Drilling holes in metal technology tool methods. Coordinate punching of metal Punching holes in metal with your own hands

Punching holes in metal is carried out using a coordinate punching press - modern equipment with computer numerical control (CNC) and high-precision positioning mechanisms.

Punching holes in metal is done as follows. The workpiece is placed on the press table and firmly grasped with special clamps. The sheet is moved to a certain position under the revolver, in which the punching tool is installed. Its lower part is called a matrix, the upper part, a punch, includes a pressure ring - a puller. The puller presses the sheet tightly against the matrix, after which punching occurs - the punch makes a hole in it. Then, under the action of powerful return springs, it returns to its original position. The number of tools in the revolver can be quite large (up to 32), which allows you to very quickly punch holes on one sheet various sizes and forms. An index (rotary) tool, which can be installed in a revolver, significantly expands the capabilities for punching non-round holes and various contours.

Metal punching as a technology has several important advantages. First of all, it allows you to process a metal sheet or product of any geometry with the highest precision - up to 0.05 mm. Also, the metal punching machine has very high productivity. Punching on the most modern equipment of this type is carried out at speeds of up to 1500 beats per minute. In addition to perforation, coordinate punching presses allow you to perform the following types operations:

• incomplete punching;
• molding;
• puklevka.

Equipment for punching holes in metal, offered by Abamet

For operations such as punching holes in metal, the Abamet company offers high-tech equipment trademark Abamet. It is designed and manufactured taking into account latest trends and achievements in the metalworking industry and machine tool industry.

Hydraulic and electromechanical coordinate-turret and CNC combination punching presses Abamet combine high performance, low energy consumption and unpretentiousness in maintenance. This equipment also has the following advantages.

• During the manufacturing process, the rigid O-shaped bed is subjected to vibration treatment twice to completely remove internal stresses, then it is processed entirely on a high-precision large-sized machining center, which ultimately ensures high precision of the machine.
• The upper and lower plates of the revolver are processed together, which allows for coaxial operation of the punch and die, significantly increasing tool life and increasing the accuracy of part processing.
• Modern and reliable components from German and Japanese manufacturers for pneumatic and electrical systems ensure high reliability and accuracy of the entire machine.
• A brush table with lifting pneumatic ball sheet supports reduces noise during sheet movement, protects the sheet surface from damage and scratches, and reduces the risk of sheet deformation.
• The machine is equipped with a function to automatically protect the clamps from entering the punching zone, which avoids damage to the tool and clamps.
• The index tool rotation system is designed to simultaneously rotate the punch and die according to commands from the CNC system. The system is made using precision worm gearboxes, which ensures high accuracy of the tool rotation angle.

Abamet company managers will tell you in detail about the possibilities Abamet equipment, its features and punching technology sheet metal. All Abamet CNC punching presses come with an official 24-month warranty with no limitation on operating time.

Jig punching is an economical metal processing method that reduces production costs. Punching sheet metal up to 4 mm thick allows the production of both simple parts and complex metal structures.

Punching holes in metal - the main areas of application of the process and its features

Currently, this method of processing metal products is widely in demand in various fields industrial production, in construction, in the manufacture of various structures and decorative elements. With its help, the most complex and important tasks are completed quickly and with maximum accuracy, taking into account approved design and technical documentation, design solutions and personal wishes of the Customer of the service.

At the Tula Lift company you can order punching of various metal blanks for manufacturing:

• Advertising designs
• Industrial shelving
• Trade showcases
• Construction supports and prefabricated elements
• Parts of machine tools, special vehicles and equipment
• Enclosing structures

Using modern, multifunctional equipment, metal punching ensures the production of holes of specified sizes and shapes: oval, round, rectangular and square. Individually made stamps and cliches allow us to expand the range of proposals and produce technological openings of the most non-standard designs. At the same time, in parallel with the main operations, metal can be bent according to predetermined dimensions and drawings.

Metal punching - technology for performing work

To make holes of the required shape and size in high-strength metal workpieces, special automated pressing machines with program control are used. They are equipped with high-precision parts and mechanisms that ensure high precision of the work performed. Control technological process and its repurposing is carried out using special programs that do not cause failures and inaccuracies during metal processing.

Punching holes in metal is done using high speed in the process of moving parts or sheets along special guide structures. Such highly efficient devices allow after necessary measures obtain finished products, structures and elements with smooth edges. Prepared holes do not require additional refinement, processing or cleaning.

Advantages of metal punching at Tula Lift

High tech production capacity Enterprises allow you to cut the required holes in a serial design or according to individual drawings of the Customer of the service. Cooperation with Tula Lift provides our clients with:

• Ability to process a wide variety of metal types and thicknesses
• Large selection of metal blanks in the company's warehouse
• Individual approach to all consumers
• Optimization of costs and expenses, ensuring affordable cost and maximum validity of the service
• Completion of work within clearly agreed time frames
• Possibility of organizing delivery finished products to the Customer's site

In the company’s design bureau, you can order the development of exclusive design solutions, taking into account all the features and goals of the work.

Punching holes and perforating material in the form of sheets or pipes is a fairly popular operation. Today, there are several options for its implementation, which differ from each other in the equipment used, on which the quality and accuracy parameters depend.

Drilling of holes is carried out on drilling, milling or lathes. Drills are used as a working tool. For final shaping of the hole, countersinks, counterbores, and reamers are used. With their help, ovals are eliminated, chamfers are formed, and the hole accuracy and surface cleanliness are increased.

To punch holes in metal, different presses are used - pneumatic, hydraulic, etc. The forces developed for efficient work stamp, consisting of two parts (punch and matrix), range from several kilograms to hundreds, or even thousands of tons.

Often in production, combined press shears are used to make holes.

This device consists of several mechanisms that allow you to process a metal profile, for example, a corner, cut strips of metal, cut in the shape of straight or triangles and, of course, a tool for punching holes in the metal is installed on these scissors. As a rule, it consists of a punch and a matrix. The punch has the diameter of the hole to be punched. The matrix has a hole in its body corresponding to the size of the punch. Through it, cutting waste is removed.

It should be noted that the above methods for producing holes are not characterized by high productivity, especially in conditions of large-scale or mass production. The advent of automated equipment eliminates this problem.

The use of equipment operating under the control of a CNC system has led to a reduction in the labor intensity of production processes, and accordingly this has a positive effect on the cost finished product.
The fact is that the control program, which is entered before starting work, contains precise data regarding the location of the holes on the sheet.

For example, a revolving punching machine is equipped with a drum on which punches (tools for punching holes in metal) of different sizes and shapes are installed. When working, the program automatically selects necessary tool. This engineering solution allows you to change the tool without stopping the operation of the machine, and increase the speed of obtaining the finished product. With this type of equipment it is possible to produce up to 1,500 holes per minute.
Obtaining a finished product consists of several operations. The first is to lay the sheet of metal on the workbench. To secure it to it, different types of clamps are used.
Once installed and secured, the operator launches the control program. After this, the movement of the workpiece begins. According to the coordinates specified in the program, at the required point, the clamping device is lowered, fixing the sheet in the right place. After pressing, a blow is applied by a punch (punch).

A rotary tool can be installed on the tool drum, which significantly expands the capabilities of the machine and allows cutting contours of complex shapes.
A press for punching holes in metal allows you to perform, in addition to breakdown, the following operations:

• bullet - extrusion, obtaining edges of different directions;
• molding;
• incomplete punching.

This method of obtaining holes implies that the holes will be obtained in a certain sequence. This operation can be used in the manufacture of both simple parts and rather complex metal structures. Such sheet metal processing requires equipment and control software high precision, since errors in configuration and program code can lead to substandard products.

Metal punching as a technological operation has existed for quite a long time, but in recent years, thanks to the advent of systems with numerical software, it has changed significantly. So, modern equipment allows you to perform operations on punching holes with an accuracy of their placement up to 0.05 mm. Coordinate punching equipment allows processing steel of different grades with a thickness from 0.5 to 8 - 10 mm.
Coordinate punching of a metal sheet is used in the production of housing parts, fastening kits, etc. To obtain a set of holes, a series of punch blows is used on the sheet. The breakdown order is entered into the control computer program. By the way, use computer programs and the appropriate tool for punching holes in metal guarantees the quality of the finished products.

The use of coordinate punching presses for punching holes in metal provides a manifold increase in production speed and therefore it is used for large-scale and mass production of parts from sheet metal.

Disadvantages of technology

We must remember that the quality of the resulting product directly depends on several factors, including the quality of the tool, equipment settings, quality factor software, used to create a control program.

But it should be noted that, in principle, regardless of the method of obtaining a group of holes, the defects in manual and automated punching are the same.

Hole offset

Most often, when making a group of holes, you can encounter such a defect as displacement of the holes relative to each other or the sides of the sheet. This defect may occur due to errors in the program, incorrect machine settings, etc.

Burrs

This defect appears due to the fact that the dimensions of the punch and matrix are incorrectly selected. In addition, burrs appear as a result of poor-quality sharpening of the tool.

Furrows

There are frequent cases of beards appearing on the surface of the hole along its axis. They are caused by the presence of defects on the punch surface.

Cracks

The formation of cracks at the edges of the punched holes is caused by the fact that their diameter is close in size to the thickness of the sheet.

Calculation of the required punching force

The metal cutting process is characterized by the fact that during this process a rather complex load pattern appears, which is concentrated in the area where the punch, the material being cut and the matrix interact.

The punch is made in such a way that it does not enter the material with its entire end, but only with the outer annular part. The response comes from the matrix. Moreover, the pressure arising in the interaction zone of these three components is distributed unevenly.

In other words, during the cutting process a pair of forces arises that form a circular bending moment. Under its influence, the sheet bends. As a result of this bending, pressure is generated, which affects the punch and the edge of the matrix. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the fact that tangential forces appear under the influence of friction forces.
As can be seen from the above, when punching, a non-uniform force field arises. Therefore, when carrying out calculations, a conventional value is used - shear resistance.
As a result of the research, the resistance depends not only on the properties of the metal, but also on the level of hardening, the thickness of the cutting, the gaps in the punch/die pair and the speed of the cutting process.

When you need to punch, boring or drilling holes in sheet metal at a minimal price, contact the NFZM metal structures plant. We have all necessary equipment for quick fulfillment of such orders.

Using a CNC plasma cutting machine, you can quickly and accurately make a large number of holes of any shape according to a given drawing. But other methods are also possible.

One of the ways to punch holes in sheet metal is with a punch. This is a punch (stamp) made of hard alloy, and a matrix to which it presses the workpiece. Punches come in different shapes and sizes.

Drilling and reaming holes in metal products produced on vertical drilling and radial drilling machines various types, twist and core drills, allowing you to work with hard alloys.

Services for drilling and holes in metal

The plant has modern metalworking machines, including CNC ones, which have the following capabilities:

1. Punching holes in metal and cutting threads, costing from 16 rubles per product.
2. We work with profiles with thicknesses from 0.9 mm to 20 mm using hand tools with an accuracy of 3 microns.
3. Coordinate metal punching services are provided for grades St3, steel 09g2s, steel 10khsnd, structural, low-alloy and stainless materials.
4. We can make holes in metal structures of round, oval, square and rectangular shapes of various diameters and with machined edges.

Our specialists will select the type of tool with which punching, drilling or boring (boring) holes, including many of the same type, will be optimal for the alloy from which your workpieces are made. This will save time and minimize waste. Call to get detailed advice and find out prices for services.

Coordinate punching of metal is an operation that allows you to make holes of various shapes and sizes in a sheet blank at given coordinates. This technology is often used when it is necessary to create a batch of similar products (usually relevant in serial and large-scale production).

Types of operations for coordinate punching of sheet metal at the AMP company

• Disconnective or shape-changing stamping. The first involves dividing the workpiece along a given contour, the second involves moving the sheet without separating.
• Punching. It involves creating through holes in metal according to the customer’s shapes and sizes.
• Perforation. An operation similar to punching, but differing from it in the high density of holes on the workpiece.

Possibilities for coordinate punching in AMP

In our company, the above operations are performed on a combined jig punching press with CNC corner shears Advanced Machinery AMPS. This is modern, professional equipment with wide capabilities in processing various metals:

• it is possible to combine stamping and guillotine cutting in one operation;
• organizing the flow of workpieces throughout the entire cycle of equipment operation (up to the finished part) without changeovers during its operation;
• workpieces are reliably protected from damage thanks to the clamp control system;
• automatic material feeding and sorting.

Limitations on the press

• The maximum sheet size is 125x250 cm (300 cm).;
• Cut length - 80x125 cm;
• Maximum workpiece weight - 150 kg;
• The maximum thickness of the steel workpiece is 0.4 cm;
• The maximum thickness of the aluminum workpiece is 0.5 cm;
• The minimum thickness of the workpiece is 0.05 cm.

Cost of coordinate punching at AMP company

Operation prices are calculated based on the operating time of the equipment. So, the rate per hour is 3 thousand rubles (including VAT). It is valid for orders where the machine operating time is 24 hours or more. In other cases, the cost of the service is calculated separately.