Assembled helicopter. Radio controlled helicopters

Helicopters of Russia and the world video, photos, pictures watch online occupy an important place in the overall system of the national economy and the Armed Forces, honorably fulfilling the civil and military tasks assigned to them. According to the figurative expression of the outstanding Soviet scientist and designer ML. Mil, “our country itself is, as it were, “designed” for helicopters.” Without them, the development of the vast and impassable spaces of the Far North, Siberia and the Far East is unthinkable. Helicopters have become a familiar element of the landscape of our grandiose construction projects. They are widely used as a vehicle, in agriculture, construction, rescue service, and military affairs. When performing a number of operations, helicopters are simply irreplaceable. Who knows how many people were saved by the helicopter crews who took part in the liquidation of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. The lives of thousands of Soviet soldiers were saved by combat helicopters in Afghanistan.

Before becoming one of the main modern transport, technological and combat means, Russian helicopters went through a long and not always smooth path of development. The idea of ​​lifting into the air with the help of a main rotor originated with mankind almost earlier than the idea of ​​flying on a fixed wing. In the early history of aviation and aeronautics, generating lift by “screwing into the air” was more popular than other methods. This explains the abundance of rotary-wing aircraft projects in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Only four years separate the flight of the Wright brothers' airplane (1903) from the first flight of a man in a helicopter (1907).

The best helicopters were used by scientists and inventors; they hesitated for a long time which method to give preference to. However, by the end of the first decade of the 20th century. the aircraft, which was less energy-intensive and simpler in terms of aerodynamics, dynamics and strength, took the lead. His successes were impressive. Almost 30 years passed before the creators of helicopters finally managed to make their devices operational. Already during the Second World War, helicopters went into mass production and began to be used. At the end of the war, the so-called “helicopter boom” arose. Numerous companies began to build samples of new promising technology, but not all attempts were successful.

Russian and US combat helicopters were still more difficult to build than aircraft of a similar class. Military and civilian customers were in no hurry to add a new type of aviation equipment to the already familiar aircraft. Only the effective use of helicopters by the Americans in the early 50s. in the Korean War, it convinced a number of military leaders, including Soviet ones, of the advisability of using this aircraft by the armed forces. However, many, as before, continued to consider the helicopter “a temporary aberration of aviation.” It took more than ten years until helicopters finally proved their exclusivity and indispensability in performing a variety of military tasks.

Russian helicopters played a big role in the creation and development of Russian and Soviet scientists, designers and inventors. Their importance is so great that it even gave rise to one of the founders of the domestic helicopter industry, Academician B.N. Yuryev consider our state the “homeland of helicopters.” This statement, of course, is too categorical, but our helicopter pilots have something to be proud of. These are scientific works of the school of N.E. Zhukovsky in the pre-revolutionary period and the impressive flights of the TsAGI 1-EA helicopter in the pre-war years, the records of the post-war Mi-4, Mi-6, Mi-12, Mi-24 helicopters and the unique family of coaxial helicopters "Ka", modern Mi-26 and Ka -32 and much, much more.

Russia's new helicopter is relatively well covered in books and articles. Shortly before his death, B.N. Yuriev began writing a fundamental work, “The History of Helicopters,” but only managed to prepare chapters relating to his own work in 1908 - 1914. Let us note that insufficient attention to the history of such a branch of aviation as helicopter construction is also typical for foreign researchers.

Military helicopters of Russia shed new light on the history of the development of helicopters and their theory in pre-revolutionary Russia, the contribution of domestic scientists and inventors to the global process of development of this type of technology. A review of pre-revolutionary domestic work on rotary-wing aircraft, including previously unknown ones, as well as their analysis were given in the corresponding chapter in the book “Aviation in Russia”, prepared for publication in 1988 by TsAGI. However, its small volume significantly limited the size of the information provided.

Civil helicopters in their best liveries. An attempt has been made to cover as fully and comprehensively as possible the activities of domestic helicopter enthusiasts. Therefore, the activities of leading domestic scientists and designers are described, and projects and proposals are also considered, the authors of which were significantly inferior to them in their knowledge, but whose contribution could not be ignored. Moreover, in some projects that were generally distinguished by a relatively low level of elaboration, there are also interesting proposals and ideas.

The name of the helicopters denoted significant qualitative changes in this type of equipment. Such events include the beginning of continuous and systematic development of helicopter projects; construction of the first full-scale helicopters capable of getting off the ground, and the beginning of mass production and practical use of helicopters. This book tells about the early stages of the history of helicopter manufacturing: from the birth of the idea of ​​lifting into the air by means of a propeller to the creation of the first helicopters capable of getting off the ground. A helicopter, unlike an airplane, a flywheel and a rocket, has no direct prototypes in nature. However, the propeller, which creates the lifting force of a helicopter, has been known since ancient times.

Small helicopters Despite the fact that propellers were known and there were empirical prototypes of helicopters, the idea of ​​​​using a main rotor for lifting into the air did not become widespread until the end of the 18th century. All rotorcraft projects being developed at that time remained unknown and were discovered in archives many centuries later. As a rule, information about the development of such projects was preserved in the archives of the most prominent scientists of their time, such as Guo Hong, L. da Vinci, R. Hooke, M.V. Lomonosov, who created the “aerodrome machine” in 1754.

Literally dozens of new designs have been created for private helicopters in a short time. This was a competition of a wide variety of designs and forms, usually single- or double-seat devices, which had mainly experimental purposes. The natural customers for this expensive and complex equipment were the military departments. The first helicopters in different countries were designated as military communications and reconnaissance vehicles. In the development of helicopters, as in many other areas of technology, two lines of development can be clearly distinguished - but the dimensions of machines, i.e. quantitative, and the almost simultaneously emerging line of development of qualitative improvement of aircraft within a certain size or weight category.

A website about helicopters that contains the most complete description. Whether the helicopter is used for geological exploration, agricultural work or for transporting passengers, the cost of an hour of operation of the helicopter plays a decisive role. A large share of it is depreciation, that is, the price divided by its service life. The latter is determined by the resource of the units, i.e. their service life. The problem of increasing the fatigue strength of blades, shafts and transmissions, main rotor hubs and other helicopter components has become a primary task that is still occupied by helicopter designers. Nowadays, a service life of 1000 hours is no longer uncommon for a production helicopter and there is no reason to doubt its further increase.

Modern helicopters comparison of combat capabilities, original video preserved. Her image found in some publications is an approximate reconstruction, not entirely undisputed, carried out in 1947 by N.I. Kamov. However, based on the above archival documents, a number of conclusions can be drawn. Judging by the test method (suspension on blocks), the “aerodrome machine” was undoubtedly a vertical take-off and landing apparatus. Of the two methods of vertical lift known at that time - using flapping wings or using a rotor - the first seems unlikely. The report says that the wings moved horizontally. For most flywheels, they are known to move in a vertical plane. A flywheel whose wings perform oscillatory movements in a horizontal plane with an angle of installation that changes cyclically, despite repeated attempts, has not yet been built.

The best helicopter design is always forward-looking. However, in order to more clearly imagine the possibilities for further development of helicopters, it is useful to try to understand the main directions of their development from past experience. What is interesting here, of course, is not the prehistory of helicopter engineering, which we will only briefly mention, but its history from the moment when the helicopter, as a new type of aircraft, became suitable for practical use. The first mention of an apparatus with a vertical propeller - a helicopter - is contained in the notes of Leonardo da Vinci dating back to 1483. The first stage of development stretches from the model of a helicopter created by M. V. Lomonosov in 1754, through a long series of projects, models and even real-life devices. , which were not destined to take off until the construction of the world's first helicopter, which managed to get off the ground in 1907.

The fastest helicopter in the outlines of this machine we will recognize the schematic diagram of the most common single-rotor helicopters in the world now. B. I. Yuryev managed to return to this work only in 1925. In 1932, a group of engineers headed by A. M. Cheremukhitsnch built the TsAGI 1-EA helicopter, which reached a flight altitude of 600 m and stayed in the air at 18 m/sh , which was an outstanding achievement for that time. Suffice it to say that the official flight altitude record, set 3 years later on the new Breguet coaxial helicopter, was only 180 m. At this time, there was some pause in the development of helicopters (helicopters). A new branch of rotorcraft—gyroplanes—has come to the fore.

The new Russian helicopter, with a greater load on the wing area, came face to face with the then new problem of spin loss of speed. Creating a safe and fairly advanced gyroplane turned out to be easier than building a helicopter helicopter. The rotor rotating freely from the oncoming flow eliminated the need for complex gearboxes and transmissions. The hinged fastening of the main rotor blades to the hub used on gyroplanes provided them with much greater strength and stability of the gyroplane. Finally, stopping the engine was no longer dangerous, as it was with the first helicopters: by autorotating, the gyroplane easily landed at low speed.

Large helicopters for landing marines from ships determined the further development of military helicopter construction as a transport and landing helicopter. The landing of American troops on S-55 helicopters at Inchon during the Korean War (1951) confirmed this trend. The size range of transport-landing helicopters began to be determined by the dimensions and weight of ground vehicles used by troops and which had to be transported by air. The fact is that conventional weapons, mainly artillery, transported by tractors weigh close to the weight of the tractors themselves. Therefore, the carrying capacity of the first transport helicopters in foreign armies was 1200-1600 kg (the weight of a light military vehicle used as a tractor and corresponding weapons).

USSR helicopters correspond to the weight of light and medium tanks or corresponding self-propelled chassis. Whether this line of development will be completed in such a range of dimensions depends on the constantly changing military doctrine. Artillery systems are being replaced to a greater extent by missiles, which is why we find demands in the foreign press. The power did not lead to an increase in payload. Indeed, but at the technical level of that time, the weight of the propellers, gearboxes and the entire apparatus as a whole increased with increasing power faster than the lifting force increased. However, when creating a new useful, and especially new for national economic application, the designer cannot tolerate a decrease in the achieved level of weight output.

Soviet helicopters, the first models, were created in a relatively short time, since the specific gravity of piston engines always decreased with increasing power. But in 1953, after the creation of the 13-ton Sikorsky S-56 helicopter with two 2300 hp piston engines. The size range of helicopters in Zapala was interrupted and only in the USSR, using turboprop engines. In the mid-fifties, the reliability of helicopters became significantly higher, therefore, the possibilities of their use in the national economy expanded. Economic issues came to the fore.

HeliCo Group sells helicopters from the American company Bell Helicopters. The vehicles of this manufacturer are actively used by the military, special services, civil carriers, rescuers, and private individuals.

The assortment includes the most popular and successful models:

• Bell 206-B3. The lightweight universal rotorcraft has been produced since the mid-20th century. It is actively used by businessmen, police, transport companies, rescuers and doctors. There are military modifications of the 206-B3.
• Bell 407 and 407GX. Light helicopter with one engine. The machine is suitable for transport companies, special services, and VIP transportation. The 407GX modification is equipped with a unique control system that increases flight safety in extreme conditions. The famous Bell ARH-70 attack helicopter was created on the basis of the Bell 407.
• Bell 429. This model is ideal for doctors and rescuers. The light vehicle is actively used by passenger carriers. Thanks to its two engines, the Bell 429 is highly reliable.

Bell Helicopter Benefits

Bell Helicopters has been operating since the 1930s. Over decades of work, the manufacturer has produced tens of thousands of civilian and military vehicles.

The Bell UH-1 Iroquois helicopter is the most popular model in the history of the world helicopter industry.

The distinctive characteristics of Bell helicopters are:

• Machine reliability. During mass production of popular models, Bell Helicopters takes into account and eliminates any deficiencies identified during operation. Most Bell civilian vehicles have military modifications that are tested under extreme conditions.
• Accurate and reliable navigation systems. The American manufacturer creates helicopters that can be used in remote areas without the risk of going astray.
• Possibility of modification to perform special tasks. At your request, the manufacturer equips the machine with additional equipment. The same model can act as a helicopter for a private person with a VIP interior, a rescue or medical board, or a police vessel.

About Bell Helicopters

Bell Helicopters is a division of Textron Corporation. The company has factories in the USA and Canada. It specializes in the production of civil and military helicopters. Bell's assets include the development and production of the V-22 Osprey tiltrotor. This machine, a hybrid of a helicopter and an airplane, is in service with the US Air Force.

USA, Japan, Taiwan, Germany and Italy

Type: utility and close support helicopter

Capacity: pilot and up to 14 passengers (UH-1H modification)

The Bell UH-1 family of helicopters has been built in greater numbers since the end of World War II than any other military aircraft and has been flown by more national air forces than any other type. Based on the XH-40 prototype, which was built by Bell in response to the US Army's need for utility and casualty evacuation helicopters. The first production helicopter, the HU-1A, a designation it received later, entered service in the late 1950s. In 1961, Bell refined the design and created the Model 205 helicopter, using a longer fuselage and a more powerful engine.

As a result, the UH-1D/H helicopters became the most popular among the military - they remained in production until 1986. Only 2,008 modification D helicopters were delivered to the US Army. The basis of airmobile units in the Vietnam War - the Iroquois helicopter - was also armed with various machine guns during the war, both stationary in hanging containers and manually controlled uncontrolled, and was also used in role of a helicopter artillery battery.

Further modifications included helicopters equipped with two naval engines, anti-submarine radar for sea search, and a very enlarged helicopter to transport 17 soldiers - the original UH-1A could only accommodate six. Still in widespread use today, the Bell UH-1 helicopter, in its many variants, will undoubtedly play an important role in the military well into the 21st century. A large number of Iroquois helicopters released from military service were sold to private customers, mainly in the USA, where they perform a wide variety of work.

The equipment that is primarily associated with the Vietnam War is the American Bell UH-1 Iroquois helicopter. At one time, helicopters performed very well in Korea. This forced the American command to pay special attention to them.

UH-1 Iroquois photo

In the early 50s, a competition was held to create a light multi-purpose helicopter with the ability to install machine guns and missile weapons. In 1955, the Bell Helicopter Company project was recognized as the best option.

The first prototype (Model 204) was powered by a Lycoming T53 turboshaft engine. The first flight of the prototype took place on October 20, 1956 in Fort Worth (Texas). The military version was designated the HU-1 Iroquois (later UH-1). UH-1A helicopters with the Lycoming T53-L-1A engine (770 hp) went into mass production.

Lycoming T53 engine

The Bell UH-1 Iroquois is a classic single-rotor helicopter with a two-bladed main rotor and a two-bladed tail rotor. The fuselage structure is semi-monocoque, consisting of a two-seat pilot's cabin, a cargo compartment and a tail boom. The functions of the landing device are performed by steel skis. The power plant is located in the upper part of the fuselage and consists of one or two engines, depending on the modification of the helicopter. The fuel system consists of two tanks (625 l), which are located behind the cockpit. The helicopter can carry machine guns and missiles.

Over time, new modifications of this machine appeared. In 1961, UH-1Bs began to enter the army, equipped with the T53-L-5 engine (960 hp). In 1963, the US Marine Corps received UH-1E helicopters, which were equipped with more modern radio equipment. In 1965, a new modification of the vehicle appeared, the UH-1C, which featured an improved rotor design. The UH-1D featured a new fuselage design that made it possible to increase the volume of the cargo compartment. Since 1965, attempts have been made to install two engines on the UH-1. The result was a modification of the UH-1N with two Pratt&Whitney PT6T-3 engines (total power 1800 hp). The Iroquois is one of the most produced helicopters in the history of American aviation, with more than 8,000 units built. The car was exported and produced under license abroad.

Engine Pratt&Whitney PT6T-3

The range of applications of this helicopter is very wide; it was actively used in army and civil aviation in different countries. It appeared in many military conflicts as an airborne assault and fire support helicopter.

Scheme

Bell UH-1 Specifications:

maximum take-off weight 4309 kg;

maximum speed 238 km/h;

practical range 615 km;

practical ceiling 3505 m;

payload 1361 kg (or 8 fully equipped soldiers).

UH-1 Iroquois video

Plastic rotorcraft will decorate your office or room if you put in a little effort and set aside a couple of evenings. A prefabricated model of a helicopter will look perfect if it is not installed on a stand, but hung on a special system from the ceiling. A helicopter is like a butterfly, much more beautiful in flight than on the ground.

What types of helicopters are there?

For most people, their ideas about helicopters begin and end with the MI 8 model. Yes, this is the most popular brand of helicopter in the world. The more advanced MI 24 and MI 26 received their development from him.

But how many people know that the largest and most heavy-duty helicopter in the world was designed and created in the Soviet Union?
This record holder is MI 10. The records he set have been standing for half a century, and an objective look at helicopter manufacturing allows us to assume with great confidence that this achievement will not be surpassed very soon.

For such giants, a scale of 1/144 is used. Most of the other models are produced in the popular 1/35 scale.

Finishing

The assembled model, regardless of the material, must be coated with paint and pasted over with decals. Only in this form will a prefabricated copy of the helicopter serve as an embodiment of the power of domestic science and technology.

It is best to hang the finished product on special fittings from the ceiling. After all, a helicopter is designed to fly, and it doesn’t matter what size it is.

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Radio-controlled helicopters – there are many models, but there is only one choice!

A radio controlled helicopter is the dream of many! He can fly, hover in the air, and surprise everyone around with aerobatics! Choosing the right model is not difficult - you just need to decide on the size, number of channels and screw pattern.

1. Large, medium, small?

The size of the toy is determined by where it is used. Small helicopters less than 25 cm in size are intended for home use, medium ones (up to 40 cm) are for large rooms and windless weather, large helicopters (more than 40 cm) are only for the street.

2. 3 or 4 channel?

The degree of ease of helicopter control depends on the number of channels. 3-channel ones are simpler, even a child can handle them. For adults and those who are already familiar with radio-controlled equipment, more maneuverable 4-channel helicopters are recommended. There are also 6-channel radio-controlled helicopter models, but this option is for the pros.

3. Classic or coaxial screw design?

A coaxial design consists of two screws placed one above the other. This scheme is ideal for children and beginners. It guarantees easy control and stable flight, but is vulnerable to strong gusts of wind.

Models with a classic design are the opposite – they are not afraid of the wind. They are equipped with one very fast propeller, providing higher speed and maneuverability, but at the same time requiring experience in operating such equipment.

As you can see, choosing a radio-controlled helicopter is easy! In practice, it looks like this: the easiest model to control will be a small 3-channel coaxial helicopter, and the most difficult will be a large one, with four channels and a classic propeller design.