where there should be a clear and intensive interaction between state authorities and local self-government in the name of the interests of the population, each person.

The task of local self-government is to provide social comfort to every member of society, to implement the main slogan of the social state - to create a decent standard of living for a person.

This is the social meaning, the purpose of local self-government in today's conditions.

1.2 Features of the organization of social protection and social services in the Russian Federation and abroad

The system of social protection of the population is one of the institutions for the implementation of socio-economic policy, the purpose of which is to ensure social stability and sustainable economic development of society. To achieve this goal, an effective mechanism is needed to protect the working-age population from social risks. Social risks are: illness, disability, loss of a breadwinner, injury, unemployment, migration, loss of housing, old age, poverty, and any person can be exposed to them during his life.

At present, social protection of the population is understood as a set of legally established economic, social, legal guarantees and rights, social institutions and institutions that ensure their implementation and create conditions for maintaining the life of various social strata and groups of the population, primarily socially vulnerable.

The social protection system must guarantee:

Decent social existence of a person, respect for his honor and dignity;

The most complete coverage of social space, because it is impossible to protect those who are not included in the system;

Equal and balanced distribution of services, payments and benefits within the entire social system;

The effectiveness of the functioning of social protection institutions.

The object of social protection is all groups of the population. However, its vulnerable strata have special priorities: low-income families, disabled people, the elderly, orphans, single parents and large families, victims of environmental disasters, etc.

In world practice, there are two types of social protection of the population - active and passive social protection. Active social protection is focused on able-bodied members of society and presupposes the creation of conditions for the self-protection of people, primarily through active actions in the labor market and through their participation in social insurance. Passive social protection is aimed at the disabled and socially vulnerable groups of the population and consists, first of all, in direct material support.

In this regard, there are two main approaches to understanding the essence of social protection:

Social protection is the social security of citizens and their family members, transformed to new socio-economic conditions:

Social protection of the population is social assistance provided to certain categories of people in the form of social benefits, in-kind assistance and social services and is targeted.

The International Labor Organization (ILO) refers to social protection as social insurance and social assistance. The ILO conventions formulate the basic principles of social protection of the population, regulate the minimum level of various types of social protection and the categories of the population to which they should apply. National social protection systems are formed on the basis of ILO conventions, taking into account the specifics of the economic, social and cultural development of a particular country.

The system of social protection of the population and professional social work are closely related and interdependent. how professional look activities, social work presupposes the presence of the necessary legislative and regulatory framework, a developed infrastructure, trained personnel, in a word, everything that can represent social protection as a social institution. The social protection system, primarily at the micro level, is a kind of "organizational and legal field" for social work. In turn, with the help of means of social work, the functions of social protection are implemented. The arrival of trained specialists in social work increases the effectiveness of social protection measures.

At present, countries with market economies use various organizational and legal forms of social protection of the population. Leading, as mentioned above, are currently social insurance and social assistance, which includes various payments and services. IN different countries these indicated forms took shape depending on historical conditions and therefore, despite the similarity of tasks, they have differences in approaches and methods.

Features of the emergence of social protection systems in the United States and Western Europe

The development of the social protection system for the population on the European continent has a longer history.

So, for example, in Great Britain the first decrees concerning social problems appeared in the 16th century during the reign of Henry Y111 (1531). They ordered the registration of beggars and obliged local authorities, including church leaders, to make contributions to funds for the poor. This was the first attempt to move from churchly uncontrolled philanthropy to a centralized system. Even then, the authorities came to the conclusion that by some redistribution of society's resources in favor of certain persons, social problems could be eliminated or at least alleviated (Schweinitz “England s road Social Security”).

In 1607, Queen Elizabeth consolidated all laws and decrees into one “Law on the Poor”, which existed for a very long time, was often revised, and over time numerous changes were made to it, making social assistance more and more humane. For example, in the middle of the 19th century, targeted programs of assistance to specific social groups were already introduced in England, and this circle of persons eligible for social assistance was constantly expanding.

However, the Industrial Revolution posed new challenges that required a radical reform of the English social legislation... Sydney and Beatrice Webbs played an important role in this direction, setting out in their report to the Parliamentary Commission on the Poor the new principles of social assistance, such as universality, commitment and orientation towards eliminating social problems.

Since 1909, many new laws have been passed in Great Britain, reflecting the changes in popular consciousness and changes in social policy. In 1911, the National Insurance Act was passed, introducing compulsory insurance against sickness and unemployment. In 1925 - the laws on old-age pensions and on benefits for widows and orphans. Under the Local Administration Act of 1929, Social Assistance Committees were established under local administration (county councils) to carry out local social work. In 1934, the Unemployed Workers Act came into force, which approved a nationwide unemployed council, which provided assistance to uninsured persons and provided additional benefits to retirees and widows. Thus, in the 30s. in Great Britain, the unemployed, widows, orphans and war invalids received centralized assistance. Other categories of the population received social assistance from local administrations (county councils).

In other European countries, social protection systems do not have such deep roots. But, like in Great Britain in countries such as Germany, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, social protection as a system of legislative, economic and social guarantees for all population groups began to take shape at about the same time, by the end of the 19th century.

For example, in Germany, Bismarck, in order to avoid the creation of an independent system by the workers themselves, adopts a series of social laws: the law on health insurance (1884), the law on accident insurance (1885), the law on insurance in connection with old age and disability (1891 ). The created social protection system was associated at that time in Germany, mainly with labor in industrial enterprises.

In Sweden, the development of the social insurance system began at the same time as in Germany, in the 1880s, and the main focus was initially on social assistance in the workplace. Since 1913, the first national social security program (the system of national pensions) was launched. The next, third stage in the development of social insurance in Sweden is associated with the release of the Law on Social Services in 1982, which includes all areas of social activity of the state.

In the United States, according to American scientists, the federal government "for a long time did not feel any responsibility for charity." Of course, it created hospitals, agencies, but, in general, it did not determine policy. Researchers believe that this was due to the peculiarities of the emergence of the US state. Stefan Becki writes that the United States has long been convinced that every person is the blacksmith of his own happiness and the state should not interfere in his life, since success is predetermined by the Almighty. As mentioned above, charitable organizations took care of the poor. An important feature of the American self-help society was the willingness of people to help each other. Assistance was provided by neighbors within ethnic groups and aimed at overcoming the difficulties associated with resettlement. She contributed to the formation of a phenomenal sense of responsibility of everyone for the common good. Need and poverty were seen most often as the result of personal mistakes. Therefore, a person was expected to find strength in himself and be able to refuse help for the benefit of others. It was only when industrialization began to rapidly transform the United States that it became clear that poverty is not a consequence of human error.

The first steps in this direction were taken by the state authorities in the 20s of the last century. They began to allocate funds and form official aid organizations. That is, the development of state support went from the bottom up. Let us remember that at that time there were already professional social workers who criticized the activities of officials and developed their own methods of work. The term "social security" became widespread at the same time as the term "social work" - at the beginning of the 20th century. Gradually, the concept of "social security system" came to mean programs and agencies, and the term "social work" - their activities. Looking ahead, we will say that the term "social service", according to Americans, means the type of agency and the functions it performs.

In 1935, President Roosevelt passes the Social Security Act, which includes old-age insurance and unemployment benefits. Researchers believe that the release of this law is the beginning of the modern social security system in the United States. Since 1935, social work has developed in North America in the context of active government intervention in the social sphere. Until the 1930s, the principle of "firm individualism" prevailed in US social policy, and government intervention was declared a non-American approach. Therefore, some Russian authors call the American model of social security American individualism. Russian authors call the European model “European traditionalism”, opposing the American one. But this division is in reality purely arbitrary. It should not be about the proper American or European model of social work, but about the models of implementing social policy, about various forms of implementing the concept of social welfare.

Principles and functions of social protection systems in Western Europe

Almost all Western European countries use social insurance against social risk and provide social assistance to people below the poverty line.

However, the systems of social insurance and social assistance in these countries are implemented in different ways, and in this regard, they can be divided into four groups:

Countries dominated by insurance principles, where payments and benefits are linked to individual premiums;

Countries where the insurance principles of social protection of the population are less pronounced, where the amounts of benefits and payments are more consistent with individual needs, and where financing is carried out mainly from tax funds;

Countries that occupy an intermediate position between the first two;

Countries where there is no system of social protection of the population as such, it is just being formed.

The first group includes Germany, France, Belgium and Luxembourg. In these countries, public protection systems are based on contractual and insurance principles. Hired workers pay a certain portion of their income to the insurance fund, which gives them the right to use the services of the fund when they need help in the amount corresponding to the savings in the insurance fund. At the same time, employers, on behalf of their employees, also contribute certain amounts to this insurance background.

In most cases, the amount paid from the insurance fund depends on the salary and is related to the amount that has been accumulated from the contributions of the employee and the employer. Exceptions are health care costs and family benefits. The main purpose of this system is to maintain a person's standard of living in the event of illness, disability and job loss. Such a system makes it possible to redistribute a person's income over the course of his physical life. In all European countries, insurance contributions are the main source of funding for social protection. In some cases, the fund can be expanded by more or less deductions from the general expenditure item of the national budget, through tax payments.

However, in all countries of this group, the state commits itself to citizens to ensure that the income of any citizen does not fall below the guaranteed minimum, regardless of what income he received earlier and how much he contributed to the insurance fund. This type of payment is made from the national budget.

Health care is also mainly funded by insurance premiums, but the minimum health care is guaranteed from the budget. Medical care is mainly borne by the private sector with subsequent reimbursement of citizens' expenses at the expense of the state.

The second group of countries, which include Great Britain, Denmark, Ireland, differs from the first in that social protection is less connected with insurance savings. In these countries, the state budget plays an important role in financing the social sphere. Social benefits and benefits are more evenly distributed. This distribution is based on the idea that people in need are equal, therefore, social assistance should be provided based on the needs of a person, and not on his previous income. The difference between payments and benefits lies mainly in the fact that social payments are compulsory, every citizen has the right to claim them according to the law, and benefits are not given to everyone, depending on the need and the nature of social risk. In these countries, health care is concentrated mainly in the public sector.

The third group of countries includes the Netherlands and Italy, which represent a mixed social security system. However, their systems are closer to the systems of the first group of countries. But there are also certain differences. In Italy, for example, the state does not undertake the obligation to pay a guaranteed social minimum income. Such guarantees are provided only by some local authorities in certain areas. In the Netherlands, on the contrary, social security is at a very high stage of development, and the system covers every resident of the country.

The fourth group of countries includes Spain, Portugal, Greece. Social protection systems for the population of these countries are still in their infancy. There is no guaranteed minimum income in these countries, and social services are not available to all citizens.

In all European countries, social protection is multifunctional. As a rule, it performs 11 functions corresponding to the main social risks to which a person is exposed during his life.

Disease risk: payments correspond to full or partial compensation for income lost due to the inability to work; cover all or part of medical care, both in the public and private sector.

Disability risk: payment of pensions and benefits to persons who have completely lost the ability to work and lead a normal life in society; disability-related health care; rehabilitation costs.

Risk of industrial injuries and occupational diseases: payment of pensions and benefits, compensations and other forms of direct payments; specific medical care;

expenses related to industrial rehabilitation and other forms of social services.

The risk of loss of breadwinner: pensions and benefits in case of loss of breadwinner, death benefit, funeral services.

Unemployment risk: benefits associated with full or partial unemployment; remuneration for temporary or occasional work organized by the authorities that does not replace the benefit.

Migration risk: costs associated with the movement of labor resources, training, retraining; benefits related to moving to a new place of residence of former unemployed.

Risk of housing loss: subsidies for housing and utility bills for certain categories of the population.

Maternity risk: expenses for maternity benefits; costs of medical care for mothers and children and other forms of support for pregnant women and women in labor.

Family benefits: benefits for dependent children, in-kind assistance in the form of food products, travel vouchers, home help, etc.

Other types of social assistance: additional services for the poor, spending on the prevention of juvenile delinquency, benefits for victims of military operations and natural disasters, etc.

Obviously, the costs of certain payments and benefits in different countries are very different. Consider the example of helping a family.

The differences among European countries for this cost item are quite significant. One group of countries, including Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain, spend less than 1% of their GNP on these purposes. Another group of countries - Germany and the Netherlands - from 12.5 to 2%, while the remaining countries - more than 2%.

Most countries are concerned about declining fertility. In this regard, many countries have made significant changes in family support policies. So, in France in the early 80s. laws were passed in favor of large families. For example, a family with three or more children began to receive benefits in the amount of one third of the average wage.

In all countries, the size of child benefits increases with each new child. The exceptions are Ireland, the Netherlands, Portugal and the United Kingdom, where the amount of the benefit does not change with the second and third child. In Belgium, Germany, Italy and especially in France, the amount of payments increases significantly, starting with the second child.

In many countries, maternity benefits have been increased. This policy was aimed at creating the best conditions for combining work, career and caring for home and family. As a result, maternity leave has been extended in many countries over the past five years. The largest maternity leave is currently in Denmark (28 weeks) and France (26 weeks). In other countries, it varies from 13 to 20 weeks.

In many countries, there are social benefits for parents who would like to be with their child for a longer time, but they are small. There are such manuals in Germany, Belgium, Italy. For example, in Germany it is 22% of the salary when the child reaches the age of 2 years. In Belgium and Italy, a little more, but the term of their payments is shorter.

The problem of single-parent families in Europe is as acute as in Russia. Almost all countries have special allowances for such families, however, the terms of payment are different. For example, in Greece, only the mother can receive the allowance, not the single father. In Spain and Portugal, only in a few provinces do local authorities pay such benefits. In France, the amount of the allowance is 50% of the average wage up to 3 years of age. In other countries, this amount is much less.

1.3 Experience of organizing social services in urban districts: problems and prospects

Social protection is a system of legislative, economic, social and other guarantees that provides all able-bodied citizens with equal rights and conditions for work, and the disabled (socially vulnerable) strata - advantages in using public consumption funds, direct material and socio-psychological support in all forms ...

Social support is temporary or permanent measures of targeted support for certain categories of citizens in a crisis situation.

Social protection and social support of citizens are the prerogative of the state. Federal legislation assigns only guardianship and guardianship to the competence of municipal districts and urban districts in this area, and to the competence of settlements - assistance in establishing guardianship and guardianship over the residents of the settlement in need of this in accordance with federal laws. However, the main part of the social support of citizens is traditionally carried out by local governments as state powers. As the closest to the population, local governments are better aware of the specific living conditions of individual citizens and can perform social support functions more effectively. Due to the lack of state funding, local budgets bear a significant share of the costs of social support for the population.

The main forms of social support for certain groups of the population are:

cash benefits;

assistance in kind (food, clothing);

subsidies (earmarked funds to pay for services);

compensation (reimbursement of some expenses).

Municipal policy in the field of social protection and social support of the population is the implementation of its own and transferred (federal and regional) state powers to organize a set of measures aimed at protecting certain vulnerable groups of the population and citizens from falling into a zone of extreme social disadvantage. The formation and implementation of local policy in the field of social support of the population is carried out within the framework of targeted assistance to specific groups and strata of the population, individual citizens.

The main criteria for providing social support to certain categories of citizens at the municipal level include the following:

low level of material security. If the per capita income of a person (family) is below a certain legislatively established normative value, this person (family) needs social support. The normative value of per capita income is determined by the valuable consumer set that characterizes the subsistence minimum per family member for a given period of development of society;

incapacity for work, the consequence of which is the impossibility of self-service;

loss of home and property.

a) disabled:

) pensioners;

) disabled people;

) citizens who are in the care of the state (in homes for the elderly, disabled, etc.);

b) the poor;

c) caught in extreme situations:

) unemployed;

) victims of emergency situations (fires, floods, earthquakes, etc.);

) refugees and displaced persons.

For each of these categories, the state develops specific social protection programs, and at the local level, social support programs.

Social protection and social support of the population is effective based on the application of a programmatic approach. Two types of programs can be distinguished: objective (designed for a specific social group of the population) and problematic (designed to solve some social problem).

To implement the municipal policy in the field of social support for the population, various social service institutions are created in municipalities, and in the structure of local administrations - bodies (departments, committees, departments) of social protection. The structure of these bodies depends on the financial capabilities of the municipality, the existing management system, and the availability of the necessary specialists.

Social services are provided by municipal institutions free of charge and for a fee. Free social services are provided in amounts determined by state standards of social services. Paid social services are provided in accordance with the procedure established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Financing of the municipal sector of the social service system is carried out at the expense of local budgets and subventions from the federal budget and the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, directed to the municipal budget for the maintenance and development of a network of social service institutions, as well as for payment of state-guaranteed social services included in federal and regional lists. The amount of subventions is determined annually when the respective budgets are approved.

So, as noted, the state of the country's economy at the present time allows for total social security of the population, which is typical for a social state. The gap between the state's ability to fulfill its funding tasks and the problems in relations between the state and local self-government bodies, which provide various types of social assistance in a specific territory, is growing.

Chapter 2. Analysis of the organization of social services for the population in MBU Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Bagansky District of the Novosibirsk Region

2.1 Organizational and regulatory framework of MBU activities Complex center of social services for the population of the Bagansky district of the Novosibirsk region

A municipal institution is a legal entity carrying out its activities on the basis of the Charter, has a legal address, separate property on the basis of operational management, an independent balance sheet, personal and other accounts with the treasury, a seal depicting the Coat of arms of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation with its name and the name of the Founder, a stamp for the approval of documents, letterheads, branding and other details approved in the prescribed manner.

Name of the Institution: - municipal budgetary institution Comprehensive Center for Social Services to the Population of the Bagansky District of the Novosibirsk Region.

The founder of the institution is the department of social protection of the population of the Bagan region. The institution operates under the leadership of the Founder, who provides the Center with organizational, methodological and financial aid... Control over the activities of the Institution is carried out by the founder or his legal representative on the territory of the municipality, the financial department of the district, as well as state bodies of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision, tax, control and auditing and other state services within their competence. The institution is responsible for its obligations within the funds at its disposal. In the event of a lack of funds, the Founder bears subsidiary responsibility for his obligations.

The institution is non-profit organization and is financed from the regional budget on the basis of estimates of income and expenses in accordance with Article 31 of the Federal Law of 02.08.1995, No. 122-FZ "On social services for elderly citizens and the disabled."

The authorized directions of the Center's activities can be financed from federal, regional, municipal target programs. The Center uses additional non-budgetary sources of funding for measures to provide social services to elderly citizens and disabled people in accordance with Article 32 of the Federal Law dated 02.08.95, No. 122 - ФЗ.

The following departments are included in the Complex Center of Social Services for the Population of the Bagansky District of the Novosibirsk Region:

urgent social services and counseling;

social rehabilitation;

prevention of neglect, delinquency in children and adolescents;

social services at home for the elderly and disabled;

branch - "Special home for lonely elderly people No. 1";

branch "Special home for lonely elderly number 2";

branch "Department of Intensive Care (mercy)".

The institution carries out the activities of social services for social support, the provision of social, social and medical, psychological, pedagogical, social and legal services and material assistance, social adaptation and rehabilitation of citizens in difficult life situations in accordance with Federal laws, Presidential decrees RF, government documents, regional laws, decrees and orders of state authorities, orders and orders of the Department of social protection of the population of the Bagan region.

The Center's activities are aimed at conducting social, health-improving, pedagogical activities, for which it is carried out:

monitoring the social and demographic situation, the level of social and economic well-being of citizens on the territory of the municipality;

identification and differentiated accounting of citizens in need of social support, determination of the forms of assistance they need and the frequency (permanently, temporarily, on a one-time basis) of its provision;

provision of socio-pedagogical, legal, socio-psychological, socio-medical, social, household, trade, consulting and other services to citizens, subject to the principles of targeting and continuity of their provision, participation in the prevention of neglect and juvenile delinquency in conjunction with authorized competent authorities ;

involvement of state, municipal and non-state bodies, organizations and institutions (health care, education, migration service, employment services and others), as well as public and religious organizations and associations (veterans, disabled people, Red Cross Society committees, associations of large, single-parent families, etc. further) to the solution of issues of providing social support to the population and the coordination of their activities in this direction;

provision of additional paid services to the population.

The institution solves problems:

) Restoration of the social status of elderly citizens and disabled people who have fallen into difficult life situations, their material and household support, social-labor and socio-psychological adaptation through medical, social and socio-cultural rehabilitation measures.

) First aid medical care and social and household support for elderly citizens and disabled people who, for health reasons, have partially lost the ability to self-service or for medical reasons who need outside help, social support, at home and in specialized departments of the Center.

) Organization of social assistance and support to families and lonely citizens with incomes below the subsistence level, as well as those in extreme situations, primarily large families, single-parent families, families with disabled children, single pensioners receiving social pensions.

) Assistance to citizens in solving social and legal issues falling within the competence of the bodies of social protection of the population.

The institution has the right to carry out entrepreneurial or other income-generating activities in accordance with federal and regional legislation in agreement with the Founder and use the income and property acquired from these incomes in accordance with article 120 and article 298 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation for the development of the institution in order to provide social support to citizens ...

The income received from entrepreneurial activity is directed by the Institution for purposes that do not contradict the statutory ones.

The institution is guided by the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the Budget Code of the Russian Federation, the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, instructions on accounting in budgetary institutions, instructions of the Ministry of Finance on the accounting of business activities in budgetary institutions and other regulations.

The institution has the right, in the prescribed manner and in accordance with the charter and the current legislation of the Russian Federation:

to acquire or lease, in the course of economic activity, fixed and circulating assets at the expense of the financial resources available to him, and loans and credits received for these purposes;

plan its activities and determine development prospects in agreement with the founder, as well as based on consumer demand for products, works and services;

establish with the consent of the founder separate subdivisions (branches, representative offices) with the right to open current and other accounts without the right of a legal entity.

The complex center of social services for the population of the Bagansky district of the Novosibirsk region is obliged:

provide the founder with estimate and financial documentation in full of the approved forms and for all types of activities;

coordinate with the Founder the structure of the Institution;

be liable in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation for violation of contractual, credit, settlement obligations;

provide their employees with safe working conditions and bear responsibility in the prescribed manner for harm caused to the employee by injury, occupational disease or other damage to health associated with the performance of his job duties;

be responsible for the safety of documents (management, financial and economic, personnel, etc.);

ensure the transfer for state storage of documents of scientific and historical significance to the archival funds in accordance with the agreed list of documents;

to spend funds from the regional budget strictly in accordance with the approved schedule and budget limits;

carry out operational accounting of results, maintain statistical and accounting reports, report on the results of activities in the manner and terms established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

The institution forms a fund for wages, material incentives, production development, social development, social assistance, reserve and other funds. The procedure for the formation and use of funds is determined by the Complex Center for Social Services for the Population of the Bagan District of the Novosibirsk Region in agreement with the founder. Funds received from payment for services provided are spent in accordance with the Regulations on the procedure for the use of funds received to the accounts of social service institutions from payment of social services, approved by the order of the founder.

The institution determines its accounting policy, maintains accounting statistical reporting in accordance with the procedure established by law and is responsible for its accuracy. Separate accounting records are maintained for different types of (budgetary and extrabudgetary) activities.

.2 The main categories of citizens served by the MBU Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Bagansky District of the Novosibirsk Region

On November 3, 1965, the Bagansky District was formed, which included the Andreevsky, Kitay-Gorodsky, Paletsky village councils separated from the Karasuksky district, and the Bagansky, Voznesensky, Grushevsky, Kazan village councils separated from the Kupinsky district.

The territory of the district with a total area of \u200b\u200b3367.8 sq. Km. is located in the southwestern part of the Novosibirsk region at a distance of 450 km from the regional center of Novosibirsk. The length of the region from north to south is 103 km and from west to east - 60 km.

On its territory there are 9 municipalities, 44 settlements. The population of the Bagan region as of 01.01.2011 was 17983 people. Over the past years, the population has been steadily declining. The entire population of the district is rural. Large villages are - with. Bagan, p. Paletskoe, s. Savkino, s. Andreevka. The ethnic composition of the population is as follows: Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians, Kazakhs, Germans, etc.

Administrative center - with. Bagan, with a population of 5955 people, is located at the intersection of highways running in two directions: Karasuk-Novosibirsk, Kupino-Omsk and is a compact massif in which most of the enterprises of almost all industrial sectors located in the region are concentrated.

In general, the dynamics of the demographic situation in the region coincides with the trends in the demographic development of the region. During the period 2007-2010, the population of the district decreased by 0.5 thousand people. By the beginning of 2011, the population of the Bagan region was 17983 people against 18483 people in 2006. In 2011, population growth was noted.

Table 1

Main indicators characterizing demographic processes

Indicators
1. Population (people)
2. Share in the region's population (%)
3. General mortality rate (people per 10,000 people. Population)
4. Coefficient of migration growth (people per 10,000 people)
5. Coefficient of natural growth (people per 10,000 people)

The problem of low birth rates has become especially acute in recent years. The total fertility rate during this period decreased from 136.3 in 2007 to 108.4 in 2010 per 10,000 population, that is, by 27.4%.

Also, one of the most acute problems of the modern demographic development of the region, which remains in dynamics, is the high mortality rate of the population. The natural population decline rate is 144.6 per 10,000 population. The number of deaths in 2010 is 1.3 times higher than the number of births. In the general structure of causes of death of the population of the region, diseases of the circulatory system, oncological diseases, accidents, and injuries are leading.

Thus, the main reason for depopulation is natural population decline, which has a stable and long-term nature. Another reason for the decline in the population of the district is the negative balance of migration.

The age structure of the population has not undergone significant changes in recent years.

table 2

Structural indicators of population

Indicators
1. Population structure: urban and rural (%)
1. Age structure of the population (%): under 16 years of working age of retirement age
3. The number of pensioners registered with the bodies of social protection of the population (people)
4. Indicator of "child load" on the working-age population (population under 16 years of age per one working-age)
5. The indicator of the "retirement burden" on the working-age population (the number of registered pensioners per one working-age population)
6. The total "load" on the working-age population (people) (4 + 5)

There is a specialized house for lonely elderly citizens and disabled people in the region, 14 people live in it, a Mercy department for 20 beds, and a 42-apartment house of Veterans, in which 62 people live.

In 1998, the State Institution “Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population with a Hospital for Social Services for Elderly Citizens and Disabled Persons” was opened in the district, in which there are emergency departments and home services.

2.3 Analysis of the activities and quality of services provided by MBU Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Bagansky District of the Novosibirsk Region

As of 01.01.2011, 812 (2009-858) low-income families are registered in the department of urgent social services and organizational and methodological support, there are 3097 (2009-3170) people in them, of which 1575 (2009-1533) are children, which is 17.3% (2009 - 17.6%) of the population.

Figure: 1. The number of citizens who received services from the social protection department

In 2010, the department of urgent social services and organizational and methodological support provided 1315 social services. Services provided to 635 people.

Economic assistance was provided to 799 (2009–838) families, in which 2179 (2009–2276) people were served. They provided 4509 (2009-3614) services in the amount of 4222 322 (2009-2 561 071) rubles, which on average for 1 person is 1938 (2009-1 125) rubles.

Including:

Table 3

Types of assistance in MBU "KTSSON Bagan region"

Name of aid	People / families 2010		People / families, 2009	Amount, 2009
1. Products and New Year gifts
2. Hot food (health improvement)
3. Material (and other) assistance
4. Social assistance for paid treatment
5. Payment for travel
6. Remaining funds
7. Children's wellness stays and delivery

For these purposes, funds were spent from the budgets of all levels: 1. Regional budget: 3938.6 thousand rubles (2009-2076.1)

Local budget: 283.7 thousand rubles (2009 - 192.7)

Federal budget: - (2009-292.3)

11.3 thousand rubles were spent to finance cultural events. (2009 - 22.8 thousand rubles)

Prepared by:

17 meetings (2009 - 11) of the regional commission "On the provision of material social assistance to low-income residents of the Bagan District".

16 (2009 - 16) packages of documents ordered by the Department of Benefits and Social Benefits,

3 (2009 - 3) packages of documents for the Department of Social Development and Ensuring the Rights of Citizens to Social Protection.

35 (2009 - 53) applications for targeted in-kind assistance. The Ministry made a decision to provide assistance to 28 (2009 - 35) applicants, refused 7 (2009 - 18).

Registered:

1201 (2009 - 1041) family exits, registered and on applications for financial assistance ;

oral appeals of citizens: 6 611 (2009 - 7791);

Issued 297 (2009 - 313) certificates for social scholarships.

The fair of used things received 715 (2009-535) units, issued 676 (2009 - 493) units.

The department's specialists provided assistance to the department of benefits and social payments in collecting packages of documents for measures of social support for citizens of various categories:

474 (2008 - 589) package of documents for registration of subsidies for housing and communal services,

850 (2008 - 785) packages of documents for the registration of declarations for the monthly allowance for children.

465 participants of the Second World War and home front workers were examined; a social passport was drawn up for each.

The Department of Benefits and Social Payments was provided with lists of large families in greatest need of compensation for the purchase of school uniforms (110 families with 255 children).

The department's specialists have prepared 43 packages of documents for the provision of one-time financial assistance when a child from a large family enters the first grade of general educational institutions.

During this period, social workers made 27637 (25890) home visits and provided 63,549 (73,693) services. The Center received 108897 (56269) rubles from the provision of social services, 3600 (6800) rubles from the services of a hairdresser and seamstress, a total of 11897 (66425) rubles. In 2010, the branch of the Intensive Care (Mercy) Boarding House provided 96,971 paid services in the amount of 480,480 rubles. Assistance was provided in the registration and delivery of 15 (4) pensioners to the branch "Intensive care boarding school (mercy)" in the village. Kazanka, which was decided at 12 (8) meetings of the commission for the distribution of social housing, 37 (36) applications were considered. According to the implementation of 122 of the Law "On Veterans" in 2010, 1429 (1756) tickets for the privileged category of citizens were sold. At the end of the reporting period, 989 disabled adults (2009 - 945 people) live on the territory of the Bagan district, 59 people with disabilities (2009 - 61 people).

Table 4

Types of social services provided by the Department of Benefits and Social Benefits of MBU "KTSSON Bagan District":

Socio-medical	5302 services - 171 people	6714services - 97 people
Socio-pedagogical	2502 services - 511 people	3118 services - 327 people
Socio-psychological	1392 services - 153 people	4129 services - 64 people
Socio-economic		276 services-147 people
Social and household		929 services - 95 people
Social and legal		50 services - 39 people
	9196 services - 491 people	15 216 services - 235 people

During the reporting period, the department registered 536 oral appeals of citizens (2009 -385). The main category of applicants are people with disabilities, parents of children with disabilities on the implementation of IPR and undergoing rehabilitation, as well as people of retirement age and parents of n / a children on the issues of health improvement in the DOL and SOL region, in the department and organization of leisure.

During this period, according to the recommendations of the IPR, disabled people were sent for rehabilitation to the Regional Center for Socio-Cultural Rehabilitation of Disabled People, 5 people, to the Regional Rehabilitation Center for Children with Disabilities, 5 children.

During the reporting period, the department for the prevention of neglect, delinquency and vagrancy of children and adolescents provided a total of 1,779 pedagogical services: 55 children, 205 adults (2009 - 1148 services to 82 children, 107 adults).

In the Bagan region, there are 98 disadvantaged families with 256 children (2009: 105 families, 280 children) registered with the OPBPBDP KTSSON. During the reporting period, 18 families were identified and registered with 38 minors (2009: 14 families of 32 children), 25 families of 59 children were deregistered, of which 14 were for correction (2009: 11 families - 26 children, 1 on correction). The predominant risk factor is criminal, because most of the parents in these families abuse alcohol, have previously been convicted, children in these families are neglected, pedagogically neglected, 26 of them are registered with the police department for offenses (2009 - 24).

Social patronage plays an important role when working with families of the “risk group”. During the reporting period, 1050 family visits were carried out (2009 - 1084). The main goal of patronage is to restore normal conditions for living and raising children in a family.

Efficiency of work with dysfunctional families and juveniles prone to delinquency is achieved through the joint work of all departments of prevention. Together with the PDN OVD, social teachers of schools, OKDN and ZP, UII, 41 raids were carried out (2009 - 45), 126 families were examined (2009 - 130). They took part in 12 CDs and RFPs 76 materials on minors were considered (2009 - 75). Sent to the Department of Guardianship, Department of Internal Affairs, Central District Hospital, Penitentiary Institute, KDN, 176 materials on the facts of failure to fulfill parental duties (2009 - 98).

Assistance was provided in the treatment of 25 parents from SGR from alcohol addiction (2009 - 14).

Organized the placement of 16 minors from 11 families who found themselves in a difficult life situation in social rehabilitation centers for minors in the Tatar region and Krasnozersky region. Assistance was provided in the placement of 1 minor (r \\ inv) from the SGR, who ended up in the TZS in the Chumakovsky boarding school of the Kuibyshev district.

Chapter 3. Improving the quality of social services in MBU Complex center of social services for the population of the Bagansky district of the Novosibirsk region

3.1 Problems and difficulties in the activities of MBU Complex center of social services for the population of the Bagansky district of the Novosibirsk region. Factors and reasons impeding the improvement of service quality

As an organic component of the redistributive system in the society of state socialism, the system of social benefits must undergo cardinal changes, since at present it has lost its socio-economic efficiency

According to Russian legislation, social benefits and benefits are provided to 2/3 of the country's population. In Russia, there are about 150 types of social payments, benefits, benefits, subsidies from budget funds, covering more than 200 different categories of the population (veterans, children, disabled people, student youth, etc.). The small size of benefits and benefits does not really improve the situation of their recipients. There is an underestimation of the real standard of living of beneficiaries of benefits, the real need for them. There is no priority in the provision of benefits (allocation of priority groups and taking into account the importance, urgency of needs, satisfied with the help of individual benefits in these groups). The measures carried out are not always targeted (evidence of this is the weak differentiation of the share of state transfers in the monetary income of the rich and the poor).

There is no clearly defined division of powers of budgets of different levels in their provision. The total cost of all types of social support is estimated at 350 billion rubles. The share of the population eligible for social guarantees, benefits and payments is about 68%, that is, almost 100 million people can apply and actually apply for them, and the overwhelming number of benefits is provided on a categorical basis. It is obvious that real budgetary financing of social expenditures on such a scale is rather difficult to carry out, which leads to non-fulfillment of federal legislation, non-fulfillment by the state of its obligations to citizens and, ultimately, to discredit of state power. The reform of social benefits should be considered in the context of creating an integral mechanism for implementing social policy in the context of the transition to a market, including state social guarantees, a system of support for those in need and an optimal set of benefits that perform a specific function that cannot be reduced to other types of social policy. The reform of the system of benefits should combine the radical abolition of benefits for certain categories of citizens, leave them only to people "for special services" to society and the state, and streamline these benefits. Benefits for some socially weak groups of the population (children of certain ages, children from large families, disabled people who have suffered from disasters, etc.) should be transferred to the system of state support for those in need based on a broad approach to the concept of “neediness”.

The most important question is about the distribution of responsibility in ensuring social benefits between the state (and in it - between the budgets of different levels), entrepreneurs, public (charitable organizations). Reforming the mechanism involves the separation of powers of budgets of different levels, state and non-state organizations, depending on the socio-economic content of benefits, their addressees and the purposes of their provision.

The source of funding for benefits for beneficiaries "for special merits", as well as for the rehabilitated, family members of the victims, victims of environmental disasters, children 1 year of age, disabled people and disabled children is the federal budget, from which benefits transferred to the system of state social guarantees should be provided ... In the preserved benefits for housing and communal services (only for war veterans and persons equated to them "for special merits"), the source of funding is the share of the federal budget and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, which in turn will reduce the amount of assistance to them from the federal budget. With the abolition of tax benefits for some categories of beneficiaries in accordance with the distribution of income from taxes on individuals, more than half of the savings will be received by the budgets of the subjects of the Federation and local budgets, which will be a significant source of replenishment.

You can also switch from compensating for losses from benefits by transport enterprises at the expense of the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local budgets to paying compensations directly to citizens who have been left with benefits for travel on transport, money or travel documents with payment of 100, 50 (or less)% (professional beneficiaries at the expense of the employer, including the obligation to provide certain benefits in labor agreements; students - at the expense of educational organizations, pensioners at the expense of the Pension Fund). But it should be borne in mind that for military personnel, prosecutors and those equated to them, this practice can lead to an increase in the burden on the federal budget, since these categories are financed from the federal budget.

You can also consider several more options for an action strategy in the field of improving the financial organization of social benefits:

It is possible to expand the range of paid social services and, on this basis, remove part of the burden from the state budget, as well as the non-insurance burden from the pension system of social insurance by transferring part of the obligations fulfilled by the latter to the social protection system. This requires the development of forms, methods, conditions of social services, strengthening its material and technical base, the development of non-state, alternative forms of social services. Introduction of differentiated conditions and norms of social services for the population - taking into account the level of average per capita income of the population and the subsistence minimum.

It is necessary to work out new, justified rates of insurance contributions to state off-budget social funds, using modern topical methods that ensure the financial balance of insurance organizations, their fulfillment of obligations to policyholders. It is also advisable to change the existing rates of insurance premiums, for example:

due to the redistribution of non-core functions between extra-budgetary social funds (for example, transferring to the health insurance fund “care” for temporary disability of the population and the function of paying appropriate benefits), taking into account the specialization of each of them, orienting each fund more towards protecting the population from adequate risks;

by introducing differentiated tariff contributions to social insurance funds: increased - for enterprises with a high level of occupational diseases, injuries, and reduced - for enterprises with a relatively lower level of morbidity, injuries, etc.

shrinking, squeezing replacement rates of unemployment benefits; and reducing the regressive nature of these benefits for long-term workers.

In addition, it is possible to raise the issue of differentiating the amount of deductions from the centralized part of the State Employment Fund of the Russian Federation to the constituent entities of the Federation, taking into account the level of unemployment in these regions.

Development of institutions of non-state social insurance (not only pension, but also unemployment insurance, medical). The guarantees of the stability of non-state social insurance systems should be a new investment policy - directing investments into the social sphere, its facilities, including enterprises. For the population, this will be accompanied by an improvement in the quality of social services and an increase in its availability.

It is possible to attract funds from the population in the form of cash payments to the real sector of the economy and the social sphere in particular. Interest: the presence of a constant, stable demand for social services (for example, medicines, prostheses, special vehicles, social services, etc.). This can be achieved in the process of privatization of part of the stationary institutions of the social sphere and prosthetic and orthopedic enterprises, the creation on their basis of open joint-stock companies with the participation of the population entitled to social payments, the creation of a system of social investment funds

It is necessary to intensify the participation of the population in financing social protection programs, to strengthen their personal responsibility for their own social protection - not only for maintaining health and working capacity, but also for old age, unemployment, etc. - through the system of additional insurance for old age, unemployment, illness, etc. etc.

Part of the funds spent on licensing the activities of social institutions and enterprises can be used for the development of the industry itself.

With regard to the working conditions of the MBU, the Complex Center for Social Services for the Population of Bagan District, for the implementation of all the above measures, first of all, computerization of all departments is required. And the creation of a single information network within the organization will significantly increase labor productivity. This is due to the fact that the work of all departments is closely related and information from one is often needed by another. Having a common database in electronic form, each branch will be able to obtain the necessary information without delay. There will be no need to ask applicants to wait a few hours or come in another day in order to have time to view all the documents in another department.

Computerization will make it necessary to train the Center's employees to work with computers, since the heads of 3 out of 5 departments are of pre-retirement age. When using the information network, one of the most pressing and pressing issues that both users and technical staff of the computer science committee have to face is information security. Over the years of the committee's existence and the operation of the information network, we had to face more than once information security problems.

The staff of the Center have never worked with information networks.

One of the main factors affecting the efficiency of using the information network is the level of computer literacy of users. For employees of social protection organizations of all levels, as well as for employees of the district administration, these requirements are even more relevant, since the effectiveness of the entire complex of structures is set depending on their qualifications. local government and, ultimately, the quality of life of the population of the respective territory.

The creation of an information network will allow the departments to communicate with each other and provide each other with information in the shortest possible time. And the creation of an electronic mailbox will allow you to receive decisions, orders and orders of higher authorities on the day of its publication without delay. This, in turn, will allow timely introduction of all changes into the work of the Center.

social protection service population

3.2 Recommendations for improving the activities of MBU Complex center of social services for the population of the Bagansky district of the Novosibirsk region, improving the quality of service

In recent years, the situation in the field of social services for the population has undergone significant changes. A fundamentally new system of social protection of the population has been created to replace the previously existing social security system, which includes institutions for the social protection of families and children, territorial centers of social services for the population, departments of social assistance at home and urgent social assistance services. New inpatient facilities for the elderly and disabled are being put into operation. Social service institutions provide assistance not only to the elderly, disabled people, families and children, but also actively work to solve the problems of child neglect, social assistance to persons without a fixed abode.

The modernization of the system of social protection of citizens should be based on the following principles.

The principle of state responsibility is constant activity to create conditions for reliable social protection of the population in accordance with the changes taking place in society; to improve their social status through sufficient material, technical, personnel and organizational support of the relevant institutional structures; fulfillment of obligations to prevent poverty and deprivation associated with forced migration, emergency situations natural and technogenic character.

The principle of equality of all citizens - the equal right to protection and assistance in difficult life situations, regardless of social status, nationality, place of residence, political and religious beliefs, economic contribution, to make decisions regarding their life activities, to provide equal opportunities for self-realization in the labor sphere and social activities ...

The principle of combining legal and ethical regulation is the observance of human rights, legal norms, the effective use of legal mechanisms for the implementation of political decisions in relation to all citizens, combined with the provision of conditions for fair treatment of those in need.

The principle of social participation is to stimulate the activities of the needy categories of citizens for self-sufficiency, obtaining additional benefits at the expense of their own efforts, as well as helping them to improve the quality of life on their own, achieve economic independence, voluntary manifestation of initiative and activity, intellectual development and creativity throughout life ...

The principle of social partnership is interaction between the state and citizens in the implementation of activities aimed at achieving the well-being and social well-being of the needy categories of people, constant cooperation with public associations, religious, charitable organizations and other social partners involved in the provision of assistance and services.

The principle of continuity of measures of state social policy in relation to the needy categories of citizens is the preservation of the achieved social guarantees of support for the population and the progressive development of activities in their interests.

The principle of social efficiency is the positive results of measures aimed at improving the well-being and social well-being of the population, maintaining their high social status, strengthening social ties and meeting cultural needs.

The principle of the unity of policy in relation to citizens in need of state support at the federal, regional and local levels is to ensure that the elderly are provided with minimum social guarantees and benefits established at the federal level, supplemented and developed at the level of the subjects of the Russian Federation and local governments.

ensuring the maximum implementation of the adopted federal and regional programs of social protection of the population, as well as increasing the minimum wage, bringing it as close as possible to the living wage of a working-age person.

There is an acute problem of training specialists in social work in Russian universities, which does not have established traditions and a long history. Training specialists in such a multifaceted, complex in content and forms of implementation, type of activity as social protection cannot immediately take shape and begin to function as an integral system, especially in the conditions of socio-economic transformations in which Russia is now. Social work requires a new, complete and detailed structure of the preparation process, ranging from the study of social order to individual continuing education programs in the process of continuing education.

An important direction of reforming the provision of social support to the population is to change the principles of social protection for various categories of people in need:

In the development of social protection and rehabilitation of disabled people.

Currently, the problem of disability of the population is acute and this problem needs to be given sufficient attention. Emphasis should be placed on the comprehensive rehabilitation of disabled people, allowing them to overcome the limitations of their life and ensure participation in the life of society, paying special attention to the rehabilitation of disabled children who can become its full members. In addition, it is necessary to shift the emphasis from the policy of inpatient services for the disabled towards their independent living and providing assistance at home.

Rehabilitation of persons with disabilities is an effective measure of their social protection, it is economically viable, since the payment for these measures is more beneficial to the state than the costs of paying disability pensions, therefore it is advisable to create centers for vocational rehabilitation of persons with disabilities, functioning (while maintaining a significant share of state funding) on \u200b\u200ba self-sustaining basis and self-financing; priority gratuitous transfer of property to disabled associations of closed unprofitable state-owned enterprises.

In the development of social protection for families, women and children.

In general, according to many indicators, the living conditions of the family, women and children remain unfavorable, which poses a threat to the physical and spiritual health of the population in the region and predetermines the need for purposeful efforts to overcome this situation. Therefore, the main directions for the development of social services for families with children, women and children should be:

ensuring the necessary conditions for improving the quality of life of families (increasing subsidies for children, controlling the prices of essential goods, strengthening control over medical institutions);

creation of favorable conditions for the full and equal participation of women in political, economic, social and cultural life;

ensuring the rights of children to their full-fledged physical, intellectual, moral and social development (development of children's clubs, sports clubs, circles, organizing excursions to other cities).

Solving the set tasks requires the adoption of a number of significant measures to improve the mechanisms for implementing social policy in the interests of the family, women and children, including in the field of family support:

government incentives for small businesses, including family businesses;

development of a network of specialized institutions for social services for families, children and adolescents, expanding the list of services they provide, including counseling, psychotherapeutic, for overcoming crisis situations, socio-psychological adaptation to new conditions.

In order to improve the situation of children, I would like to make proposals of the following order:

provision of additional guarantees in social rehabilitation and adaptation of children in difficult life situations, including orphans, disabled children;

expansion of state support and development of new forms of family education for children who have lost parental care (foster families, foster (foster) families);

creation of an effective system for the prevention of neglect, drug addiction and juvenile delinquency, social protection of children in difficult life situations, including socially maladjusted children and children with disabilities.

the period of rehabilitation of a child in an institution must be justified by his individual problems.

work on the organization of health-improving recreation for children in need of special care of the state should be put on a new level. It is necessary to continue the practice of setting up day camps at social service centers, providing conditions for good rest and rehabilitation of children. Particular attention should be paid to their labor education, introduction to socially useful work.

In the field of social protection of elderly citizens.

A change in the social status of a person in old age, caused, first of all, by the termination or restriction of labor activity, changes in value orientations, the way of life itself, the emergence of difficulties in social, household, psychological adaptation to new conditions, requires the development of special approaches, forms and methods of social work with senior citizens.

As a rule, fitness for work with senior citizens and disabled people at home is primarily determined by the stamina and physical strength of the social worker. This is due to the fact that the activity of a department employee is very hard work associated with great physical exertion. Currently, the maximum permissible loads for women have been established when delivering food to their homes, per ward per visit - up to 7 kg.

If a social worker does not exceed the norm, then for one visit he brings when working for one (8 people) - 56 kg, when working for 1, the rate (12 people) - 84 kg.

According to the latest regulations, a social worker must visit his wards at least 2-3 times a week. At the request or request of the person served, home visits can be made 4 times a week.

So a social worker during a full working week brings (at full load) up to 112 kg - when working at one rate and up to 168 kg - when working at 1.5 rates.

The list of products ordered by the served citizens is as follows: bread, milk, cereals, vegetables, meat, etc. According to the assessment of the volume of products brought, it can be said that everything and the range depends on the material well-being of the person being served, as a rule, this is the amount of the pension received, in more rare cases additional assistance from relatives and friends. But even if senior citizens and disabled people receive the minimum pension, all social services and the delivery of essential items seem to fall on the shoulders of the social worker.

This problem could be solved or facilitate the work of employees with the following options:

The Center has vehicles for the delivery of food, industrial goods, etc.

Add the mover rate as an internal combination - to the driver. Since any grocery, material or humanitarian aid provided to the center is unloaded with the help of a driver, the latter will have a material interest in better performance of duties for the delivery of food, industrial goods, etc.

In the process of normal life, a person is engaged in a variety of daily activities: professional activities, education, household chores, communication with people, sleep, rest, leisure. Leisure implies an occupation that gives a person a sense of pleasure, high spirits and joy. People spend their leisure time in order to relax, relieve stress, feel physical and psychological satisfaction, share their interests with friends and family, establish social contacts and get an opportunity for self-expression or creative activity. Therefore, when organizing social services, it is necessary to solve the problem of leisure by organizing various events with the funds of the Center or the elderly themselves.

For example, you can include the following activities:

Sports or various physical activities (the role of a spectator, participant, coach or any other organizational activity);

Hobbies (various activities of interest);

board games

entertainment (watching TV, movies, reading literature, listening to radio broadcasts);

communication with other people ( telephone conversations, writing letters, invitations, organizing and attending evenings and other entertainment events).

It is also possible to organize training in computer games, as is practiced in Western countries.

The organization of leisure will help solve such problems as: loneliness, communication, moral relationships, problems of alcoholism and adaptation of older citizens to a new social role. Correctly selected sports exercises, with the help of medical workers, will help to some extent solve the problem of the weakened health of older citizens. Leisure and recreation play a particularly important role in the lives of older people, especially when their participation in the labor force is difficult. Thus, incorporating leisure activities into comprehensive social service plans will help solve most of the problems faced by older citizens.

Employment problems can be solved by organizing summer labor teams. Many elderly people live in wooden houses and have their own vegetable gardens, which are not able to cultivate the entire area without assistance. Elderly people who live in communal apartments and do not have any special deviations in health could help such citizens. The harvested crop can be distributed to all elderly citizens in need, creating a fund to help the poor and frail elderly people with vegetable products, and the rest of the harvest can be sold through a network of stores. Thus, older people who took part in the labor "front" will have additional earnings, including the owners of vegetable gardens and the provision of vegetables for the winter, this will contribute to solving financial problems.

You can organize workshops for the production of various handicrafts, many elderly citizens do needlework all their lives (embroider, knit, weave various products, make various souvenirs, etc.) - these products can also be sold through a chain of stores and profitable from the sale of products will help to solve to some extent the material problem of the elderly and the problem of leisure.

In order to maintain the health of senior citizens, it is possible to organize pre-medical sanitary services for senior citizens. Most of the elderly are unable to maintain their health through spa treatment. Therefore, a “sanatorium at home” is the best option for such people. This form of social service is based on enhanced medication, physiotherapy treatment and dietary nutrition of the elderly at home. For 18-20 days, elderly people are under the supervision of doctors, social workers, cultural workers. Thus, the problem of sanitary treatment is solved.

Social and domestic issues in the field of social services can be solved by organizing mobile repair teams that will repair houses, outbuildings, stoves, and procure fuel.

Conclusion

The transition to the market, the deterioration of the living conditions of a significant part of the country's population, especially the unemployed, pensioners, families with children, revealed the inability of the previous social security system to guarantee every person a decent standard of living. This required its reform and almost complete renewal in the field of social security.

Social services to the population in the region are rendered by MBU "KTSSON of Bagan region". In 2010, the departments of the center for social services provided a total of 183339 services - 4970 people (in 2009 - 92,231 services, 4242 people).

As of 01.01.2011, 812 (2009-858) low-income families are registered in the department of urgent social services and organizational and methodological support, there are 3,097 (2009-3,170) people in them, of which 1,575 (2009-1533) are children, which is 17.3% (2009 - 17.6%) of the population.

In 2010, the department of urgent social services and organizational and methodological support provided 1315 social services. Services provided to 635 people.

Economic assistance was provided to 799 (2009–838) families, in which 2179 (2009–2276) people were served. They were provided 4,509 (2009-3614) services in the amount of 4222,322 (2009-2561,071) rubles, which on average for 1 person is 1938 (2009-1,125) rubles.

As of 1.010.2011, there are 117 (122) people on social services at home, of which 79 (86) are women and 38 (36) men, including 50 (56) elderly citizens, 51 (46) disabled people, UVOV 4 (5), IVOV 6 (9), widows 6 (7) people. They are served by 13 social workers and 32 (26) contract workers.

During the reporting period, 298 (350) planned visits were carried out, as a result of which the living conditions of single citizens who were served were examined and the work of 68 (148) social workers was checked.

During this period, social workers made 27637 (25890) home visits and provided 63,549 (73,693) services. The Center received 108897 (56269) rubles from the provision of social services, 3600 (6800) rubles from the services of a hairdresser and seamstress, a total of 11897 (66425) rubles. In 2010, the branch of the Intensive Care (Mercy) Boarding House provided 96,971 paid services in the amount of 480,480 rubles.

Assistance was provided in the registration and delivery of 15 (4) pensioners to the branch "Intensive care boarding school (mercy)" in the village. Kazanka, which was decided at 12 (8) meetings of the commission for the distribution of social housing, 37 (36) applications were considered.

According to the implementation of 122 of the Law "On Veterans" in 2010, 1429 (1756) travel tickets were sold for the privileged category of citizens.

At the end of the reporting period, 989 disabled adults (2009 - 945 people) live on the territory of the Bagan district, 59 people with disabilities (2009 - 61 people).

According to Russian legislation, social benefits and benefits are provided to 2/3 of the country's population. In Russia, there are about 150 types of social payments, benefits, benefits, subsidies from budget funds, covering more than 200 different categories of the population (veterans, children, disabled people, student youth, etc.). The small size of benefits and benefits does not really improve the situation of their recipients. There is an underestimation of the real standard of living of beneficiaries of benefits, the real need for them. There is no priority in the provision of benefits (allocation of priority groups and taking into account the importance, urgency of needs, satisfied with the help of individual benefits in these groups). The measures carried out are not always targeted (evidence of this is the weak differentiation of the share of state transfers in the monetary income of the rich and the poor).

The development of social protection for the population in the MBU Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population of the Bagan District of the Novosibirsk Region should be carried out by concentrating efforts on the consistent implementation of measures to strengthen and expand the system of social services for the population, providing a state-guaranteed level of social protection. To solve the set tasks for the development of social protection of the population, it is necessary:

improving the order of interaction in the field of social policy between federal executive bodies, executive bodies of the Novosibirsk region, local government bodies, enterprises and organizations of various forms of ownership;

increasing the responsibility of all authorities for its implementation;

development of the non-state sector in the social protection of the population;

improving the personnel policy in the system of social protection of the population, including increasing the social protection of social workers;

using international experience to adapt the social protection system to the realities of a market economy (Sweden, Germany, etc.);

organization of licensing of the activities of non-state structures, individuals and government services involved in the provision of social services to the population;

ensuring the maximum implementation of the adopted federal and regional programs of social protection of the population, as well as increasing the minimum wage, bringing it as close as possible to the living wage of a working-age person.

Bibliography

1. The Constitution of the Russian Federation (as amended on March 25, 2004). Adopted at a national referendum on December 12, 1993 - M .: IS "Code". 2005.

2. Civil Code of the Russian Federation // SP GARANT

Federal Law No. 1244 of 15.05.1991 "On social protection of citizens exposed to radiation as a result of the disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant

Federal Law No. 122 dated 02.08.1995 "On social services for elderly citizens and disabled people"

Federal Law No. 181 of November 24, 1995 "On social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation"

Federal Law No. 195 of 10.12.1995 "On the basics of social services for the population in the Russian Federation"

Federal Law No. 195 of 10.12.1995 "On the basics of social services for the population in the Russian Federation"

Federal Law No. 120 of June 24, 1999 "On the Basics of the System for the Prevention of Neglect and Juvenile Delinquency"

Federal Law No. 17 of 08.02.1998 "On Amendments and Additions to Article 8 of the Federal Law" On Additional Guarantees for Social Protection of Orphans and Children Left Without Parental Care "

Federal Law No. 178 of 17.07.1999 "On State Social Assistance"

Federal Law No. 123 of 08.08.2001 "On Amendments and Additions to Articles 15 and 16 of the Federal Law" On Social Protection of Disabled People in the Russian Federation "

Borisenko N. About the concept financial sustainability Pension Fund of the Russian Federation. // Economic Issues 2006 No. 7. p.106-122.

Vlasov V. Unemployed without benefits. // Social protection 2005 №1. page 19.

Galaganov P. State social assistance in the system of social security law. // Law and Politics 2008 No. 6. p. 81-87.

Delyagin N. Moment of Truth. // Social Protection 2007 No. 10. p. 4-7.

Zakharov M.L., Tuchkova E.G. Social Security Law of Russia: Textbook. - M .: Walters Kluver, 2008.-608s.

Kazban A.V. A brief overview of the world and domestic experience of reforming the social security of the population. // Accounting in budgetary and non-profit organizations 2006 №13. pp. 27-34.

Kalmykov V.V. The results of social policy of the 1990s and its reform in the early 2000s. // History of State and Law 2008 No. 6. p. 6-9.

Lisitsa V.N. On the main directions of codification of legislation in the field of social security. // Labor Law 2007 No. 10. pp. 16-23.

Novikova M., Sidorenko S. What standards do we need. // Socionomy 2007 №10. p. 10-14.

Osadchaya G.I. Welfare state and social policy. // Social policy and sociology 2007 №4. pp. 24-29.

Social Security Law of Russia: Textbook / ed. M.O.Buyanova, K.N. Gusova. - M .: TK Welby, Prospect Publishing House, 2008. - 488s.

Roik V. Pension reform: results and prospects. // Insurance 2008 №7. pp. 26-31.

Svetkina G.D., Gritsenko E.A. Social assistance: on the way to targeting. // Social work 2007 №2. pp. 5-7.

Social policy, level and quality of life. Dictionary. - Moscow: VTsUZh Publishing House, 2006 .-- 288 p.

Stafilova O.V. The accumulative component of the income of the compulsory pension insurance system. // Finance 2009 №2. p.51-53.

Taranukha Y. Monetization of social benefits: efficiency and justice. // Man and Labor 2007 №2. pp. 18-22.

Tkachenko A. Russia and developed countries on the path of pension reforms. // Power 2008 №6. p.62-68.

Ulanov S. Analysis of the provisions of Federal Law No. 122 in terms of "Monetization of benefits." // Social security 2007 No. 5. p. 12-15.

Sharin V. Social services: problems, ways of development. // Social security 2008 №1. p. 12-15.

Yanova S. Organization of social protection of the population as a system of social risk management. // Insurance 2007 №8. pp. 26-31.

Similar works on - The main directions of development of the sphere of social services for the population on the example of the municipal budgetary institution "Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population" of the Bagansky District of the Novosibirsk Region

Theoretical and methodological foundations of social services for the population in the Russian Federation. The history of the emergence of the direction and function of social services for the population in Russia. Economic and legal foundations of social services for the population.

Share your work on social media

If this work did not suit you at the bottom of the page there is a list of similar works. You can also use the search button

Other similar works that may interest you. Wshm\u003e
12984.		Financial planning and execution of estimates of income and expenses (on the example of the Budgetary Institution of Social Services of the Sokolsky Municipal District "Complex Center for Social Services of the Population	4.08 MB
	The concept and legal basis for the functioning of budgetary institutions in the Russian Federation. The main methods of planning income and expenditure estimates used in budgetary institutions of the Russian Federation at the present stage. Areas of improving financial planning and the efficiency of using budgetary resources in BU SO KTSON ...
18947.		Organization and management of social assistance for disabled people in St. Petersburg (on the example of the activities of the St. Petersburg State Institution Integrated Center for Social Services for the Population of the Kirovsky District of St. Petersburg)	578.35 KB
	To assess the activities and relationships in the selected labor groups, to determine the general nature of interpersonal interaction in various professional groups, to assess the ability of the teams to determine leaders and outsiders. To assess the activities and relationships in the selected labor groups, to determine the general nature of interpersonal interaction in various professional groups, to assess the ability of the teams to determine leaders and outsiders. Assess the activities and relationships in the allocated labor ...
20634.		Economic foundations of the activities of social service institutions (On the example of the Khimki Committee for Social Protection of the Moscow Region)	58.46 KB
	The formation and development of social services in Russia began in the late 80s and early 90s. The most widespread are social service centers. They provided various services: targeted assistance, day-stay organization, clothing aid.
14350.		STRESS MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR EMPLOYEES IN SOCIAL SERVICE ORGANIZATIONS	134.82 KB
	In this paper, we consider the problem of dealing with stress in social service organizations using the example of GU KTSSO "Bereg". The importance of the empirical development of this problem is determined by the fact that, in terms of its content, the activities of social workers are classified as “high risk” in terms of the development of professional stress. Typical consequences of long-term experience of occupational stress in social workers are various physical and mental health problems.
7580.		The practice of social services for elderly citizens in the city of Bryansk (on the example of State Institution CSO "Kind Heart")	55.85 KB
	The meaning of social work is social rehabilitation, real recovery in habitual duties, functions, types of activities, the nature of relationships with people, the transformation of an elderly person from an object (client) into a subject.
10015.		RESEARCH OF THE EXPERIENCE AND QUALITY OF SOCIAL PROTECTION AND SOCIAL SERVICE OF ELDERLY AGED CITIZENS AS AN OBJECT OF SOCIAL WORK IN THE CONDITIONS OF GBU "TSOSHPVI TRANSPORTATION REGION"	320.73 KB
	The relevance of the work lies in the emergence of a public need for effective social assistance to the elderly in the context of socio-economic changes taking place in our country. Social work is aimed at psychological support for the elderly in various difficult and crisis situations that cause psychological discomfort and emotional instability, to promote effective adaptation to the social environment, to changing social conditions.
19012.		Improvement of remote banking services (on the example of OJSC "Rosgosstrakh Bank")	5.71 MB
	H1 Remote banking service RBS is a general term for technologies providing banking services on the basis of orders transmitted by the client remotely, that is, without his visit to the bank, most often using computer and telephone networks. To describe RBS technologies, various, in some cases, overlapping terms are used: Client-Bank Bank-Client Internet-Bank RBS System Electronic Bank Internet-Banking on-linebnking remotebnking directbnking homebnking internetbnking PC bnking ...
14407.		Formation and translation of the terminology of complex tourist services	69.8 KB
	Today, although more than forty years have passed, this statement remains relevant. In the absence of scientifically well-reasoned terminology, the fruitful and successful development of any science or field of knowledge is impossible. The fact is also indisputable
18907.		The concept and principles of social services	168.17 KB
	Description of the Department of Social Protection of the Population of the Mytishchi Municipal District of the Moscow Region. Analysis of the organization of social services for elderly citizens and the disabled and the provision of rehabilitation services to the population of the Mytishchi municipal district of the Moscow region ...
11324.		LEGAL REGULATION OF SOCIAL SERVICE OF CITIZENS	48.82 KB
	Those in need of help are recognized those who are unable to provide for their own existence or help themselves in special life situations, as well as those who do not receive sufficient help to have vital food and items

Similar documents

thesis, added 01/18/2014


Concepts, meanings, essence of forms of social services for disabled people. Analysis of social services for disabled people on the example of a comprehensive center for social services for the population. Meeting the needs of people with disabilities. The procedure for providing guarantees.

thesis, added 03/05/2018


Social policy of the state to support elderly citizens. Social problems of the elderly, especially the activities of social workers in social institutions and at home. Model of the center of social services for the population

thesis, added 03/31/2012


General characteristics and the legislative framework activities of the Regional State Autonomous Institution of Social Services "Primorsky Center for Social Services", Nakhodka. Coordination of social work with citizens and their families.

practice report added on 04/12/2018


Charter of the municipal institution of social protection of the population. Acts regulating its activities. Areas of social services for citizens. Categories and groups of the population in need of assistance. The procedure for providing state support.

practice report, added 12/16/2015


Lonely elderly people as an object of social work, analysis of their problems. Social services at home as a type of specific social activity, especially its implementation in relation to single elderly people. Personnel requirements.

term paper, added 10/25/2010


Study of the requirements for the work of social service institutions. Analysis of the openness of an institution, which is considered in three dimensions: cooperation with society, customers and employees. Research of directions of social services of the boarding school.

article added on 03/18/2018


The essence, goals, objectives and foundations of legal regulation in the field of social services for the population of the Russian Federation. The system of state and municipal social services as a tool for correcting the work of self-organization mechanisms in society.

abstract, added 02/19/2012


General characteristics of the sphere of social work, its tasks. Features of the system of social services for the population in Russia, the specifics of its structure, sources of funding and the importance of some types of assistance. Analysis of the main methods of this activity.

abstract, added 07/26/2010


Analysis of the main activities of the department of social protection of the population of the Territorial center of social services for the population of the Leninsky district. The specifics of planning activities. The procedure for the presentation of basic social benefits and payments.

Send your good work in the knowledge base is simple. Use the form below

Students, graduate students, young scientists using the knowledge base in their studies and work will be very grateful to you.

Posted on http://www.allbest.ru/

Introduction

Chapter 1. Characteristics of the institution social service center

1.1 General

1.2 Subject, goals and directions of the Center's activities

1.3 Legal and regulatory framework of the Center

1.4 Organization structure

1.5 Personnel of the Center

1.6 Staffing

1.7 Principles of recruiting

1.8 Sources of funding

1.9 Logistics

Chapter 2. Analysis of the activities of the Center for Social Services

2.1 Models and technologies of social services for lonely pensioners used in the MU "CSO of elderly citizens and disabled people" of the Oktyabrsky district of Krasnoyarsk

Conclusions on the passage of practice

List of references

Introduction

Undergraduate practice is aimed at deepening and consolidating the knowledge gained in the course of theoretical training in the field of social work, acquiring basic practical skills professional activity... social service pensioner

The purpose of the practice is direct practical preparation for independent work in the specialty, collecting material on scientific work and preparation for passing state certification exams, deepening and consolidating theoretical knowledge, gaining experience in organizational work in a team.

Undergraduate practice was carried out in the municipal budgetary institution "Center for Social Services for Elderly and Disabled Citizens of the Oktyabrsky District of Krasnoyarsk", which implements the functions of state policy and state regulation in the field of social protection of the population.

Practice objectives:

Practicing administrative skills, managing the structural unit of the institution;

Development of experience in working with official documents, documentation;

Analyze the system of methods and techniques used to provide social assistance to the population;

Study the legal and regulatory documents in the field of social services for the population;

The main directions and specifics of the activities of the social institution in which the practice is carried out;

Draw conclusions and develop practical recommendations for improving the system of social assistance to the population in the Center for Social Services in Krasnoyarsk.

In the process of passing the undergraduate practice, the collection, processing and generalization of information of a social nature was carried out, revealing the nature and content of the activities of the organization of social work in the system of social protection of the population.

Chapter1. Characteristics of the institution social service center

1.1 General Provisions

The municipal budgetary institution "Center for Social Services for Elderly and Disabled Citizens of the City of Krasnoyarsk" (hereinafter referred to as the Center) is a non-profit organization that carries out organizational, practical and coordination activities to provide services to elderly citizens and disabled people.

Full official name; municipal budgetary institution "Center for social services for elderly citizens and disabled people of the Oktyabrsky district of Krasnoyarsk." The abbreviated name of MBU "CSO of the Oktyabrsky district".

The legal address of the center: 660130, Krasnoyarsk, st. Petra Slovtsova, 9. The actual address of the Center is 660130, Krasnoyarsk, st. Peter Slovtsova, 9.

Home Social Services has existed since 1988. In February 1994, in order to further improve the system of social services for the elderly, invalids and other groups of the population in need of social support, the Center for Social Services for the Elderly and Disabled Citizens of the Oktyabrsky District of Krasnoyarsk was established. Amendments to the charter of the center, including the approval of the charter in a new edition, are carried out by the main department of social protection of the population of the administration of the city of Krasnoyarsk (hereinafter the Main Directorate), as the body coordinating the activities of the Center.

Changes made to the charter of the Center, the new edition of the charter are subject to state registration in the manner prescribed by the current legislation.

1.2 Subject,goals and activities of the Center

The subject of the Center's activities is the implementation of certain state powers transferred to local self-government bodies for social services to the population in the manner and under the conditions determined by the current legislation of the Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk Territory and legal acts of the city of Krasnoyarsk.

The purpose of the Center is to provide social, social pedagogical, legal, psychological, social - medical, household, consulting and other services to elderly citizens and disabled people who have partially lost the ability to self-service, as well as other categories of the population in need of social support.

The Center carries out, in accordance with the municipal assignment, activities related to the performance of work, the provision of services related to its main activities, determined by the legal acts of the city and the Charter. The center has no right to refuse to fulfill the municipal assignment.

The main activities of the Center are:

Social services for the population at home;

Semi-stationary social services;

Urgent social services;

Providing advisory assistance;

Assistance in the provision of material assistance;

Carrying out social adaptation and rehabilitation of citizens who find themselves in a difficult life situation.

Social services are carried out by the structural divisions of the Center in accordance with state standards of social services, approved by laws and other legal acts.

The center operates in cooperation with other institutions of social services for the population, bodies and territorial divisions of the city administration, educational institutions. health care, internal affairs bodies, organizations of all forms of ownership and organizational legal forms, citizens.

Implementation certain types activities requiring a special permit (license) in accordance with the current legislation are carried out on the basis of such a permit (license).

The center provides the following main types of social services:

Social and household - aimed at maintaining the vital activity of citizens in everyday life;

Socio-medical - aimed at maintaining and improving the health of citizens;

Socio-psychological - providing for the correction of the psychological state of citizens for their adaptation in the environment (society);

Socio-pedagogical - aimed at preventing behavioral deviations and anomalies in the personal development of clients of social services, the formation of their positive interests, including in the field of leisure, the organization of their leisure time, assistance in the family upbringing of children;

Socio-economic - aimed at maintaining and improving living standards;

Socio-legal - aimed at maintaining or changing the legal status, providing legal assistance, protecting the legitimate rights and interests of citizens;

Social rehabilitation and other social services provided without providing accommodation;

The center can provide paid services only insofar as it serves to achieve the goals for which it was created, such services include:

Hygiene services;

Cleaning and maintenance services;

Minor repairs of clothes and linen;

Work in the yard and in the personal plot;

Preparation of firewood;

Other services;

The center provides a full range of social services to citizens who find themselves in difficult life situations, of the following groups:

Elderly citizens (men over 60 and women over 55),

People with disabilities (over 18 years of age) who have partially or completely lost the ability to self-service and who need outside support, social and domestic help in home conditions.

Families with disabled or long-term ill members, disabled persons,

Families and individuals who find themselves in an extreme situation (victims of natural disasters or similar events), families of refugees and internally displaced persons.

1.3 Regulatory-prthe base of the Center's activities

The municipal institution "Center for social services for elderly citizens and disabled people of the Oktyabrsky district of Krasnoyarsk" is based in its work on

The Constitution of the Russian Federation;

Federal Law of 02.08.95 No. 122 "On social services for elderly citizens and disabled people";

Federal Law No. 195 of 10.12.95 "On the Basics of Social Services for the Population in the Russian Federation";

Federal Law of 12.01.95 No. 5 "On Veterans";

Federal Law of November 24, 1995 No. 181 "On social protection of disabled people";

Federal Law of 17.07.99 No. 178 "On State Social Assistance";

national standards of the Russian Federation, including in the field of quality of social services;

the law of the Krasnoyarsk Territory of 10.12.04 No. 12-2705 "On social services for the population" (as amended by the law of the Krasnoyarsk Territory of 08.07.2010 No. 10-4858);

resolution of the Krasnoyarsk Territory Administration dated January 21, 2005, No. 13-p "On approval of the procedure and conditions for the provision of social services at home to elderly citizens and the disabled, as well as to citizens who have partially lost the ability to self-service due to illness";

resolution of the Krasnoyarsk Territory Administration dated 03.02.05, No. 37-p "On approval of the list of state-guaranteed social services provided to elderly citizens and the disabled";

resolution of the Council of Administration of the Krasnoyarsk Territory dated 03.02.05, No. 38-p "On the approval of tariffs for social services provided to the population by social service institutions";

resolution of the Council of Administration of the Krasnoyarsk Territory dated 26.06.07 No. 247-p "On approval of the quality standard for the provision of public services in the field of social protection of the population"

resolution of the Government of the Krasnoyarsk Territory of November 16, 2010 No. 551-p "On approval of the procedure for determining the amount of payment for social services at home, semi-stationary social services";

resolution of the Krasnoyarsk City Administration dated August 29, 2012, No. 373 “On Approval of Tariffs for Paid Additional Municipal Institutions of Social Services for the City of Krasnoyarsk”.

All activities of the Center are built in accordance with the current legislation. The main document of title is the Charter of the Center. In addition, there are Regulations on the basis of which payment for social services is established.

At the beginning of each year, the Center issues an order on the accounting policy of the Center, which sets out all the main points related to the work of the accounting department, the personnel department, heads of departments and deputy directors.

In addition, commissions are created:

to write off inventory items

for employee certification

on social insurance

to write off fixed assets

as well as the methodological council of the Center. The composition of all these commissions is fixed by the order of the director of the Center.

All orders issued in the Center are signed by the director, chief accountant, agreed with the legal entity

1.4 Organization structure

The center for social services is one of the most common forms of social services for elderly and disabled citizens and provides a wide range of socio-economic, medical and social, psychological and pedagogical, social legal, social and other social services and material assistance, adaptation and rehabilitation of citizens caught in a difficult life situation.

The specialists of the CSO serve at home 725 social clients from among the elderly and disabled. The Center has a rental point where the citizens of the district are provided with household and adaptive items for use. low prices... It turns out additional services... The activities of the departments are one of the main forms of service that prolongs the stay of the wards in their usual social environment.

The center has a certain structure, which is represented by the following divisions:

center administration;

home social services department (6 in total);

social rehabilitation department;

department of urgent social services;

organizational and methodological department.

The departments carry out their work in accordance with the Regulations on the departments, which determine: the procedure for the formation of the department; the legal position of the branch in the structure of the center; branch structure; tasks, functions, rights and responsibilities of the department; the order of interaction of the department with other departments of the center.

Each department is headed by a head who carries out general management of the department's work, organizes the selection and training of employees, organizes the work of social workers and monitors the quality of the provision of social services and their compliance with the needs of citizens.

The structural divisions of the center provide social welfare, social rehabilitation, counseling and other social services to elderly citizens and disabled people, citizens in difficult life situations, and other categories of the population of the Oktyabrsky District who need social support.

Number of served	for 2013 - 8901 people
Number of staff
Clients: by state order	Elderly citizens and disabled people, certain categories of citizens in difficult life situations
on business	Elderly citizens and disabled people in need of additional social services
Served:	According to the municipal assignment, 6962 people are served annually, including 712 people at home services. By the end of 2013, the municipal task was completed in full.
Licensing	The provision of social and medical services is carried out in accordance with the license

The structural divisions in their activities are subordinate to the director of the Center, who manages its activities on the basis of one-man management. Each structural unit is headed by a head appointed by the director of the Center.

The main goal is aimed at maximally prolonging the stay of elderly citizens and disabled people in their usual social environment, at maintaining their personal and social status, protecting the rights and legitimate interests of this category of the population.

1.5 Personnel of the Center

The number of all employees of the center, including service personnel, is 145 people; 9 of them are heads of departments, 73 people. - specialists in social work, 34 people. - social workers, 2 people. - nursing staff and other staff positions.

Of all employees:

women - 136 people, men - 9 people.

By educational level: 73 people have higher education, 63 - secondary specialized, 10 - people have secondary education, 9 - get higher education.

The duties and functions of all employees of the center are determined by job descriptions. The job description sets out the job duties and rights of the employee, as well as the requirements for his qualifications, professional knowledge and skills.

Seminars are regularly held for social work specialists to study new regulations. Meetings are held to exchange experience with representatives of the Centers in other areas of the city.

The Center pays special attention to training and professional development of employees. In 2012, 27 employees of the Center were trained in refresher courses:

In October of this year, 12 social work specialists attended advanced training courses at the Krasnoyarsk Pedagogical College No. 2;

On the basis of Krasnoyarsk State University, 11 employees of the Center took advanced training courses;

On the basis of the Regional Medical College. V.M. Krutovsky - 4 nurses of the Center completed advanced training courses;

During the year, the heads of the Center's departments took part in meetings of the methodological association of managers, seminars-meetings "School of the Young Leader", in the meetings of the coordination methodological council of the Department of Social Protection of the Oktyabrsky District, planning meetings and studies conducted according to the plan of the Methodical Council of the MU "CSO of the October District".

1.6 Staffing

The staffing table of the center is approved by the director of the center in agreement with the founder within the funds allocated for these purposes by the city budget.

The staffing table reflects the structure of the center, staffing and staffing in accordance with the charter. It contains a list of structural divisions, positions, information on the number of staff units, official salaries, allowances and monthly wages. The staffing table gives the management the right to staff the center and its structural units with workers.

1.7 Principles of recruiting

Employees with higher professional (social, humanitarian, pedagogical, medical) education, work experience, as well as the necessary professional, ethical and personal qualities necessary for social work are appointed to managerial positions (deputy directors, chief accountant, heads of departments).

The positions of specialists in social work and social workers are accepted by persons with higher or secondary specialized education, possessing certain personal and moral qualities that are necessary in working with the elderly, as well as having experience in pedagogical, medical, social institutions. Persons hired for the position of a social worker undergo a medical examination before admission with the registration of admission to work.

When hiring an employee, an employment contract is concluded, indicating the date of admission, position, grade and allowances. An order for employment is issued, with which the employee must be familiarized with signature and a corresponding entry is made in the work book. A personal file is created for the employee, which is kept in the personnel department.

1.8 Sources of financing

The Center is financed from the municipal budget. In accordance with the expenses at the beginning of the year, the chief accountant draws up an estimate. The estimate provides for employee salary costs, taking into account the increase qualification ranks... Expenditures are planned for the purchase of monthly passes for social workers and specialists, stationery, fuel and lubricants for transport, as well as furniture and office equipment.

In addition, the Center has extra-budgetary funds that come to the cashier of the Center from payments for social services, in accordance with the Regulations. These funds can be spent on the development of the material and technical base.

All financial transactions carried out in the Center are documented and signed by the chief accountant and director.

The amount of accrued wages is transferred to the treasury, then to the bank. The funds are credited to the employee's plastic card account. Payment of funds to employees is made twice a month in the form of an advance payment and wages. Based on the results of work or on holidays, as well as anniversaries, according to the Regulations, employees are encouraged with cash bonuses.

1.9 Logistics support

The Center's activities include two major areas:

The first - strengthening the material and technical base of the Center itself, improving working conditions for workers, wages;

Second - service activities for citizens.

All financial and economic documentation of the Center is kept in the accounting department. The chief accountant draws up a cost estimate, controls the use of funds and prepares reports in accordance with the requirements of the instructions. The Center provides information on its activities to the bodies of social protection of the population, state statistics, tax authorities, the founder and other persons in accordance with the current legislation.

Work continues to strengthen the material and technical base of the Center, cooperation with sponsors is developing, for the reporting period the amount of this assistance amounted to 106.3 thousand rubles. The Health Without Drugs project won the tender for a municipal grant in the amount of 50 thousand rubles. With these funds for the daytime department, they purchased: an air conditioner, a mirror wall, 2 exercise machines, balls, dumbbells and other sports equipment. In 2010, at the expense of the Center's extra-budgetary funds, computers, a copier, a printer were purchased, an iron door was installed, and furniture was purchased. For the production needs of social workers and specialists, stationery and supplies for office equipment were purchased.

2. Analysisactivities of the Center for Social Services

Elderly citizens and disabled people are the most socially unprotected categories of the population who need special attention and social protection from the state.

The social service center is designed to provide targeted services to citizens in need of social support by providing social, household, medical, psychological, counseling and other assistance, as well as providing free social services. The highest priority form of social service for elderly single people in non-stationary conditions is the provision of social services at home - this form of service remains the most in demand. Departments of social services at home - the main task of the departments is to provide temporary or permanent provision to citizens who have partially lost the ability to self-service and in need of outside support, social and domestic help in home conditions.

The activities of the home social services department are aimed at the maximum possible extension of the stay of single citizens in their habitual environment and maintenance of their social, mental and physical status. The center for help and solving problems of single elderly people in the home service department provides a wide range of services

purchase and home delivery of food and industrial essential goods;

assistance in paying for utilities;

escorting those in need to medical institutions;

assistance in securing technical means care and rehabilitation, receiving prosthetic and orthopedic and hearing aid

assistance in obtaining benefits, allowances, compensations, alimony and other payments

cleaning of living quarters;

psychological conversations

handing over things for cleaning, dry cleaning, repairs and their return delivery;

assistance in paying for housing and utilities;

assistance in paperwork, writing and sending letters;

assistance in providing books, magazines, newspapers;

calling a doctor at home, assistance in hospitalization;

escorting serviced persons to medical institutions and visiting them in stationary institutions;

assistance in obtaining vouchers;

assistance in obtaining dental care, etc .;

assistance in obtaining a profession and employment;

assistance in obtaining legal services;

providing assistance on pension issues;

assistance in providing other benefits and advantages established by the current legislation;

A social worker visits a client 2-3 times a week and performs these services, one of the most popular is a conversation with a client, since they are single people due to their physical capabilities. Various diseases practically do not leave the house, many do not even communicate with neighbors, therefore communication for them is one of the important needs.

There are 880 clients on a permanent basis in the social services at home. There are 200 single elderly clients and the number of such clients is increasing every year.

Work on the formation of a data bank is constantly being carried out: citizens in need of social services are identified, specific types and forms of social assistance are determined, and differentiated accounting is carried out. During the reporting period, the home service department served 880 social clients. In total, in 2013, 314,969 social services of a different nature were provided to clients, of which 71583 social services were provided to single elderly citizens.

Social passport of clients served at home

Based on the table, we can conclude that the most demanded services are social, social, medical and social psychological.

Comparative table of the number of served social clients by social category in 6 social service departments at home

	Number of persons
	2011 g.	2012 g.	2013 g.
Single pensioners
Single married couples
Retirees

It should be noted that the number of single pensioners is growing, and the number of elderly pensioners is increasing.

The Center's specialists make significant efforts to maintain the vitality of the wards, prolonging their stay in the familiar environment. The average duration of service at the Center is 6 years in the home social services departments and 3 years 4 months in the specialized social and medical services department.

The most in need of social services at home are still clients aged 75 to 89 years, their number is 62.5% of the total number of those served.

As before, special attention is paid to improving the financial situation of the Center's clients.

Also, the problems of loneliness are solved in the department of urgent social services: the main direction of the department of urgent social services is to provide citizens in dire need of social support, one-time assistance aimed at supporting their life.

consultations of a social and legal nature, social welfare, assistance in paperwork;

psychological counseling;

assistance in the formation of packages of documents provided to citizens when contacting the USZN for the appointment of social support measures (subsidies, one-time material assistance, payment of utilities);

assistance in settling into a night home, boarding houses;

assistance in the restoration of identity documents;

rental of rehabilitation equipment (wheelchairs, crutches, walking sticks);

provision of used clothing, footwear, if necessary.

Since November 1, 2013, in the department of urgent social services, the Social Taxi service has been organized for elderly citizens and disabled people of the Oktyabrsky District.

Specialists of the department of urgent social services for the reporting period, 347 lonely people, including homeless people who applied to the department.

Among the services provided by the department: restoration of lost documents through the PVS of the Oktyabrsky district; paperwork in the boarding house; assistance in conducting ITU; home delivery of groceries; collection of things from the population for transfer to those in need; paperwork for the provision of material assistance, benefits and compensation; drawing up requests, letters to various organizations for citizens' appeal; writing statements of claim to justices of the peace and courts of general jurisdiction; representation of legitimate interests and protection of the rights of citizens in court; legal advice to citizens of the district and social clients of the Center; assistance to citizens in difficult life situations; registration of subsidies; restoration of citizenship and more.

There is a rental point for rehabilitation equipment (wheelchairs, crutches, walking sticks), the services of which were used by 15 single citizens. In 2013, 45 single citizens contacted the legal adviser of the department, who were provided with 203 services of a social and legal nature. Urgent social services for citizens in difficult life situations due to disability, unemployment, natural disasters are provided free of charge, no more than once a quarter.

Social rehabilitation departmentsthe main task of the department is to provide social and rehabilitation services to citizens who have retained the ability to self-service and active movement, organize their meals and rest, engage in feasible work and maintain an active lifestyle, assist in obtaining services from third-party organizations. Measures to overcome loneliness here are - admission of lonely pensioners, regardless of their marital status, for a rehabilitation course for a period of 10 working days;

Providing specialist advice: working with a psychologist with single people and solving their problems, nurses, social work specialists

social and medical assistance (teaching self-massage, monitoring health status, teaching relatives to care for patients, general physical education, sanitary and educational work);

Social and cultural rehabilitation (organization of leisure time, going out to theaters, city cinemas, etc.);

One-time individual consultations are carried out;

Social and legal advice on social protection and social services;

Occupational therapy (making products using techniques: collage, testoplasty, embroidery, batik, etc.);

Providing targeted assistance to a psychologist, nurse, social work specialists, labor instructor, health-improving physical education instructor;

On the basis of social and rehabilitation departments for senior citizens and disabled people work:

Comprehensive social rehabilitation at the races. Check-in is a comprehensive rehabilitation course for a group of 12 people for 10 days.

Where do they receive social and rehabilitation services in the complex:

health monitoring,

individual self-help consultations,

self-massage training,

medical massage,

health improving physical culture classes,

training on simulators, using sports equipment and inventory,

herbal medicine and aromatherapy sessions,

group psychological trainings,

individual psychological support,

lectures and workshops on a healthy lifestyle,

socio-cultural events and field excursions.

Exhibitions of creative works of vacationers are organized twice a year. During the year, 19-23 arrivals of 12 people are carried out.

Club activities are also developed, which plays an important role in solving the problems of loneliness.

For elderly citizens and disabled people, the "School of Health" group is used to organize health-improving and restorative classes, sports events;

For disabled people of working age, a group "Harmony" is organized where rehabilitation and leisure activities are carried out. creative activities, psychological trainings. Visiting theaters, excursions;

Music therapy group "Sing, friends", a group where elderly and lonely citizens gather, remember their young years and various pieces of music, sing and relax happily and amicably.

There is a group "Dolphin" visiting the pool;

For former military personnel and members of their families - the family club "Peacemaker", carrying out rehabilitation activities, organizing leisure activities;

Group "Secret of Youth" organization of health-improving and general strengthening activities, sports events;

For parents of soldiers killed in peacetime - club "At the samovar" excursions, evenings of meetings, holidays, vocal therapy, psychological trainings;

Click club teaching computer literacy to elderly and disabled citizens, also at home;

Massages for all retirees

Additional services: assistance in obtaining hairdressing services, organization of excursions and exits to entertainment centers and cultural institutions of the city

The number and quality of services of the social rehabilitation department are being increased. For 12 months 2013 these branches served: 1956 social clients, 322 of whom are single, the number of services increased by 51%, and the number served by 5%. This is due to the growth of social and medical services provided to participants in the School of Health and the Health Without Drugs program; sanitary and educational work carried out both among the clients of the Center and residents of the district; participation in the action "Keep the pressure under control" and more. As well as building up various types of services to former military personnel who underwent military service in "hot spots", parents of military personnel, family members of citizens dismissed from military service, disabled people and participants in the liquidation of consequences at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. As before, the most in demand are the services of a consultative appointment with a general practitioner, training in practical skills of first aid, one-time delivery of medicines to the home of citizens of the Oktyabrsky District. Significant sanitary and educational work is carried out with clients in the form of lectures and individual talks.

Meetings of former military personnel were organized together with the council of veterans, at which actions to solve common problems were discussed. Excursions to the sights of the city and monthly exits to theaters, cinemas, parks and museums were organized. In connection with the "Day of the Elderly" and "Mother's Day", memorable gifts were presented at the expense of sponsorship funds. In December, the department's specialists organized New Year's entertainment programs for children and adults with gifts and souvenirs. For 200 people, through the USZN of the Oktyabrsky District Administration, a subscription to the newspaper "Gorodskiye Novosti" was issued. Much attention in the work of the department is paid to work with sponsors.

2.1 Social service models and technologiessingle pensioners,used in the MU "CSO of elderly citizens and disabled people" of the Oktyabrsky district of Krasnoyarsk

The social service center of the Oktyabrsky district currently has a rather small number of programs to solve the problem of loneliness of the elderly. However, in the main areas of the Center's activities, work is being carried out aimed at expanding the range of services provided and introducing technologies for working with single elderly people.

First of all, such work concerns the development of non-stationary forms of service.

Currently, it is one of the main types of social services in the Center, the main goal of which is to maximize the stay of elderly people in their habitual environment, to support their personal and social status, to protect their rights and legitimate interests.

In 2013, an initiative group of social workers conducted a survey of a group of elderly people with the aim of a deeper study of the problem of loneliness of elderly people

30 clients of the department of social services at home of elderly citizens took part in the survey.

5 - married couples (living alone)

10 - single (without close relatives)

15 - citizens living alone.

The aim of the study was to study the opinion of clients of the social services at home about the problem of loneliness.

All 30 selected clients of the branch took part in the survey. Most of the respondents were women - 83% (see Appendix 15): at the age from 75 to 89 years - 67%; a small number of women aged 60 to 74 years - 17% and men 17% aged 75 to 79 - 3%, from 80 to 89 - 13%.

All the respondents consider themselves to be elderly people.

94% of the respondents noted that loneliness is the main problem, as well as psychological problems (fear, anxiety) 50%, health problems - 50%, only 6% of the respondents noted material problems. Many respondents noted several problems at once.

As part of the study, older people were asked what problems they most worried about. The distribution of answers to this question is presented in Table 1.

Table 1

Almost all respondents chose 2 answer options, or loneliness and health, or psychological problems and loneliness. Loneliness was chosen by 87% of the respondents, 50% - health, 50% - psychological problems.

93% of the respondents answered that first of all they turn to a social worker, 67% of the respondents turn to their neighbors, only 33% of the respondents turn to close relatives, and only 6% try to solve these problems on their own.

At the same time, most of the respondents 83% feel lonely people, 10% find it difficult to answer this question, and only 7% noted that they rarely feel lonely.

It was also found that 66% of respondents read or watch TV most of their free time, only 33% of respondents communicate with neighbors in their free time, 17% take care of plants (animals), and men noted: I read, watch TV.

The respondents noted that 66% of them lack health for an active life, 66% of the attention of those around them, and only a small part of the respondents 17% would like to find an interesting occupation.

Finally, it was found that communication with a social worker helps all respondents not to feel lonely.

Thus, after analyzing the results of the questionnaire, the staff of the Center came to the conclusion that the main problem of the respondents is loneliness, then health problems and psychological problems. If any problems arise, all respondents first of all turn to a social worker and only then to relatives and neighbors. All respondents noted that they are afraid of loneliness. Everyone has their own reasons, but the main one is a lack of communication. For an active life, they lack the health and attention of others. All respondents noted that communication with a social worker helps in overcoming loneliness.

These results explain the fact that the social work professional should be the initiator of the solution to the problem of loneliness. Therefore, at present, the employees of the non-stationary service department, in addition to "standard" functional duties, are trained in the peculiarities of communication with the elderly and perform the functions of interlocutor assistants. For the staff of the institution, trainings are regularly held on technologies for interacting with single elderly people.

As part of such events, social workers are involved in situational role-playing games conducted by specialists and correlated with specific topics. For example: on the topic "Communicative methods in working with lonely elderly people" employees were offered the following situations:

“An elderly person asks you to help him get the documents for the boarding house, arguing that poor health, it is difficult to go to the store, prepare food, and children who live in the same city with him have no time to take care of him, since work. Your actions?".

“Residents of one of the serviced houses told you that a single elderly woman lives in their house, who sits on a bench near the house most of the day, in any weather, because she is afraid to go home. How do you react to the message? "

“Among the clients of your service there is a modest woman with a hearing disability. How will you communicate with her? " and etc.

In the center we are considering, a social worker visits his wards at least twice a week. Home visits can be made three or more times a week if needed or requested by the person served. It is important to note that throughout the entire period of client service, the social worker not only does his job, but also takes an active part in the life of lonely elderly people.

The work of the day care department is also being improved.

The department carries out work on cultural services for elderly citizens who want to maintain an active lifestyle, who retain the ability to self-service.

To attract elderly citizens to feasible labor activity in the departments of the Center there are hobby clubs and clubs, cultural and entertainment events are held for visitors. Classes in circles are the most favorite activity for those who visit the department. To solve the problems of loneliness on the basis of the Center, the clubs "Gray Fidgets" and "Secret of Youth" were also created, where lonely elderly people can get together.

In these associations, there are several ways to solve the problem of loneliness at once, topics for communication appear that are interesting to all interlocutors, because often the problems of those visiting this association are the same. Joint activities appear, because such an association has its own circles, some learn the skills for which they previously did not have enough time, for example, drawing, knitting, etc. Some circles are led by the visitors of this association themselves. Also, the forces of the association itself hold various concerts and evening events. The club itself takes an active part in various events organized by the Center for Social Security of the Population, for example, writing various social projects that are really relevant to them.

In the long-term plan of work for the year, there is a special section on the organization of leisure for senior citizens in the departments and services of the Center. (Appendix 1). Heads of services in the plans for the month specifically indicate the time frame responsible for the preparation and conduct of cultural events, make up scenarios. The most acceptable forms of organizing leisure activities for pensioners are hobby clubs, "Sit-downs", "Health Schools", "Health Days", theme nights, excursions, exhibitions, which allows work both at the place of residence in apartments and in the building of the Center. Social workers unite their 7-10 clients, at someone's apartment and hold "Sit-rounds": in honor of Christmas, in honor of Easter, Trinity, March 8, May 9, with tea, pies, salads, ditties, songs, poems, stories. As practice has shown, "gatherings" in serviced apartments are a convenient form of dealing with the loneliness of older people, creating positive emotions, and improving the health status, especially of those who do not go further than their home.

It should be noted that participation in work and cultural and recreational activities of lonely pensioners gives them moral satisfaction and a sense of their own usefulness, also helping to overcome the problems of loneliness. Psychological assistance and communication, participation in cultural events, work and hobby activities are of great importance for single pensioners.

The center plans to further develop innovation activity through the development of projects, participation in competitions, continuous professional development of employees, the introduction of new methods, forms and means of working with categories that are serviced at the Center.

An important part of the work at the Center is the establishment of close interaction with sports and recreation centers, institutions of culture, education, health care, social sphere, consumer services, with public organizations: the regional Council of Veterans, the Oktyabrskaya local organization of the All-Russian Society of the Blind, and the regional society of the disabled.

Cooperation is carried out in order to identify the elderly and disabled people in need of social support in order to expand the range of rehabilitation activities.

Conclusions on the passage of practice

Social work plays a huge role in helping single seniors. In order for the work of subjects of social activity to be more purposeful and effective, you need to have a clear understanding of the problems of various socially vulnerable categories of the population.

And for this, in each district it is necessary to regularly conduct sociological research of problems. To systematize information, create a single data bank for the district.

The study of the problems posed in the study, the conclusions to which were summed up by its results, give grounds to formulate the following recommendations:

To actively introduce effective social technologies (mobile social assistance to single citizens, mobile social days);

Creation of mini-clubs at home, in order to expand the circle of communication of single clients;

Involvement of volunteers in work with elderly single people;

Improving the quality of service to the population through the creation of district social services in the territories of municipalities;

Creation of an album of clients' biographies (recording of impressions from a lived life, the most vivid memories, a description of current events);

Expand the range of services of the branches of the Center;

Professional development of specialists;

Carry out an individual approach to the client;

The current problems of social service institutions are that the legal framework remains weak, financial resources are limited. The protection of elderly single people requires a constant search for new forms of social services.

List of used literature

1. Constitution of the Russian Federation

2. Law of the Krasnoyarsk Territory dated 26.10.2006 No. 20-5293 (as amended on 29.04.2010) "On social support for families with children in the Krasnoyarsk Territory"

3. Law of the Krasnoyarsk Territory dated 10.12.2004 No. 12-2705 (as amended on 26.05.2009) "On social services for the population"

4. Law of the Krasnoyarsk Territory dated December 10, 2004 No. 12-2703 (as amended on December 24, 2009) "On measures of social support for veterans"

Posted on Allbest.ru

Similar documents

Concept, principles, goals and objectives of social services for the population. Types and specifics of the activities of social service institutions in the Russian Federation. Social service institutions for families and children, pensioners and disabled people.

term paper, added 06/21/2013


Normative legal documents in the field of social services for the population. Structural divisions of the center, main directions and specifics of activities, duties of specialists. Typology and characteristics of clients. Information system in the institution.

practice report, added 11/18/2009


The role of types of social services, their importance in the field of social services. Functions and principles of social services. The procedure and conditions for the provision of social services. Institutions of social services for the population: their types and specificity of activities.

term paper, added 01/23/2014


Fundamentals of social services for lonely elderly people in a social service center. The content of the activities of a specialist in social work and social services for lonely elderly people (on the example of the city of Sukhoi Log).

thesis, added 08/07/2010


Social problems of former convicts in modern Russian society. The principle of legality in the activities of social workers. Areas of activities of the Center for Social Services for Elderly Citizens released from prison.

test, added 10/22/2010


Essence, goals and objectives of social services for the population. The system of social services for the population: principles, functions, types and forms of activity. Social service institutions for families and children, pensioners. Social services for the disabled.

test, added 11/11/2008


Description of the essence, goals, objectives of social services for the population. The system of social services for the population: principles, functions, types, forms of activity. Description of modern problems of social services, its organization in the Rostov region.

term paper added 01/05/2017


State and municipal social policy in the Russian Federation; principles and functions of social protection systems in Western Europe. Recommendations for improving the activities of the MBU "Comprehensive Center for Social Services for the Population" of Bagansky District, Novosibirsk Region.

thesis, added 09/19/2011


The essence and features of methodological work in a social service institution on the example of the Budgetary social service institution of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Yugra "Center for Helping Children Left without Parental Care" Na Kalinka ".

thesis, added 11/19/2012


The concept and structure of social diagnostics, its basic principles and methods. Features of social diagnostics in the conditions of the territorial center of social services "Yaroslavsky". Analysis of the technology of social work, research of its methods.

Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation

Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution

Higher vocational education

Pskov state University

Department of State and Municipal Administration

COURSE WORK

Discipline: Human Resources

Topic: Analysis of the work performed and the assessment of personnel on the example of the GKUSO "Center for Social Services" of the Sebezh District.

Completed by student: Belyakova A.A.

Course work supervisor: Dmitrieva Yu.V.

Introduction

2 Personnel assessment methods

3 Legal and regulatory framework for social services.

1 General characteristics of the management system in the GKUSO "Center for Social Services" of the Sebezh District

2 Analysis of work performed and assessment of personnel on the example of social services for single elderly citizens

Conclusion

Appendix 1

Introduction

Evaluation of the personnel of any enterprise and the subsequent analysis of the results of this assessment allow us to understand the effectiveness of the work performed and develop an action plan in order to improve the possible identified "unfavorable" factors. These measures allow to determine employee satisfaction with work, and, therefore, to determine the mechanisms of their motivation. Based on the analysis of personnel assessment, conclusions can be drawn about the effectiveness of both an individual employee and the entire enterprise as a whole.

As part of this work, it is planned to conduct an assessment of personnel in order to determine the effectiveness of their labor activity in making managerial decisions.

The object of research of the course work is GKUSO "Center for Social Services" of the Sebezh District.

The subject of the study is to assess the staff of the institution.

The purpose of this work is to conduct an analysis based on the results of personnel assessment.

The objectives of this course work are:

.Study the theoretical and regulatory framework of the organization.

.Conduct an assessment of personnel using the example of GKUSO "Center for Social Services" of the Sebezh District.

.Analyze the results obtained.

Chapter 1. Theoretical aspects of the work performed and personnel assessment

1 Assessment of the performance of managers and management specialists

social service manager

Evaluation of labor results is one of the functions of personnel management, aimed at determining the level of efficiency of work performance. Evaluation of labor results is an integral part of the business assessment of personnel, along with the assessment of their professional behavior and personal qualities and consists in determining the compliance of the employee's work results with the set goals, planned indicators, and regulatory requirements.

The indicators of the final results of workers' labor, as well as its content, are influenced by a combination of various factors.

Taking these factors into account is mandatory when assessing the performance of specific officials in specific conditions of place and time, as it increases the degree of validity, objectivity and reliability of the assessment conclusions.

In its most general form, the result of the work of an employee of the management apparatus is characterized by the level or degree of achievement of the management goal at the lowest cost. At the same time, the correct definition of quantitative or qualitative indicators that reflect the ultimate goals of an organization or department is of great practical importance.

The indicators by which employees are evaluated are varied. These include the quality of work performed, its quantity, value assessment of the results. Evaluating performance requires a fairly large number of indicators that would cover both the volume of work (for example, the number of visits made by the sales agent) and its results (for example, the amount of revenue).

It is also necessary to highlight such a key concept as an assessment criterion - a kind of threshold beyond which the state of the indicator will meet or not meet the established (planned, standardized) requirements.

In connection with the division of managerial labor, the result of a manager's work, as a rule, is expressed through the results of production, economic and other activities of an organization or divisions (for example, fulfillment of a profit plan, an increase in the number of clients, etc.), as well as through socio-economic conditions labor of employees subordinate to him (for example, the level of remuneration, staff motivation, etc.).

The result of the work of specialists is determined based on the volume, completeness, quality, timeliness of the fulfillment of the official duties assigned to them. When choosing indicators that characterize the key, main results of the work of managers and specialists, it should be borne in mind that they have a direct and decisive impact on the result of all activities of the organization; take up a significant part of the staff's working time; there are relatively few of them (4-6); .. make up at least 80% of all results; lead to the achievement of the goals of the organization or department.

In practice, when assessing the performance of managers and specialists, along with quantitative indicators, i.e. direct, indirect are also used, characterizing the factors influencing the achievement of results. These performance factors include:

· efficiency of work,

· labor intensity,

· the complexity of labor, the quality of labor, etc.

The procedure for assessing labor results will be effective if the following prerequisites are met:

· establishing clear "standards" of labor results for each position (workplace) and criteria for its assessment;

· development and approval of a procedure for assessing labor results (when, how often and who conducts the assessment, assessment methods);

· providing complete and reliable information to the appraiser about the results of the employee's work;

· discussion of the assessment results with the employee;

· making a decision on the results of the assessment and documenting the assessment.

1.2 Personnel assessment methods

1.Method of questioning

An assessment questionnaire is a specific set of questions and descriptions. The assessor analyzes the presence or absence of these traits in the assessed person and marks the appropriate option.

Descriptive assessment method

The evaluator must identify and describe the positive and negative behavioral traits of the assessed person. This method does not provide for a clear recording of the results and therefore is often used as an addition to other methods.

Classification method

This method is based on ranking the certified workers according to a certain criterion from best to worst with the assignment of a certain serial number.

It is based on the assessment of the employee's suitability for the position. This is a method for scaling the personal qualities of an employee. The most important component of this type of assessment is the list of tasks that must be performed by the certified employee. After compiling this list (it can also be taken from job descriptions), the activity is studied, taking into account the time spent by the employee on making decisions, ways to accomplish the assigned tasks. It is also taken into account how economically the employee uses material resources. Then, the qualities of the certified employee listed in the list are assessed on a 7-point scale: 7 - very high degree, 1 - very low degree.

The analysis of the results can be carried out either according to the correspondence of the identified assessments to the reference ones, or by comparing the results obtained from employees of the same position.

Decisive Situation Method

To use this method, evaluators prepare a list of descriptions of "right" and "wrong" behavior of workers in typical situations - "decisive situations". These descriptions are categorized according to the nature of the work. The assessor then prepares a journal for each assessed worker, in which he enters examples of behavior for each category. Later, this magazine is used to assess the business qualities of an employee.

Typically, this method is used in assessments made by a manager, and not by colleagues and subordinates.

It is based on the use of "decisive situations" (See the method of evaluating decisive situations), from which the required personal business and personal qualities of the employee are derived, which become the evaluation criteria. The evaluator reads the description of any evaluation criterion (for example, engineering competence) in the rating questionnaire and puts a mark on the scale in accordance with the qualifications of the assessed. An expensive and time-consuming method, but accessible and understandable for workers.

Behavior Observation Scale Method

It is similar to the previous one, but instead of determining the employee's behavior in the decisive situation of the current time, the evaluator fixes on the scale the number of cases when the employee behaved in one or another specific way earlier. The method is laborious and requires significant material costs.

Method of questionnaires and comparative questionnaires

Includes a set of questions or descriptions of employee behavior. The evaluator puts a mark in front of the description of the character trait that, in his opinion, is inherent in the employee, otherwise he leaves an empty space. The sum of the marks gives the overall rating of the employee's profile. Used for assessment by management, colleagues and subordinates.

Interview

This technique is borrowed by HR departments from sociology.

Here is an example of a personality assessment interview plan. In an interview, it is important to obtain information about the following components and characteristics of a personality:

· intellectual sphere;

· {!LANG-aa9160b1ff722300459f7ca84a7a68a7!}

· {!LANG-4b343fb3d610c0a312b37032c0dd41b1!}

· {!LANG-652637b5489a5351e449fa2893811f1d!}

{!LANG-92941db6efa5c3e78bc6f95cf94e2ee1!}

· {!LANG-a95297db3c6c1559d71353a108c9012e!}

{!LANG-73600668a4c0c62d132bec1df2632b7f!}

{!LANG-a1c61bdc1a4e438531c1f0b3e1c28332!}

{!LANG-c118da84cf8dbd95540f21458bb02e5f!}

· {!LANG-afe77458702bda3007d2533c43f6bdff!}

{!LANG-0855905fac9bb3b853f360eb562d969f!}

· {!LANG-09e0e3795525b92ef936fefe6a72906e!}

{!LANG-778af9d09287ecaf524f5e604cad82c4!}

· {!LANG-b31422a7696aa1a47608371d6e70d961!}

· {!LANG-45120b6b1174ecf9a8b97720f3c28d70!}

· {!LANG-eada5885d05f10bb5bd7c6230936f318!}

{!LANG-9716e6974c4f64bd7ae809f99f79b67d!}

{!LANG-1db74ab688a9ec2eec9fdee95a1abe5f!}

{!LANG-4eb2315557c51b4ece10b3a816d9aa04!}

{!LANG-45efbbf3d13f3c4ae33c73bbdae27a22!} {!LANG-c38924309ec6d81f23ac58631259d8d4!}{!LANG-013e842ac58959673a0e37a305fc0c42!} {!LANG-0d005638ef392bc074a216e8a6b5d388!}{!LANG-22619bec20b6e95488622f4fafdb304d!}

{!LANG-bf95f32785e96f2ec8a8a87c7a778c6d!}

{!LANG-b4e1dbd5ad9beff67c59003efaa62f50!}

· {!LANG-060dc92a8354d8f5d383899fddf68d4d!}

· {!LANG-e54986b9ea9a93c4ffa45bdda211c58f!} {!LANG-94ded69b9cc8e43a00866fe3923809a4!}{!LANG-b0c7073e9dd265c9e0e9f32f14e58079!}

· {!LANG-a1b59bf59c5426b1222eba0a0d1e4e74!}

{!LANG-ecab3dee8317de879de330f0242645a9!}

{!LANG-e031301db43a2badb882d43ee2eefc0a!}

{!LANG-802bc66e9e35e59ca64e107969f089fa!}

{!LANG-9f201ed1d55569479b048af8f1047350!}

· {!LANG-8ea776059e289b70aa9ecc3b719e5b63!}

· {!LANG-96b8a0ef4fa7071f90d68b1f77a239bb!}

· {!LANG-2af5799353702576869616d5ee89b2fe!}

· {!LANG-a9bd7c5f25e710d48ddd786c0b28c470!}

{!LANG-ed5a2dc7f9e59c7b45e52e53af5313ef!}

· {!LANG-4fd8857c8e9dd80e5b5ff822c23e4330!}

· {!LANG-45b53e3956a2dbbbbc1f70b89253dbc4!}

· {!LANG-7145caa1da487d308bbdf549c6cbd206!}

· {!LANG-04c8b2b503f88a180574109d8ace21f5!}

{!LANG-7e4b568ad0a3ecfa77a831662e8fc026!}

{!LANG-037a4685b365a193cb9e25a8836ec619!}

{!LANG-97e7f7c879746d0cb988f15a32623da1!}

· {!LANG-dd71a29fea09cbae5705ca36dba45a4e!}

· {!LANG-dcf276eeb949c344430447c435b36fff!}

{!LANG-39c4f7d498c9508fdfe14bcc18cd27c5!}

{!LANG-f8bda1679ab386ab335ed90d546ad856!}

{!LANG-63ab764abbd096325d3c67ecd9f65f73!} {!LANG-002ff88b4b776911ec64f6007588f57a!}{!LANG-4007b2d56dfa4805f5fb5ab8be680a23!}

{!LANG-714f4f4219de4c246597e6488f8dec0e!}

{!LANG-9face25b3528a874a825977bf61bd979!}

{!LANG-209b418125402cd54a7c47b0e569585a!}

{!LANG-77b6a66fe8bd22d307d52d9441c0115b!}

{!LANG-2b8d13aa9178f181c5e868c2cad37bbe!}

{!LANG-f5f93c823bc6d3b2ceb61008aa68b350!}

{!LANG-cba391becdd296e82c58091a5ad9a2ac!}

{!LANG-07e870f070ad4c14ee1632e091781722!} {!LANG-b1c9adfab86004af96831057bc5b5fcd!}{!LANG-d29e873217088d393f944ed3c66324ba!} {!LANG-6ff632c4528ed1f4a77492a0b2f71b14!}{!LANG-26c3b8e3964358956775d36707c875fb!}

{!LANG-562cbacff6bd0de5a1d47459c41a327b!}

{!LANG-d27ff39ba192fc0bec1699bd047aec0e!}

{!LANG-986bafc759b840ef72c4f9f02a1706a8!}

{!LANG-5a359c6814e7850324b68fc9d9674be2!}

{!LANG-6d9dff84fceb294240e0c8133fd60ffe!} {!LANG-d0eade84659ec8fe5264ee59bb54576d!}{!LANG-0ce2ed10b761c87b4be2fb24fd219e14!}

{!LANG-830df13f7623e7b03cb5d5648b6e9894!}

1{!LANG-5a760d369e1f0c98c0f656c7c4b5bb74!}

{!LANG-eea0cc664c49be545fc83a3e13676b55!}

{!LANG-37c36400b806ae6260d8f4cf654d062c!}

{!LANG-2b845c6eec67a3f8ef326c16eaf91361!}

{!LANG-38aba33f2f8c1732d2ee8fbaa9063923!}

• {!LANG-17a3760a544259b2b865a2bcac1c275e!}
• {!LANG-52aafc3bd45547cbe4357a79e5b17ee6!}
• {!LANG-545034911ca42fd9cb22a0089f8fbb78!}
• {!LANG-cf8559561cc1e83a19bac7818a0104f1!}
• {!LANG-ac61cc6c034917bbee67e0db210e5117!}
• {!LANG-6f24f6e85a313a83438cc59d422a4cec!}
• {!LANG-9f04191de90cb51d34963b5cf2ca1a4f!}
• {!LANG-4a537eb802bce64e3339ff41d1a73328!}
• {!LANG-d2b390b650611e95b075b2b13cf0f3e3!}
• {!LANG-9d1bbff37d2a9b4d119eda08eeb5fca6!}
• {!LANG-e31458b3b05af7c112c9ace865bd2eed!}
• {!LANG-607f3638250cdee1fc3c2a9fb4faff7e!}
• {!LANG-3232bae0964eec8b77601e9f65656f9e!}
• {!LANG-1daf664deecb7dbbf785a52501fe6b2c!}

{!LANG-0abc07f71c62770265e685a26bf46f9c!}

· {!LANG-59d2672f2bf2254dcf29e675fae3ca35!}

· {!LANG-c10a53453f4b5833bf8c02c68111a067!}

· {!LANG-cda865c9e30389946257d23abf681eb4!}

{!LANG-3fdb8cebc01d7c8d8fe0b180386eae88!}

{!LANG-f5f885c5ffdffa08bb0c366983d4de3b!}

{!LANG-656b7eb1540e44fb9db964f4d190f6ea!}

· {!LANG-fbfb213bd11ae181eed7d87cafa18e0d!}

· {!LANG-ae8ef987d5155bc83aee6c3d67b310bc!}

· {!LANG-64bc4ca6a0e8b493dbba87dce5a4bc09!}

· {!LANG-6f2fe155c9eef2cf6af0ee49ff1b5070!}

· {!LANG-04e6667e1fa4379efbb89d9e9f1c89be!}

· {!LANG-df2e92d5a2e580ba3e1cfcc2b06c7e6c!}

· {!LANG-7ed23bb2c23712b8ade086741f53c3b4!}

· {!LANG-d5c801a8486131c2f2389a1662055c21!}

· {!LANG-c966f58485a34d41d92d092c2aba09e0!}

· {!LANG-e874f289adf87ce143e0bdfcf4cf287d!}

· {!LANG-ceaa54aedf70d218663556eec3a30732!}

· {!LANG-12786223c70af35f5f0033ed0a3c278f!}

{!LANG-b5978a38e19e0fb3c43e9b7eedc403e3!}

· {!LANG-b7709566a8fb75c5c31d88651417e962!}

{!LANG-f1455511df00627d18bbe25e37079178!}

· {!LANG-3f9cec7c4c0bde99023e698d0dc31519!}

· {!LANG-ad06c4ed24df1bd7a2afbd354159c936!}

· {!LANG-e57f507ce7f8ba66d856cae422f0f92a!}

· {!LANG-41ff525e42d1850cba75a5883e417518!}

· {!LANG-085aba4229a1fb285836881f8dccf626!}

· {!LANG-bd4bcda883c00a046002d0050e17ff7b!}

· {!LANG-4a151b998e383ec2056074f184831139!}

{!LANG-572a0d0f67a99a36059bca0b51245e4a!}

{!LANG-0769d2a1f2ad7744738a6327c6c0f761!}

{!LANG-9141857f6c0421024d1e577dde63f9ba!}

{!LANG-4b382bef91338995cb85c36526034efc!}

{!LANG-fefff85c835dcc35d494fe7538dddd27!}

{!LANG-f79393c96afec0381ba3510fdd527b4b!}

{!LANG-331590b036c08c7b964f42332a2b28ec!}

{!LANG-be0109591fcf8efaf2222196b4bd38c5!}

{!LANG-ab98409b70c8cc2670698282e8cbc36f!}

{!LANG-20454a817ba633912a2222a0d055a8ce!}

{!LANG-47ca9a29f0704bb180449ad8ad59c1e5!}

{!LANG-979bdb1b957ef2becffbe2ecf462c1ba!}

{!LANG-56cace6b919c50487a90b60b2bb3ae80!}

{!LANG-185e7c29c2d205f65cd7e728caafcf13!}

{!LANG-1de1277de7e5bd0913eaf7e6f2f91bf3!} {!LANG-1268bbb97f5fce35188de0bb81df87bd!}{!LANG-cc0b642f2960d330e190597e334bcd89!}

{!LANG-a06ba17a45ef3af253764d84ecf40c07!}

· {!LANG-3fc983c589f42fe9336127311d46547c!}

· {!LANG-1241ef7f1ea10f4c9b7876f499dec95d!}

· {!LANG-a8ef58c82fe9e638c4b4ff33726634c4!}

· {!LANG-d5987fef4a2fb4a18f8950f70c4a38b5!} {!LANG-3a8608708a05523ff5061d175fa9a928!}{!LANG-c73bd1b7f47a1d717c9d9e8a5a7e5423!}

· {!LANG-997f2b4bcab2f89aee0ef4012e9ebb7d!}

{!LANG-7adbb45f2c20a595f73fad8a013fa6df!}

{!LANG-a65f831c202dc006599116904dbb576a!}

{!LANG-77544fc903af20a5216635f70a3bc64d!}

{!LANG-f8cecff6e1d0988193220d3b6d300295!}

{!LANG-ddec48cb30bfbdf9d73e41bff3c9bf3d!}

{!LANG-bce78ec8cac249412d389c99ac281f30!}

{!LANG-dd2cf109479aa503e00280b733075537!}

{!LANG-680bf2e1e4f749048319acff76056d09!}

{!LANG-bf539a800cd5b6ba20a4c3cfcc8d44b1!}

{!LANG-421b5c8cb7c2974415bd5def38718ea9!}

{!LANG-76aeba07ec79c2872b44feb17be584ef!}

{!LANG-9bebbe9705517fbfad8fbd545ad02246!}

{!LANG-c8ac667a852a903ccf98afa2a1f7257d!}

{!LANG-1b53720bf6c8b484a4d911e7c7b493de!}

{!LANG-ee5fa3b96049a7ca97e15eda763f9c27!}

{!LANG-93cff787397cba2d752f948c8d0b0289!}

{!LANG-1330b71e29104e51d72e39121069177d!}

{!LANG-2866fd5c0970047b11eefe9abebe3ca5!}

{!LANG-26e94a056c4897847ef435a51efbd890!}

{!LANG-f272be1f7ab97702d63fd9fdf16c3f4b!}

{!LANG-157b61bcca332dd9a9474b2ca8847ec3!}

{!LANG-ee2f17b48f80086f59c586b2b4372952!}

{!LANG-0c9f259f987db2728acea079f1058fc1!}

{!LANG-4de415e0b86ef4862b515e76806f78a6!}

{!LANG-83e2b7718a8ac25952d56b02d78a4744!}

{!LANG-b2511944815aa32bfa95f06caf1dadd1!}

{!LANG-2c764453f29e251af7bf6f6f3904ba37!}

{!LANG-8bbe4118229f88af8ab738ebbd48c37d!}

{!LANG-4081040913d3ad325fe22cd526e74abf!}

{!LANG-1710af3879dab3583cd8d8f26598e3ba!}

{!LANG-5affde0ec1d4862f0aa19d4ff3eb1ffe!}

{!LANG-5d4c9a7987d142b732b98ff25996602e!}

{!LANG-aaf80567815a77c9180fcd79e97044a9!}

{!LANG-ce7b0fab923b089138b9747398cc9f07!}

{!LANG-866c687587faab0f89ad634a320517a3!}

{!LANG-5fb9ebea4377a9728263b6a0e1a29040!}

{!LANG-6920d297d738a334bf882a02c1b10388!}

{!LANG-99f2a0a3f8c3036317d10cd4288eb779!}

{!LANG-5fd6605fbcf660e19b7cca181217a7b4!}

{!LANG-d0f4f69d48280c89310420cc0673ff18!}

{!LANG-b592851ecdc84c15c3d242e5d12cb4ff!}

{!LANG-8ba642bb70067d1979409423d7407414!}

{!LANG-97074c198e8f041597a32e44198255e6!}

{!LANG-678d9a14f5a4db98dcdf72f4a95e3a43!} {!LANG-a29eff63ff0b8dfdcf0d179fc6776e51!}{!LANG-0c418002c7aaa0edfe3758751cf838e1!}

{!LANG-808865b89c7038b694732f847fb82fcc!}

{!LANG-cd653a4f9b5c428b9604c4cbce0d38a2!}

{!LANG-ab5ca663222b54cdc322fe8f0bde2f42!}

{!LANG-6bcf1cfe44f79d7da2ceafed7d8a426d!}

{!LANG-893da4a284ecc3b1265133a59ad647f8!}

{!LANG-f62d7e265179b176addf200860106f22!}

{!LANG-cdd45b13e642b10525ee9465eb48e2d1!}

{!LANG-ba1452de0cbde2072bbe3254adfa2a1f!}

{!LANG-89cfe965170aec826e2314b1710a3571!}

{!LANG-fc69f7ba695c0ded5add65dbb615a891!}

{!LANG-5ad00fba3186df999f57a43a59ba5533!}

{!LANG-ec586cb32de36a2c027e4f5690cc4c63!}

{!LANG-1bbd5e93b0f666c6739bab31f5fd12e1!}

{!LANG-8d940b4d42237a474baf5eceded93bae!}

{!LANG-3bd335e0290860df3683ac45bb998079!}

{!LANG-f6f6b65ec4c1e1467bb247990a782bd2!}

{!LANG-a0fffbeb946cf68b3cc9372cdfa09a00!}

{!LANG-50cfbc421a4e701022496aaf06facb52!}

{!LANG-61298efd5af87583b9cb5b4e885dc0f2!}

{!LANG-543b438b844e5e144f5c59bb9abb8820!}

{!LANG-99c04dd300c1b608374f981c44319b05!}

Conclusion

{!LANG-4012357c3fef3fe329fa941e9504a2bb!}

{!LANG-02fdb369748315721419bae6c08cd6f5!}

{!LANG-5cd6fa64068f2ca5d5b8e50a8fc6d7e8!} {!LANG-d705b80508a0c34b5e9a38e092a066a6!}.

{!LANG-a9d154dc8eae35f8395f9361102d9522!}

{!LANG-d05710420cae474a4f0e9c61973da08e!}

{!LANG-3bf86fc665c61646234b1182f045d261!}

{!LANG-2dee352adf7ee0448653135a64692aee!}

{!LANG-1ad5aa5905501c7c974d5ec6eb23bf1c!}

{!LANG-c01703d68951302c49cfd43a1480e056!}

2.{!LANG-521fa99cf5bd33e8920f8f506ae42331!}

.{!LANG-b78f1366ec0d1ca42f8badeb80888655!}

.{!LANG-3e391fb14435878f21ff18bb364ddf3f!}

.{!LANG-58c9b61a1e0c1cfad6c553bfa31db638!}

6.{!LANG-c3b93a9da5d5e7e90a8d3e0b565c7338!}

.{!LANG-5e706f430558b70006c41d742754589a!}

8.{!LANG-422b58b5e8fdb4e203220932578d34ad!}

9.{!LANG-5323e6e3c091f38eebc8c0c9b918ac06!}

{!LANG-76dd0c1d5e9193a745d2770152b3bb40!}

Appendix 1

{!LANG-b74063de0d02dcdad4f01ec0dee5be26!}

{!LANG-8c8c2fafb48dd29e7a32c8532b30d98f!}

{!LANG-e32a6a40bd3538b43232481d7151b2ad!}

{!LANG-08b7d5ba021cf7e35822acd7f4cbe317!}

{!LANG-e10f67c21185ace3fc221691354052ba!}

{!LANG-d0bf1432b5eacc3f41ea3554a7c7a7eb!}

{!LANG-66e55afbb8af96edaea6876e1cd9d475!}

{!LANG-ed7e77c184e6145642de09f66d243fb8!}

{!LANG-cb4c654f0e2c7dfbc3a89b39b28f2b6f!}

{!LANG-5d13740a25237e7f2942469186430778!}

{!LANG-762835de0a462f9c8e3a087977ff795c!}

{!LANG-69db952175b028d79e8fced4a3b099e2!}

{!LANG-49f10f3f0ba1198dfde17cd25d892520!}

{!LANG-14918a8dabe951f3e62f34d0baf97c2e!}

{!LANG-d8ea6bf01f7af2cbe3afef6472c92791!}

{!LANG-61c1af9909de278eacfef144e7d8ff6a!}

{!LANG-4b21fd974ddfb8e725efe880a4b82dbb!}

{!LANG-5c670fad8920128a358b1949a85a880b!}

{!LANG-8ba417efcfb965b8c8da75215bb2b4a3!}

{!LANG-acc15366e4a36a0ca3c9c076a3740490!}

{!LANG-77933330530c3e0362b41af02e777fbb!}

{!LANG-f592c1be5240d5363bc5b4a57a80c397!}

{!LANG-d1b386fb83991084de24ed87fc5fa1f2!}

{!LANG-1ab11d6c77b97ba4194b1baaf2d37063!}

{!LANG-3a9cdcc40c9019e3a57b694079eaba49!}

{!LANG-8f931ee88ff2e29f9366a690c0983283!}

{!LANG-b929649b39c20fcd722fc9a1b023aecd!}

{!LANG-90ac948505fa1865cf91bcce7f333515!}

{!LANG-f29beb1662f75eee183a52a84114d590!}

{!LANG-5deac343a7da69aa44d8f37133cede07!}

{!LANG-3b43fa7c1a204a62b052b87a60bc490c!}

{!LANG-2365899e0bb108f18f2499d71f4f1456!}

{!LANG-05e0334021efc222234f7e193ab53652!}

{!LANG-50d5c9c36766e6c6bd9da0f00740ec92!}

{!LANG-ced18ea8a5e3196f9caaa18cc83a1035!}

{!LANG-a9772a9e3cddbaee303e48c7e3c40f52!}

{!LANG-8ea65d4b4f32bb5ec7d9a8c8cf38449b!}

{!LANG-b06e939d816f0cde459b85f8b5d112ed!}

{!LANG-c50aebc5060c1a2913a11ac955e9c0b4!}

{!LANG-64a5790948af110cb2b59280b5db2458!}

{!LANG-4889131f4c39171d2cb65602b4290555!}

{!LANG-a54e6c3f8c148eb258e51771188b0956!}

{!LANG-5bd03a29f0e93e0ea53fb97e7976c153!}

{!LANG-1c6b74ed18e9cd4d523e1e3738c3015a!}

{!LANG-1181a120fa3525ecf9901e0b8b6ee7ff!}

{!LANG-d4ee3462c5c8da124436566bded6f56c!}

{!LANG-4889131f4c39171d2cb65602b4290555!}

{!LANG-a54e6c3f8c148eb258e51771188b0956!}

{!LANG-5bd03a29f0e93e0ea53fb97e7976c153!}

{!LANG-1c6b74ed18e9cd4d523e1e3738c3015a!}

{!LANG-1181a120fa3525ecf9901e0b8b6ee7ff!}

{!LANG-f616c2e2b06c718b49ee0f582f257d4e!}

{!LANG-e01b0e7987fdfa95191a40d34b91b083!}

{!LANG-3715d3404ca72bb3adc307e82d4268b8!}

{!LANG-7365b2f8577575301507880d1cbec0de!}

{!LANG-53bbc926e4e5678d0ac002bccb573b60!}

{!LANG-772f96c7c1d4f321b9243c95bddf3de5!}

{!LANG-777c8e893845226c05e2eedb79e9492a!}

{!LANG-6e5452ddc4415a61645b46b00915690e!}

{!LANG-6a15b07353220f88163ce12ec82657e6!}

{!LANG-aca82950ea8efeccb116a7cdb0270b35!}

{!LANG-8e778cc0b7fecfef081551f824538647!}

{!LANG-7686a89234e96edaecb9d889b30deefa!}

{!LANG-22aa004f53c2d2349fd9daf5f576fabc!}

{!LANG-e7a1b01712f2e83635e6d634a0aa9a7b!}

{!LANG-312eb16d9ea720f23b750af9cdaa8804!}