1. Answer the following questions:

□ Who will (or can) help you and assist you in implementing your plans?

□ What people, finances, equipment and other resources are expected (or desired) to be involved?

2. Clarify your options. To do this, answer the following questions:

□ Which ones exist:

a) opportunities to achieve the goal?

b) abilities, knowledge, skills, experience?

c) people who are inclined to help you?

□ What additional resources can be attracted?

3. Analyze other possibilities for achieving the goal. Remember that there are always several ways, and perhaps the one we often resort to is far from optimal (although it is familiar to us).

Independent development of means to achieve goals

It is important not only to plan and have the means to achieve your goals, but also to independently search for and develop your own means and methods. For example, regarding the study foreign language It is worth using not only the methods proposed by others, but also developing your own. Having independently developed a working method, you will put in much more effort (the level of motivation for your work will be higher) than if you use methods developed by other people. This does not mean that you have to create a completely original technique. It may be its own system, elements of which are borrowed from other methods.

If you have set a goal to develop your physical abilities or simply improve your health, then developing your own method will increase your enthusiasm much more than inheriting someone else’s (although, of course, you are forced to rely on the experience of other people and the achievements of science).

*» Exercise

Analyze the effectiveness of the methods you use. Think about new means to achieve your goal.

Write down the prospects associated with achieving the goal

Reflect and write down answers to these questions:

□ What does achieving these goals promise for you in the future?

G Why is it worth making some efforts and overcoming difficulties?

□ List the possible long-term results of achieving your goals.

□ Analyze direct and by-products and consequences of activities.

For example, having mastered German language, I will get the option:

2) communicate with foreign colleagues and friends;

3) go abroad;

4) get a prestigious and highly paid job.

4.6. Obstacle Analysis and possible difficulties on the way to achieving the goal

Reflect and write down what possible obstacles and difficulties (objective and subjective) may prevent you from achieving your goal.

Subjective. Inertia, difficulties in organizing work, starting a new business, taking the first steps. It is not easy to overcome stereotypes and inertia and take on a new business. But you have to force yourself to act. Start working, promise yourself that tomorrow or the day after tomorrow you will work on it. Under no circumstances should you put off this important matter for you “for later.”

Objective. You can refer to a lack of time, but this is not an entirely appropriate self-justification, because time can always be found. Others may also not approve, and sometimes even interfere with the implementation of your plans. But this shouldn't scare you. When starting a new business, you are forced to go through certain trials and difficulties; you can stand and win.

____________4.7. When the goal is not achieved ____________

If you have not achieved your goals, then try to carefully analyze the reasons for the failure by answering the following questions:

1. Are your goals really that important to you? After all, how

As a rule, those goals that you are not too interested in achieving are not achieved. Are your goals still relevant? As new circumstances arise, some goals may become obsolete.

2. How realistic are your goals? People often put themselves before

fight practically unattainable goals, and then are surprised at their failures.

3. Have you put in enough effort to achieve your goal?

It should be remembered that a person does not always make appropriate efforts to achieve goals or is not inclined to overcome difficulties and obstacles.

4. Did you retreat (“give up”) too early?

5. Did you involve others in your work to a sufficient extent?

(friends, relatives, colleagues, specialists)? Without help

and support, any project is doomed to failure. Establishing connections with others helps advance the cause.

4.8. Regulation in time ________ (setting a deadline for achieving the goal) ________

Time is money! Everyone knows this, but, unfortunately, not every one of us uses it rationally. When a person is engaged in many things at the same time, he should not expect success in all matters. You should treat your time as a valuable resource.

Analyze the above and answer the following questions:

1. How productive and rational are you using your time, how useful are the things you did today?

2. How could we work more efficiently, more efficiently?

use time wisely?

Having set goals and specified them, you should indicate the pace of progress, the deadline for achieving both the final result and individual stages. This will help organize your work. For example, you might plan to work through one section of the book each month. This will give you the opportunity to monitor your progress and gradually move towards your goal.

Write down the deadlines for completing each intermediate goal (stage).

Self-control

Recording results and self-control significantly influence the motivation of activity. For example, if you decide to lose weight, then posting charts of your own weight will be quite effective. This provides the opportunity to see positive changes (which inspires, causing a desire to improve results) or negative changes (which encourages more radical steps, improving the way of working). Seeing the results of your efforts brings satisfaction and makes you want to improve them. And if you see that the results are not improving, then this will serve as a signal that your program needs correction, in

appropriate changes will encourage you to analyze the reasons for failure and improve the program.

In order to monitor your achievements, you need to find a criterion by which you can determine even slight progress towards the goal, even barely noticeable improvements. When common goal is not specified; when specific steps are not outlined, it is more difficult to record changes.

It is very important to find a means by which you can evaluate your progress towards your goal. This is quite easy to do in some sports (for example, speed or running duration). But how can you track your progress in learning a foreign language? The criterion may be the number of correctly translated sentences, the percentage of understanding of the text during reading and listening comprehension. By assessing monthly (or weekly, depending on the intensity of your classes) the number of correctly translated sentences (or the percentage of understanding of the material), you can create a fairly clear picture of progress towards the goal and make appropriate adjustments.

For example, in the first month your result is 18 points out of 50 possible. This is a low figure, but still better than last month; positive changes are being observed. Next month you also get 18 points, which indicates a lack of dynamics. You understand that it is necessary to make appropriate changes to your work, you determine typical mistakes and shortcomings and work more persistently.

It is advisable to conduct self-control while working on each component of your activity. The more components are highlighted, the better. For example, when studying a foreign language, these could be grammar, vocabulary, phraseological units, etc. By recording the results of work on each component, you will work more meaningfully and purposefully to achieve the goal.

The more often you conduct self-monitoring, the better.

How to start a business (work)

When you realize that there is a need for a certain activity, but you do not have enough motivation (motivation), self-hypnosis formulas that you can create for yourself can help.

A kind of “prayer” (self-hypnosis formulas) can act as a means of self-regulation and a method of influencing oneself, which should be developed and constantly improved and expanded.

For example, Victor wrote the following text.

“I live not only for immediate goals (today), but also strive to work for the future. I want to overcome myself and definitely start this business. I am convinced that this is a worthwhile task, and I undertake to take on it tomorrow.

It’s hard to take just the first step, and you even have to force yourself, and then things will go much easier. “I promise myself that I will definitely bring this matter to the end and I start working today.”

It is advisable for everyone to have own formulas self-hypnosis, which should be repeated from time to time when a lack of motivation is felt. It is worth remembering that if you repeat the “prayer” often, it can turn into a stamp, a stencil set of sentences that you pronounce mechanically. From time to time you should change the text and fill the “prayer” with new content.

* Exercise

Write down your prayer text business man"(self-hypnosis formulas), which will help you start a business and will keep you motivated to perform at the appropriate level.

Setting project objectives

In order to implement a project to create an online store, it is necessary to determine the tasks, by completing which, an online store of the Stroyinvest company will be created.

Development of technical specifications

Development software product

Implementation

Escort

Schematically all the tasks that must be completed for successful implementation project and the most effective implementation of sites can be represented in the form of a hierarchical tree shown in Figure 2.3.1

Figure 2.3.1 - Function tree of project development processes

After creating and structuring the task list, I needed to check how the tasks related to each other and how they corresponded to important dates. Along with duration and other scheduling factors, task dependencies play an important role in calculating the start and end dates of tasks. To determine the time frame for completing the project, a calendar plan works (Figure 2.3.2).

Figure 2.3.2 - project schedule

It represents segments (graphic blocks) placed on a horizontal time scale. Each segment corresponds to a separate task or subtask. The tasks and subtasks that make up the plan are placed vertically. The start, end and length of the segment on the time scale correspond to the start, end and duration of the task.

All tasks implemented within the framework this project, must be performed in strict sequence. The entire project can be represented as an abstract chain of states of the system being developed, the transition between which is carried out when a specific task or group of tasks is completed. This chain is illustrated in network graphics(Figure 2.3.4)

In this graph, the intermediate states of the project are represented as circles, and the tasks that help transition from one state to another are represented as arrows connecting them.

Figure 2.3.3 - Network diagram

In a network diagram, there can be multiple paths between start and end events. The path with the longest duration is called critical; it is 50 days. The critical path determines the total duration of the activity. All other routes have a shorter duration, and therefore the work performed in them has time reserves, which amount to 16 days. The duration of the total journey is 66 days, by which the completion of this work can be delayed without increasing the total duration of the work.

Resources required to implement the project

To implement the project, it is necessary to use a number of resources. This list includes not only human and technical resources, but also communication ones, since constant communication with the end user ensures maximum efficiency for the project being implemented. You can select a list of the main resources of the project.

First of all, these are human resources. Human resources mean employees of the performing enterprise who spend their work time and use their professional skills to implement the project. To implement this project, the following specialists are needed:

project curator -

monthly salary 16,000 rubles, day 761 rubles, 1 hour = 95 rubles;

economist -

monthly salary 12,000 rubles, day 570 rubles, 1 hour = 71 rubles;

Systems Analyst -

Content manager -

monthly salary 12,000 rubles, day 619 rubles, 1 hour = 71 rubles;

programmer -

monthly salary 14,000 rubles, day 666 rubles, 1 hour = 83 rubles;

designer -

monthly salary 10,000 rubles, day 476 rubles, 1 hour = 59 rubles;

software testing engineer -

monthly salary 10,000 rubles, day 476 rubles, 1 hour = 59 rubles.

The valuation of the use of specialists is expressed in the payment wages to these employees by the executing enterprise throughout the entire duration of the project.

Besides human resource, also, for the implementation of the project it is necessary computer technology. The cost assessment of the use of this type of resource is expressed in the calculation of depreciation on the equipment used over the entire period of the project. The cost of one day of use will be 12 rubles.

Also, various communication resources are involved in the work on the project. In addition to the traditional telephone communication, used to clarify terms of reference, as well as resolving issues that arise for performers, Internet access is widely used. The valuation of the use of this type of resource is expressed in the payment of bills from telecom operators and Internet providers at established tariffs. The cost of one day of use will be 20 rubles. The list of resources is shown in Figure 2.4.1.

Figure 2.4.1 - Project resources

As a result, the total cost of the project is presented in Figure 2.4.2.

Create an estimate of your project costs and a description of the resources required to implement your project, and calculate the final cost of your project.

What resources are required to implement your project?

A good financial estimate should be as specific as possible and reflect all available funds, their volume and expected costs. First of all, it is important to determine exactly what material resources are needed and what is the quantity (volume) of resources of each type required to achieve the goals. These resources can be broken down into categories, such as human resources, technical means, inventory, communications/published materials. Prepare a list of necessary resources, indicating their quantities, and try to provide the most accurate information.

What is the cost of implementing your project?

It is critical to determine the estimated cost of your project based on the time frame you have set. Having determined which resources and in what volume you need, you should establish the amount of expenses for each type of resource. To get an accurate cost estimate, do online research to get the latest information. Reach out to those who already have experience and try to find information about the budget parameters of similar projects. Please note that there are two types of expenses: direct and indirect. Your budget should reflect both. Remember also that important have units of calculation. How your costs will be calculated: based on hourly pay, per event or per person? Try to ensure that the chosen calculation order is uniform.

However, consider alternative options so that the budget is not only realistic, but also cost-effective. For example, if you want to hold a workshop, it may be cheaper to organize it in public place than specially renting a room. Be sure to check your national rules and regulations, particularly those related to wage rates. Will you have to pay taxes (such as value added tax)? This should also be taken into account when preparing cost estimates. Once you have completed this work, make sure once again that you have taken into account all the costs. You may even want to set aside a small reserve to cover miscellaneous expenses—unforeseen costs that may arise during the course of the project. Finally, you should know your budget well, as being able to justify the costs of your project to potential donors will be important.

graduate work

2.4 Resources required to implement the project

To implement the project, it is necessary to use a number of resources. This list includes not only human and technical resources, but also communication ones, since constant communication with the end user ensures maximum efficiency for the project being implemented. You can select a list of the main resources of the project.

First of all, these are human resources. Human resources mean employees of the performing enterprise who spend their working time and use their professional skills to implement the project. To implement this project, the following specialists are needed:

· project curator - monthly salary 16,000 rubles, day 761 rubles, 1 hour = 95 rubles;

· economist - monthly salary 12,000 rubles, day 570 rubles, 1 hour = 71 rubles;

· system analyst - monthly salary 14,000 rubles, day 666 rubles, 1 hour = 83 rubles;

· content manager - monthly salary 12,000 rubles, day 619 rubles, 1 hour = 71 rubles;

· programmer - monthly salary 14,000 rubles, day 666 rubles, 1 hour = 83 rubles;

· designer - monthly salary 10,000 rubles, day 476 rubles, 1 hour = 59 rubles;

· software testing engineer - monthly salary 10,000 rubles, day 476 rubles, 1 hour = 59 rubles.

The valuation of the use of specialists is expressed in the payment of wages to these employees by the executing enterprise throughout the entire duration of the project. In addition to human resources, computer technology is also needed to implement the project. The cost assessment of the use of this type of resource is expressed in the calculation of depreciation on the equipment used over the entire period of the project. The cost of one day of use will be 12 rubles. Also, various communication resources are involved in the work on the project. In addition to traditional telephone communication, used to clarify technical specifications, as well as resolve questions that arise for performers, Internet access is widely used. The valuation of the use of this type of resource is expressed in the payment of bills from telecom operators and Internet providers at established tariffs. The cost of one day of use will be 20 rubles. The list of resources is shown in Figure 2.4.1.

Figure 2.4.1 -- Project resources

As a result, the total cost of the project is presented in Figure 2.4.2.

Figure 2.4.2 -- Total cost of the project

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