Ships sf. Northern Fleet of Russia

United Strategic Command "North" is a military-administrative unit of the Armed Forces Russian Federation in the north of the country, designed to protect the Arctic region of Russia.
Formed on June 1, 1933 as the Northern Military Flotilla. On May 11, 1937, the flotilla was transformed into Northern Fleet. In 2014, it was transformed into the joint strategic command "North".
Crossed out text indicates ships/boats undergoing repairs.

43rd Missile Ship Division, military unit 20475 (Severomorsk):

TAKR "Admiral Kuznetsov" heavy aircraft-carrying cruiser of Project 11435. Board number 063.
ATRC "Peter the Great" heavy nuclear-powered missile cruiser of project 11442. Board number 099.
RKR "Marshal Ustinov" missile cruiser of project 1164. Board number 055.
EM "Admiral Ushakov" destroyer of project 956. Board number 474.

14th brigade of anti-submarine ships, military unit 20546 (Murmansk region, Severomorsk):

BOD "Admiral Chabanenko" is a large anti-submarine ship of project 11551. Board number 650.
BOD "Admiral Levchenko" is a large anti-submarine ship of Project 1155. Board number 605.
BOD "Vice Admiral Kulakov" is a large anti-submarine ship of Project 1155. Board number 626.
BOD "Severomorsk" is a large anti-submarine ship of Project 1155. Board number 619.

432nd detachment of support vessels (Murmansk region, Severomorsk):

Enguri is a small cable vessel of Project 1112.
KIL-164 is a kill vessel.
KSV-872 is a communications boat of Project 1388N.
"Rescuer Kononenko" - boats of project 23370M.
Manych is a sea water transport project 1549.
Prut - sea tanker project 160.
Dubna is a tanker.
MB 5 is a Project 733 sea tug.
Sergey Osipov is a large sea tanker.
MB 15 is a Project 714 sea tug.
MB 38 is a Project 714 sea tug.
RB 68 is a Project 498 road tug.
RB 66 is a Project 498 road tug.
RB 114 is a Project 498 road tug.
Kama is a tanker.
Vyazma is a tanker.
MB 100 is a Project 745 sea tug.
Pechora - sea transport project 740.
MB 110 is a Project 745 sea tug.
MB 56 is a Project 745 sea tug.
RB 29 is a Project 737 road tug.
RB 49 is a Project 737 road tug.
Genrikh Gasanov is a large sea tanker.
Yauza is a dry cargo vessel project 550.
Svir is a hospital ship of Project 320.
Terek is a Project 577 medium sea tanker.
RB 34 - road tug of project 90600.
RB 47 is a Project 90600 road tug.
RB 48 is a Project 90600 road tug.
Pomorie is a Project 90600 road tug.

43rd separate division of water area security ships (Severodvinsk):

"Onega" is a small anti-submarine ship of Project 1124M. Airborne number 164.
"Naryan-Mar" is a small anti-submarine ship of Project 1124M. Board number 138.
RT-259 is a Project 1258 road minesweeper.
RT-236 is a Project 1258 road minesweeper. Board number 259.
VTR-140 - sea transport of project 773.

16th brigade of ships under construction and repair, military unit 20458 (Arkhangelsk region, Severodvinsk).

339th separate brigade of submarines under construction and repair, military unit 95420 (Arkhangelsk region, Severodvinsk):

B-90 “Sarov” is an experimental (test) Russian diesel-electric submarine, the only ship of Project 20120. The submarine is designed to test new types of weapons and military equipment.
TRKSN TK-208 "Dmitry Donskoy" nuclear submarine with ballistic missiles of Project 941U. (Experimental nuclear submarine, used for testing Bulava missiles).

44th group of support vessels (Arkhangelsk region, Severodvinsk):

MB 8 is a Project 733 sea tug.
MNS 3500 is a small sea tanker of Project 1844.
PZhK 1545 fire ship of project 14613.
MB 19 is a Project 745 sea tug.
SR 72 Vladimir Kotelnikov - demagnetization vessel of Project 1799.
VTN 36 is a small sea tanker of Project 1844.
SB 9 is a Project 733 sea tug.
Mikhail Lomonosov - project 1806 physical field control vessel.
Zvezdochka is a Project 20180 rescue and tugboat.
Ilya Muromets is a diesel-electric icebreaker of project 21180.

41st district of hydrographic service (Arkhangelsk region, Severodvinsk):

BGK-2154 is a hydrographic boat of Project 19920.
GS 192 is a small hydrographic vessel of Project 871.
GS 392 is a small hydrographic vessel of Project 872.

83rd group of hydrographic vessels (Arkhangelsk region, Severodvinsk):
BGK 310 is a large hydrographic boat of the 1896 project.
GS 297 is a small hydrographic vessel of Project 872.
GS 405 is a small hydrographic vessel of Project 872.
BGK 192 is a large hydrographic boat of the 1896 project.

Kola Red Banner Flotilla of heterogeneous forces, military unit 36070 (Murmansk region, Polyarny)

121st landing ship brigade, military unit 36045 (Polar):

BDK "George the Victorious" large landing ship of Project 775. Board number 016.
BDK "Alexander Otrakovsky" large landing ship of Project 775. Board number 031.
BDK "Olenegorsky Miner" is a large landing ship of Project 775. Board number 012.
BDK "Kondopoga" is a large landing ship of Project 775. Board number 027.
BDK "Ivan Gren" is a large landing ship of Project 11711. Board number 135 (put into service in 2017).
D-148 landing boat of project 1176 "Shark".
D-464 landing boat of project 1176 "Shark".
D-182 landing boat of project 1176 "Shark".
D-163 "Nikolay Rubtsov" landing boat.

161st Submarine Brigade, military unit 36021 (Polar):

Submarine B-177 "Lipetsk" diesel submarine of project 877.
PL B-459 “Vladikavkaz” diesel submarine of Project 877.
PL B-471 "Magnitogorsk" diesel submarine of Project 877.
Submarine B-800 "Kaluga" diesel submarine of project 877LPMB.
Submarine B-808 "Yaroslavl" diesel submarine of project 877E.
B-585 "St. Petersburg" diesel-electric submarine, the lead ship of Project 677 "Lada".

7th Guards Brigade of Water Area Protection Ships, military unit 90829 (Polar):

141st tactical group (Murmansk region, Olenya Bay):
"Monchegorsk" is a small anti-submarine ship of Project 1124M. Board number 190.
"Snezhnogorsk" is a small anti-submarine ship of Project 1124M. Board number 196.
"Brest" is a small anti-submarine ship of Project 1124M. Airborne number 199.
"Yunga" is a small anti-submarine ship of Project 1124M. Airborne number 113.

142nd tactical group (Polar):
MRK "Iceberg" small rocket ship of project 1234. Board number 535.
MRK "Rassvet" small rocket ship of project 12341. Board number 520.

143rd tactical group (Polar):
TSH "Yelnya" is a basic minesweeper of project 12650. Board number 561.
TC "Polyarny" is a basic minesweeper of project 12650. Board number 402.
TSh "Solovetsky cabin boy" is a basic minesweeper of project 12650. Board number 466.
TSH "Kotelnich" is a basic minesweeper of project 12650. Board number 454.
TSCH "Yadrin" is a basic minesweeper of project 12650. Board number 469.
TSH "Kolomna" is a basic minesweeper of project 12650. Board number 426.

144th tactical group (Polar):
TSH "Vladimir Gumanenko" sea minesweeper of project 12660. Board number 811.
TSH "Machinist" sea minesweeper of project 266M. Tail number 911.

152nd special forces detachment to combat PDSS, military unit 13106 (Murmansk region, Polyarny): 60 people.

601st separate division of hydrographic vessels (Murmansk region, Polyarny):

BGK-2148 is a large hydrographic boat of Project 19920.
MGK 657 is a small hydrographic boat of Project 1403.
BGK 462 is a large hydrographic boat.
BGK 663 is a large hydrographic boat.
BGK 754 is a large hydrographic boat.
BGK 885 is a large hydrographic boat.
VIZIR is a Project 862 hydrographic vessel.
HYDROLOGIST - hydrographic vessel.
HORIZONT - hydrographic vessel.
SENEZH is a hydrographic vessel.
GS 526 is a hydrographic vessel.
GS 440 is a hydrographic vessel.
GS 278 - hydrographic vessel.
GS 87 is a hydrographic vessel.
MARS is a hydrographic vessel.
ROMUALD MUKLEVICH - hydrographic vessel.

86th rescue squad of search and rescue operations department (Murmansk region, Polyarny):

KIL-143 is a kill vessel.
KIL-22 is a kill vessel.
KIL-31 is a kill vessel.
RVK 557 is a Project 1415 raid boat.
PZHK 1348 is a firefighting ship of Project 14613.
PZHK 1378 is a firefighting ship of Project 14613.
PZhK 1546 is a firefighting ship of Project 14613.
PZhK 2055 is a firefighting ship of Project 14613.
PZhK 49 - fire boat of project 364.
PZhK 54 - fire boat of project 364.
SB 131 Nikolay Chiker - rescue tug.
VM 33 is a Project 522 diving vessel.
VM 69 is a Project 522 diving vessel.
VM 121 is a diving vessel of Project 522.
VM 126 is a Project 522 diving vessel.
VM 277 is a Project 535 diving vessel.
VM 72 is a Project 1415 raid boat.
VM 915 is a Project 535 diving vessel.
PZhS-64 is a firefighting ship of the 1993 project.
KRKH-536 is a Project 1388 torpedo boat.
VM 227 is a Project 535 diving vessel.
RVK 122 is a Project 1415 raid boat.
Georgy Titov - rescue vessel.
SB 365 is a Project 714 sea tug.
SB 523 - sea tug of project 714.
Altai is a sea tug of project 1452.
SB 406 is a Project 712 sea tug.
Pamir - sea tug of project 1452.
Mikhail Rudnitsky rescue ship.

Detachment of support vessels (Murmansk region, Roslyakovo):

SR 569 degaussing vessel of project 130.
RB 243 is a Project 737 road tug.
SR 216 is a degaussing vessel of Project 130.
PKZ-23 is a Project 130 demagnetization vessel.
SR 215 is a degaussing vessel of Project 1799.
SR 261 is a degaussing vessel of Project 1799.
VTN 35 is a small sea tanker of Project 1844.
SPK-44150 is a self-propelled floating crane of project 02690.
SPK-45150 is a self-propelled floating crane of project 02690.

8th group of support vessels (Murmansk region, Roslyakovo):

Academician Isanin is a Project 1806 physical field control vessel.
Academician Makeev is a Project 1806 physical field control vessel.
Vladimir Peregudov - project 1806 physical field control vessel.
CP 548 is a Project 130 physical field control vessel.

518th division of reconnaissance ships, military unit 20524 (Murmansk region, Polyarny):

SSV-571 "Belomorye" is a large reconnaissance ship of Project 1826.
"Viktor Leonov" is a Project 864 medium reconnaissance ship.
SSV 169 "Tavria" is a Project 864 medium reconnaissance ship.
SSV "Yuri Ivanov" is a medium reconnaissance ship of Project 18280.
GS-31 “Chusovoy” is a Project 745 sea tug.

Red Banner Submarine Forces of the Northern Fleet (Murmansk Region, Gadzhievo)

7th Submarine Division (Vidyaevo):

Nuclear submarine B-276 "Kostroma" nuclear submarine of project 945.
Nuclear submarine B-336 "Pskov" nuclear submarine of project 945A.
Nuclear submarine B-534 " Nizhny Novgorod» Project 945A nuclear submarine.
Nuclear submarine B-414 "Daniil Moskovsky" nuclear submarine of project 671RTMK.
Nuclear submarine B-448 "Tambov" nuclear submarine of project 671RTMK.

140th special forces detachment to combat PDSS, military unit 69068 (Murmansk region, Videvo)

11th Submarine Division (Murmansk-150):

Nuclear submarine K-119 "Voronezh" Guards nuclear submarine with Project 949A cruise missiles.
Nuclear submarine K-266 "Eagle" is a nuclear submarine with Project 949A cruise missiles.
Nuclear submarine K-410 "Smolensk" nuclear submarine with Project 949A cruise missiles.
Nuclear submarine B-138 "Obninsk" nuclear submarine of project 671RTMK.
Nuclear submarine K-560 "Severodvinsk" nuclear submarine of project 885.
Nuclear submarine K-561 "Kazan" nuclear submarine of Project 885M "Yasen-M" (put into service in 2018).

160th special forces detachment to combat PDSS, military unit 09619 (Murmansk region, Murmansk-150)

31st submarine division (Murmansk region, Gadzhievo):

Nuclear submarine K-18 "Karelia" nuclear submarine with ballistic missiles of Project 667BDRM.
Nuclear submarine K-51 "Verkhoturye" nuclear submarine with ballistic missiles of Project 667BDRM.
Nuclear submarine K-84 "Ekaterinburg" nuclear submarine with ballistic missiles of project 667BDRM.
Nuclear submarine K-114 "Tula" nuclear submarine with ballistic missiles of Project 667BDRM.
Nuclear submarine K-117 "Bryansk" nuclear submarine with ballistic missiles of Project 667BDRM.
Nuclear submarine K-407 "Novomoskovsk" nuclear submarine with ballistic missiles of Project 667BDRM.
Nuclear submarine K 535 "Yuri Dolgoruky" nuclear submarine with ballistic missiles of Project 955.

58th separate security company, military unit 10672
(Murmansk region, Gadzhievo village).

269th special forces detachment to combat PDSS, military unit 30853 (Murmansk region, Gadzhievo village)

24th Submarine Division (Yagelnaya Guba):

Nuclear submarine K-154 "Tiger" nuclear submarine of project 971.
Nuclear submarine K-157 "Vepr" nuclear submarine of project 971.
Nuclear submarine K-317 "Panther" nuclear submarine of project 971.
Nuclear submarine K-328 "Leopard" nuclear submarine of project 971.
Nuclear submarine K-335 "Gepard" Guards nuclear submarine of Project 971.
Nuclear submarine K-461 "Wolf" Project 971 nuclear submarine.

29th separate brigade of special purpose submarines GUGI, military unit 13090 (Murmansk region, Gadzhievo, Olenya Guba):

APL AS-21 special-purpose nuclear submarine of Project 1851.
APL AS-35 special-purpose nuclear submarine of Project 1851.
APL AS-23 special-purpose nuclear submarine of Project 1851.
Nuclear submarine BS-129 "Orenburg" special purpose nuclear submarine of project 09786.
The nuclear submarine BS-64 "Podmoskovye" is a special-purpose nuclear submarine of Project 667BDRM.
The K-329 Belgorod nuclear submarine is a special-purpose nuclear submarine of Project 09852 (put into service in 2019).
AS-31 “Losharik” nuclear deep-sea station of project 10831.
AS-13 nuclear deep-sea station of project 1910.
AS-15 nuclear deep-sea station of project 1910.
AS-33 nuclear deep-sea station of project 1910.

Nth tactical group (Arkhangelsk region, Novaya Zemlya archipelago, Rogachevo village)

Nth tactical group (Franz Josef Land archipelago, Alexandra Land island)

Nth tactical group (Severnaya Zemlya archipelago, Sredny Island)

99th tactical group, military unit 74777 (New Siberian Islands archipelago, Kotelny Island)

61st Kirkenes Red Banner Marine Brigade, military unit 38643 (Murmansk region, Pechenga district, Sputnik village)

153rd special forces detachment to combat PDSS (Murmansk region, Gremikha)

420th naval reconnaissance point, military unit 40145 (Murmansk region, Kola district, Zverosovkhoz village)

536th separate coastal missile brigade, military unit 10544 (Murmansk region, Guba Olenya village)

186th separate electronic warfare center, military unit 60134 (Murmansk region, Severomorsk)

Mobile communication center (Polar).

516th communications center, military unit 40630 (Severomorsk).

180th separate naval engineering battalion, military unit 36085 (Severomorsk).

3805th Integrated Logistics Base, military unit 96143 (MTO).

1st Army Corps (Murmansk region, Murmansk):

80th separate Arctic motorized rifle brigade, military unit 34667 (Alakurtti village, Murmansk region)

200th separate motorized rifle Pechenga Order of Kutuzov brigade, military unit 08275 (Murmansk region, Pechenga village, Korzunovo village, Verkhnee and Nizhneye Luostari villages)

58th separate control battalion (Murmansk region, Murmansk).

45th Air Force and Air Defense Army, military unit 06351 (Severomorsk, Safonovo village).

403rd separate mixed aviation regiment, military unit 49324 (Murmansk region, Severomorsk-1, Severomosk-1 airfield)

2nd Guards Air Group, military unit 49324-2 (Vologda region, Fedotovo village, Kipelovo station, Kipelovo airfield)

3rd Guards Air Group, military unit 49324-3 (Moscow, Ostafyevo village, Ostafyevo airfield)

279th separate shipborne fighter aviation Smolensk Red Banner Regiment named after twice Hero of the Soviet Union B.F. Safonova, military unit 26808 (Murmansk region, Severomorsk-3 settlement, Severomorsk-3 airfield)

100th separate naval fighter aviation regiment (Yeysk, with further redeployment to Severomorsk-3, Severomorsk-3 airfield)

Northern Fleet of the Russian Navy

Patch of the Northern Fleet of the Russian Navy

Total information

Number of members

Technique (as of 2014):

• Underwater equipment - 45 units;
• Surface equipment - 38 units.

Military conflicts

Order of the Red Banner

Northern Fleet- the newest fleet in Russia, it has existed for 83 years. Formed on June 1, 1933 as the Northern Military Flotilla. On May 11, 1937, the flotilla was transformed into the Northern Fleet. The fleet is deployed in the seas of the Arctic Ocean, with a base currently located in the city of Severomorsk. The Northern Fleet acquired its first large-scale combat experience during the Soviet-Finnish War of 1939 - 1940, and the Northern Fleet also made a huge contribution to the Great Patriotic War, for which it was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. At the moment, the fleet has ships of all types and classes, the fleet meets all the innovations in military equipment and weapons. Currently headed by Admiral Vladimir Ivanovich Korolev.

Story

Prerequisites for creation

In September 1906, Rear Admiral I.F. Bostrema received a mission to study the terrain of the Northern Expanse and its coastline, for the establishment and construction of a future base for the northern fleet. Having received a couple of armadillos at my disposal. “Tsesarevich” and “Glory”, he laid out a route from the Baltic Sea, skirting Scandinavia, to the north, planning to explore and visit Catherine Harbor, Pechenga Bay and Teriberka.

Creation of a commission

In the summer of 1907, in dire need of action to create a fleet, a special commission was urgently formed under the command of Captain 2nd Rank A.G. Butakov. The purpose of the commission was to more thoroughly study and select a location for the future basing of the fleet. The cruiser Almaz was chosen for this task. Having completed its mission in September 1907, the commission encountered a number of difficulties and difficulties in resolving this issue, and the commission failed to get significantly closer to its goal. In particular, the Northern Sea Route was difficult to master, and no money was allocated for its study at that time. Only enthusiasts and rare scientists showed interest in this, which was not sufficient for the full picture, the construction of a base in the North.

Possible locations for building a base.

• Catherine's harbor;
• Pechenga;
• bays of the Rybachy Peninsula;
• city ​​of Arkhangelsk.

War as fleet progress

The creation of a fleet in the North was prompted by the First World War, which began on July 19, 1914, the largest power leaders, in the struggle for new territories, encroached on the integrity of Russia, significantly appeared on the battlefield new technology, which has not previously participated in battles, these are aviation and submarines. Russia at that time had well-developed Baltic and Black Sea fleets, but sea routes of communication on these seas were unsafe, since in the Baltic Sea Russia was fighting the German fleet, and in the Black Sea, Turkey, the Kaiser’s ally, did not loosen its grip. Also Russia had a Far Eastern fleet, but it was inconvenient because it was located at a great distance, and convoys would take a very long time to travel this way. And at that time, the Northern Fleet with its port of Arkhangelsk was the most convenient and safe.

But new weapons and battles had long crossed the borders of land, and they unfolded on a full scale on the water, the Germans had submarines, ships at their disposal, laid minefields, in order to confront and conduct a successful military campaign, the urgent question arose of creating a strong fleet in the North, with its own bases and coastal defense. Before this, there was not a single warship in the North, only merchant ships.

At the beginning of 1916, the first special defense detachment in the North was formed (converted from commercial and fishing vessels.)

• cruiser "Kolguev";
• cruiser "Vasily the Great";
• minesweeper "Vostok";
• hydrographic vessel "Khariton Laptev";
• minelayer "Ussuri".

With the introduction of the mine threat to ships and ships between the Kola Bay and Arkhangelsk, it was necessary to create an intermediate base of the Northern Fleet for basing ships and mine clearing trawls. Iokangskaya Bay was an ideal place for this, being located on the approaches to the throat of the White Sea. On this occasion, the command developed a plan to carry out the construction of the base in a short time, but due to the difficult conditions of the war, this plan was never fully realized, and the bay was used only for temporary stops. Not perceiving a real threat, and due to inaction, in the summer of 1915, German mines began to blow up merchant ships. Having promptly responded to the situation, the command created a permanent trawling detachment, which was based in the Arkhangelsk port; for a faster response, they were converted from commercial and fishing vessels.

Formation of the Arctic Ocean flotilla

In July 1916, the formation of the Arctic Ocean flotilla was officially announced by order of the maritime department. Initially, it was subordinated to Vice Admiral A.P. Ugryumov, commander-in-chief of the city of Arkhangelsk and the White Sea region. In October of the same year, the post of flotilla commander was introduced, combined with the post of commander-in-chief, which was occupied by Vice Admiral L.F. Korovin (Kerber).

The flotilla being created was to consist of:

• A detachment of cruisers and destroyers;
• Trawling Division;
• Detachment of vessels for the defense of the Kola Bay;
• a detachment of vessels protecting the water area of ​​the Arkhangelsk port;
• Communication service vessels;

The flotilla bases were planned:

• Arkhangelsk;
• Yokanga;
• Catherine Harbor in the Kola Bay.

Flotilla tasks:

• escorting merchant ships behind minesweepers through minefields;
• covering convoys from attacks by enemy light and auxiliary cruisers and submarines;
• protecting their ports and coasts.

Based on these tasks, as well as the flotilla’s basing system and its methods of action, the Naval General Staff proposed dividing the Northern Maritime Theater into three operational zones:

• the first zone included the southern part of the Barents Sea and extended from the Norwegian border to the meridian of Cape Holy Nose.
• the second included the throat of the White Sea, its border from the north ran along the line Svyatoy Nos - Kanin Nos, and from the south - along the line Soskovets Island - Cape Intsy.
• the third part is the White Sea along with the Dvina, Kandalaksha and Onega bays.

Although this plan of the naval general staff did not take into account the theater's needs for naval forces, it was approved in February 1916, and the Navy Ministry began deploying the flotilla. By this time, two formations of ships of the trawling party and a detachment guarding the water area of ​​the Arkhangelsk port were already in the North.

Manning the flotilla: To staff the flotilla, it was decided to use mainly ships located in the Far East, as well as Russian ships captured by the Japanese during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904 - 1905.

1. squadron battleships "Poltava", "Peresvet" and the cruiser "Varyag" (In March 1916, the tsarist government purchased from Japan for 15 million rubles in gold, which were sunk during the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905 and then raised from the bottom of the sea and repaired by the Japanese).
2. destroyers "Vlastny" and "Grozovoy" (arrived in the first half of 1916).
3. destroyers “Captain Yurasovsky”, “Besshumny”, “Lieutenant Sergeev” and “Besstrashny” (arrived in 1917).
4. submarine "Dolphin" (It was transported from Vladivostok to Arkhangelsk by rail).
5. submarine "St. George" (was purchased in Italy).

The First World War showed with particular conviction the enormous importance for Russia of the Northern Maritime Theater and the need to create a sufficiently strong navy here. It also became obvious that it was completely possible to use not only surface ships, but also submarines, as well as all types of weapons, including mines, in polar conditions for combat operations.

Birth of the Northern Fleet

In the Northern Sea Theater, after the expulsion of the interventionists and White Guards from the remaining ships and coastal units, the White Sea Flotilla was formed on March 1, 1920. On April 25, it was renamed the North Sea Naval Forces. The main core of these forces consisted of two destroyers “Captain Yurasovsky” and “Lieutenant Sergeev”, a detachment of motorized fighter boats, twelve minesweepers, the main tasks of the North Sea Naval Forces were to protect territorial waters, the coast and fisheries, mine sweeping, raising sunken ships, ensuring the safety of navigation in the North, conducting hydrographic research. However, it was not possible to maintain the military fleet in the North of the Soviet Republic. The incredibly difficult economic situation of the country forced the party and the government to make significant cuts in order to save money. In May 1922, a decision was made to disband the North Sea Naval Forces. Some of the ships, along with their personnel, transferred to the preserved maritime border guard and continued to serve military service in the north.

• On June 1, 1933, a military flotilla was formed consisting of:

1. Command and headquarters of the flotilla.
2. Political department of the flotilla.
3. Murmansk military port.
4. Command and headquarters of the submarine division.
5. Submarines (2 ranks) “Decembrist” and “Narodovolets”,
6. Destroyers (2 ranks) “Uritsky” and “Kuibyshev”.
7. Patrol ships (2 ranks) “Hurricane” and “Smerch”.

Directorate of the Murmansk sector and a separate artillery division of coastal defense. The permanent base of the flotilla was established in Murmansk - Kola Bay. In accordance with the order of the People's Commissar of Defense of May 11, 1937, the flotilla was reorganized into the Northern Fleet.

On November 26, 1939, the USSR government sent a note of protest to the Finnish government regarding the artillery shelling, which, according to the Soviet side, was carried out from Finnish territory. Responsibility for the outbreak of hostilities was placed entirely on Finland. According to a number of historians, this offensive operation of the USSR against Finland dates back to the Second World War. The outbreak of hostilities led to the fact that in December 1939 the USSR, as an aggressor, was expelled from the League of Nations.

General tasks of the Northern Fleet in the war Finland did not have a fleet. The Northern Fleet was assigned the main tasks:

1. full fire support for the land 14th Army, stand guard in the Kola and Motovsky bays, and prevent the enemy from breaking through in these sea directions;
2. to suppress and destroy enemy landings when attempting assistance or landing, in particular to protect the integrity of sea borders in the Murmansk direction.

capture of the Sredny and Rybachy peninsulas On the same day, an order was received to capture and hold the Sredny and Rybachy peninsulas; for this purpose, the command created an offensive plan for a lightning-fast and rapid capture, where the army was divided into two parts:

The first group of troops is the main task, the attack on the Sredny Peninsula, to which the destroyer Karl Liebknecht was allocated, to suppress sea and ground targets with fire;

The second group of troops is the main and shock group of troops, which will have to carry out an attack on the Rybachy Peninsula; the ship “Groza”, two border patrol ships and three trawling vessels were allocated in support, as well as for efficiency and confusion of the enemy, aviation and submarine detachments;

The 14th Army received orders to go on the offensive and capture western part the Sredny and Rybachy peninsulas, which were on the flank of the front and controlled the entrance to the Kola Bay and Pechenga Bay. The beginning of hostilities was marked by the destroyer "Karl Liebknecht" by shelling the camp of Pummanki and Maattivuono on the Sredny Peninsula. Having completed the initial stage of the battle, according to the plan, it entered Motovsky Bay and took up the designated position to support a group of ground forces and protection from the sea. The naval support group of the second group deployed its ships along the peninsulas to block support from the sea and provide support on land.

At 8:30 a.m. on November 30, the ships of the Northern Fleet opened suppressive fire from all guns on previously scouted enemy fortifications, and the troops of the 14th Army began a large-scale offensive on the Sredny and Rybachy peninsulas. Thanks to the excellent cohesion of the fleet and the ground army, by the end of the first day the tasks of capturing the peninsulas were completed. And the command began to plan a strike on the port of Petsamo.

Capture of the ports of Linahamari and Petsamo

The 104th Division of the 14th Army was already fighting when the ships of the fleet approached at 14:00 for help, and by the evening the ports were captured. In March, the Red Army managed to drive the enemy to the Karelian Isthmus, where the main forces were defeated, which forced Finland to capitulate. By drawing up a peace treaty with Finland, the Sredniy and Rybachy peninsulas were transferred to the territory of the USSR, to which in response it undertook to withdraw troops from the country and, in particular, from the port of Petsamo, according to the 1920 treaty.

The Great Patriotic War

The forces of the Northern Fleet at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War were:

1. a separate division of destroyers (5 new ships of the “Gremyashchiy” type and 3 old “Novik” type);
2. submarine brigade (15 large, medium and small boats);
3. a formation of patrol ships (Groza type),
4. connection of minesweepers,
5. connection of minelayers and patrol boats (type MO-4) for guarding the water area (OVR) of the main fleet base.

In addition to the Polyarny, the ships were based in Murmansk, Arkhangelsk and other ports.

Fleet Air Force

1. consisted of 116 aircraft - bombers, fighters and reconnaissance aircraft.

(Commander Major General of Aviation A. A. Kuznetsov)

Coastal and air defense consisted of several dozen batteries with a caliber of up to 180 mm. The fleet had bases, airfields and coastal defense units at all the most important points, and had an established surveillance and communications service.

The main task of the Northern Fleet during the war:

• support ground forces in the Murmansk direction;
• protect the country's internal and external communications in the Arctic and disrupt enemy sea routes along the coast of Northern Norway.

Creation of the Marine Corps in the Northern Fleet

The difficult situation on the land front forced the command of the Northern Fleet to urgently create new units and formations of the Marine Corps. During 1941, he formed a separate brigade, several regiments and battalions with a total number of 10 thousand people.

One of the first North Sea residents to go to the land front was Komsomol senior sergeant V.P. Kislyakov. In one of the battles in July 1941, he replaced a killed platoon commander, and the soldiers under his command successfully repelled fierce attacks from superior enemy forces for several hours. In this battle, Soviet soldiers led by Kislyakov destroyed dozens of enemy soldiers. For the heroism shown in the fight against the Nazi invaders, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR awarded Vasily Pavlovich Kislyakov the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

The legendary feat of Severomorsk resident I.M. Sivko will forever remain in the memory of Soviet people. On August 2, 1941, covering the retreat of his comrades, the fearless warrior steadfastly defended an important height. When Sivko ran out of ammunition, the Nazis tried to take him prisoner. Having let them get very close, the Red Navy man stood up to his full height and, with the exclamation “Russians do not surrender,” blew up the last grenade. Having destroyed the enemies, the Severomorets himself died. Ivan Mikhailovich Sivko was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Results of the Patriotic War for the Northern Fleet

• About 1,500 artillery installations, 3,000 torpedoes and many other combat and technical equipment were repaired;
• Ship repair enterprises in Murmansk and Arkhangelsk repaired 2,653 warships and vessels;
• Navy medics achieved excellent results in treating the wounded and sick, returning 68.5% of the wounded and 92.9% of the sick to duty;
• Auxiliary vessels transported 1.7 million tons of various cargoes and performed many other tasks;
• Courageous rescuers promptly came to the aid of 59 emergency warships and transport vessels, raised 196 ships and transports from the bottom of the sea, and recovered 22 thousand tons of valuable cargo from sunken ships;
• The volume of military transportation amounted to more than 1 million people and more than 1.6 million tons of cargo; the transport fleet transported about 2 million tons of national economic cargo;
• The ships of the fleet passed through internal communications 2568 ships in 1471 convoys. At the same time, losses amounted to only 0.47% of the total number of transports;

Battle achievements:

• About 1,300 enemy aircraft were destroyed;
• transport fleet, 413 ships with a total tonnage of more than 1 million gross tons were destroyed;
• The losses of the German navy amounted to 214 ships and auxiliary vessels.

Chronology of the most important events in the history of the Northern Fleet

Dates and descriptions for them from 1933 to 1983.

• June 1, 1933 - Formation of the Northern Military Flotilla (with permanent base in

Murmansk), which marked the beginning of the creation of the Northern Fleet;

• July 21 - 22 - Party and government commission consisting of K. E. Voroshilov, S. M. Kirov and I.V. Stalin visited the ships of the Northern Military Flotilla, went around the Kola Bay on the towing steamer "Burevestnik" and outlined their base locations;
• September - The first big voyage of a detachment of ships of the flotilla, their visit to the city of Arkhangelsk;
• October - A separate division of submarines is formed, marking the beginning of the submarine forces of the Northern Fleet;
• December - First party conference of the flotilla. Creation of the Flotilla Drama Theater;
• February 13, 1934 - The steamship “Chelyuskin”, while trying to navigate the Northern Sea Route, was covered in ice and died in the Chukchi Sea. The crew of the ship, led by the head of the expedition O. Yu. Schmidt, landed on an ice floe;
• February 23 - The first awarding of North Sea residents. Orders and medals of the USSR were awarded to a large group of participants in the transition to the North;
• April 3 - Creation of the flotilla surveillance and communications service;
• April 11 and 13 - The crew of “Chelyuskin” was removed from the ice floe and transported to the shore by plane;
• May - First long voyage separate division of submarines. The submariners reached the North Cape, and then practiced training tasks in the White Sea;
• June 28 - September 20 - The ice cutter "F. Litke", led by V. Yu. Wiese, for the first time in history, during one navigation, made the transition along the Northern Sea Route from Vladivostok to Murmansk;
• September - First flotilla sports festival;
• August 6, 1935 - Visit to the flotilla by A. A. Zhdanov and A. I. Mikoyan, who resolved on the spot a number of issues regarding the construction of bases and fortifications, the supply of ships and units. Commissioning of the Northern Fleet's main base, Polyarnoye, and the transfer of surface ships and submarines of the Northern Military Flotilla to it for permanent deployment. The first voyage of a submarine division under the command of K. N. Griboyedov in the ice of the Kara Sea. Participation in this campaign of the commander of the Northern Military Flotilla, flagship of the 1st rank. K. I. Dushenova.
• 1936 - First Komsomol conference of the flotilla;
• July 2-October 17 - Transition of the destroyers “Voikov” (commander captain 3rd rank M. G. Sukhorukov) and “Stalin” (commander lieutenant commander V. N. Obukhov) by the Northern Sea Route from Kronstadt to Vladivostok;
• September 17 - Arrival from Leningrad to Murmansk of the first three MBR-2 aircraft, which laid the foundation for North Sea aviation;
• May 11, 1937 - Order of the People's Commissar of Defense on the reorganization of the Northern Military Flotilla into the Northern Fleet;
• May 21 - The USSR N-170 aircraft, piloted by Hero of the Soviet Union M.V. Vodopyanov, landed a group of Soviet specialists on the ice near the North Pole: the head of the North Pole geophysical station I.D. Papanin, hydrobiologist P.P. Shirshov , magnetologist E.K. Fedorov and radio operator E.T. Krenkel;
• July 18 - 20 - The first trans-Arctic flight from the USSR to the USA via the North Pole, undertaken by Soviet pilots V.P. Chkalov, G.F. Baidukov and A.V. Belyakov on the ANT-25 aircraft;
• June 18 - The first issue of the Northern Fleet newspaper “Krasnoflotets” was published;
• July 12 - 14 - The second trans-Arctic flight from the USSR to the USA via the North Pole, performed by Soviet pilots M. M. Gromov, A. B. Yumashev and S. A. Danilin on an ANT-25 aircraft;
• July 31 - The hydrographic vessels “Okean” and “Okhotsk”, under the leadership of A. M. Lavrov, made the transition from Murmansk to the Far East via the Northern Sea Route;
• January 1938 - A separate brigade of submarines of the Northern Fleet was formed with a base in Ekaterininskaya Harbor.
• February - The first link of fleet torpedo boats was formed;
• February 19 - I. D. Papanin's group was removed from the drifting ice floe "North Pole" by the hydrographic vessels "Taimyr" and "Murman". Participation in this operation of the North Sea submarines "D-3", "Shch-402" and "Shch-404";
• April 1939 - Flight from the USSR to North America across the North Atlantic, undertaken by Soviet pilot V.K. Kokkinaki on the Moscow plane. Participation in ensuring this flight of the Northern Fleet submarines “Shch-402”, “Shch-403”, “Shch-404” and “D-2”;
• November 30 - Beginning of the Soviet-Finnish War;
• December 1 - Capture of Soviet troops with the assistance of the Northern Fleet ships Linahamari and Petsamo;
• March 12, 1940 - Signing of a peace treaty between the USSR and Finland in Moscow. During this war, for the successful completion of command assignments and the courage and heroism displayed, 72 North Sea residents were awarded military orders and medals;
• August 5 - Transition of the submarine "Shch-423" under the command of captain 3rd rank I.M. Zaidulin along the Northern Sea Route from Polyarny to Vladivostok;
• June 22, 1941 - The treacherous attack of Nazi Germany on the USSR. The beginning of the Great Patriotic War. On this day, North Sea coastal battery No. 221 destroyed an enemy minesweeper in Pechenga Bay;
• June 24, 1941 - Senior Lieutenant B.F. Safonov, having shot down the fascist Xe-111 aircraft, opened the combat account of fleet pilots;
• July 6 - Landing by ships of the Northern Fleet in Zapadnaya Litsa Bay;
• July 12 - Patrol ship No. 29 ("Diamond") sank a fascist submarine for the first time in the North;
• July 13 - Heroic battle of the patrol ship "Passat" (commander senior lieutenant V.L. Okunevich) with three fascist destroyers;
• July 14 - The submarine "Shch-402" (commander senior lieutenant N. G. Stolbov) opened the combat account of submariners of the Northern Fleet, sinking a fascist transport, landing by a detachment of ships of the Northern Fleet consisting of an infantry regiment and a battalion of sailors on the western shore of Bolshaya Zapadnaya Bay Faces;
• August 2-15 - Creation of the White Sea military flotilla;
• August 10 - Heroic battle of the patrol ship "Tuman" (commander senior lieutenant L.A. Shestakov) with three enemy destroyers;
• August 13 - Senior Sergeant V.P. Kislyakov, the first in the Northern Fleet, was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union;
• August 21 - The first breakthrough of North Sea submariners ("M-172", commander I. I. Fisanovich) into the enemy port of Linahamari;
• August 31 - Arrival of the first allied convoy consisting of six transports in Arkhangelsk;
• September 11 - The first combat success of fleet boats - “TKA-11” (commander-lieutenant commander G.K. Svetlov) and “TKA-12” (commander lieutenant A.O. Shabalin) sank a destroyer and enemy transport in the Varangerfjord ;
• November 25 - The first ramming of an enemy submarine in the Northern Fleet by a surface ship - the patrol ship "Breeze" (commander senior lieutenant V. A. Kireev);
• January 3, 1942 - Creation of a separate division of submarine fighters;
• March 30 - Sinking of a fascist submarine by the destroyer "Gremyashchiy" under the command of Captain 3rd Rank A.I. Turin;
• April 28 - Landing by ships of the Northern Fleet on the coast of Motovsky Bay as part of the 12th separate marine brigade and a reconnaissance detachment under the overall command of Colonel V.V. Rassokhin;
• July 5 - Attack of the submarine "K-21" under the command of captain 2nd rank N.A. Lunin of the fascist battleship "Tirpitz";
• July 14 - Guard Lieutenant Colonel B.F. Safonov was posthumously awarded the second Gold Star medal of the Hero of the Soviet Union;
• July 15 - October 14 - Transition of the leader "Baku" and the destroyers "Razumny" and "Infuriated" from Vladivostok to the Kola Bay via the Northern Sea Route;
• July 31 - Creation of the Northern Defense Region (NDR);
• August 25 - Heroic feat in the Kara Sea of ​​the icebreaking steamer "A. Sibiryakov" in a battle with the fascist heavy cruiser"Admiral Scheer";
• August 27 - Battle of the coastal battery and patrol ship No. 19 (Dezhnev) near Dikson Island with the heavy cruiser Admiral Scheer;
• September 1942 - June 1943 - Transition of a detachment of submarines of the Pacific Fleet, transferred to the Northern Fleet, to the Arctic across two oceans and nine seas;
• January 1, 1943 - The sinking of the enemy transport Muansa by the L-20 submarine;
• January 8 - The sinking of a fascist transport fleet by aviation in the area of ​​​​Cape Kibernäs;
• January 14 - Fleet aviation launched a torpedo strike on an enemy convoy. The heroic feat of pilot Captain A. A. Bashtyrkov;
• January 20 - The raid of the leader "Baku" and the destroyer "Razumny" on enemy communications, their sinking of fascist transport;
• January 29 - Fleet aviation launched a torpedo strike on an enemy convoy;
• February 3-7 - Joint actions of submarines “K-3” and “K-22” on enemy communications;
• February 3-April 6 - Laying mines by MO type patrol boats in the Varangerfjord;
• February 20 - Breakthrough of the K-21 submarine into Vogen Bay;
• March 27 - Raid of a detachment of ships of the Northern Fleet on enemy communications;
• March 29 - Joint actions of submarines and naval aviation on enemy communications. Landing of troops on the coast of Malaya Volokovaya Bay. The heroic actions of the detachment under the command of Captain A. Ya. Yunevich;
• March 30 - A raid by a detachment of ships on enemy communications;
• April 25 - Fleet aviation in the Kongsfjord area sank 3 enemy ships. The heroic feat of pilot Captain V. N. Kiselev;
• May 3 - State Committee The Defense Ministry decided to transfer six submarines from the Caspian Sea to the North;
• May 18 - Assignment of the name "Leninsky Komsomol" to one of the M-type submarines, built at the expense of Komsomol members;
• June 2 - Arrival of six submarines from the Caspian Sea to Arkhangelsk;
• June 17 - The operation to withdraw icebreakers from Arkhangelsk to the Arctic begins;
• July 4 - Fleet aviation attacked an enemy convoy in the area of ​​Cape Skalnes. Sinking of enemy transport;
• July 15 - Sinking of fascist transport by torpedo planes near Laksefjord;
• July 23 and August 7 - Fleet aviation attacked the airfields of Svartnes and Luostari;
• August 9 - Inclusion in the Northern Fleet of the submarine "Novosibirsk Komsomolets", built at the expense of Komsomol members and youth of the Novosibirsk region;
• November 14 - the regional delegation solemnly handed it over to the crew;
• August 28 - The sinking of the fascist submarine "U-639" by the submarine "S-101" at Cape Zhelaniya (Novaya Zemlya);
• September 14 - North Sea aviation strikes an enemy convoy in the area of ​​Cape Kibernäs. Sinking of two tankers;
• September 21 - Sinking of an enemy transport by torpedo boat "TKA-15";
• September 27 - A joint strike by fleet aviation and the 7th Air Army of the Karelian Front on the Luostari airfield, as a result of which up to 20 enemy aircraft were destroyed;
• October 13 - Fleet aviation attacked the convoy in the area of ​​​​Cape Kibernes;
• October 22-November 18 - Operation to remove icebreakers from the Arctic (convoy "AB-55");
• October 30 - 5 minesweepers and 6 large submarine hunters arrived in Polyarnoye, having made a difficult ocean crossing from the USA;
• November 12 - Attack by a group of torpedo boats on an enemy convoy in Varangerfjord. Sinking of vehicles;
• December 6-7, 9-12 - Laying mines by MoD boats in the Varangerfjord;
• December 21 - Reconnaissance landing in the Vadso area;
• December 22 - Attack of the enemy convoy torpedo boats off the island of Lille Eckeray;
• January 15 - February 5, 1944 - The first operation of the Northern Fleet on enemy communications ("RV-1"), in which aviation, submarines, destroyers, boats and coastal artillery participated;
• February 11 - North Sea aviation strikes the battleship Tirpitz in Altenfjord;
• February 20 - March 3 - Second operation on enemy communications ("RV-2");
• March 1 - A brigade of torpedo boats of the Northern Fleet was formed;
• March 3 - Fleet aviation attacked an enemy convoy near the island of Lille Eckerey;
• March 6-7 - Landing of reconnaissance groups at Cape Pikshuev;
• March 8 - Reconnaissance landing in Malaya Volokovaya Bay;
• April 1 - A brigade of submarine hunters was created in the fleet;
• April 7 - Air strike on an enemy convoy in the Bekfjord area;
• April 9 - Attack by a group of torpedo boats on a fascist convoy near the island of Storscher;
• April 10-30 - Third operation on enemy communications ("RV-3");
• April 23 - Fleet aviation strikes an enemy convoy in the Varanger Fjord. The heroic feat of the pilot Captain I. B. Katunin;
• May 11 - Successive air strikes on an enemy convoy in Bekfjord;
• May 13-14 - Fleet aviation strikes on an enemy convoy in the Kirkenes area;
• May 16-31 - The first operation of a group of submarines on enemy communications;
• June 10-17 - Second operation of a group of submarines on enemy communications;
• June 22 - A monument to submarine heroes who died in battles for their homeland was unveiled in Polyarny;
• June 27-28 - Massive attacks by fleet aviation on the port of Kirkenes and on the enemy convoy on the approaches to Pechenga Bay;
• July 9-28 - Operation of a group of submarines on enemy communications in cooperation with reconnaissance aircraft;
• July 15 - Attacks by submarines and torpedo boats on the convoy;
• July 25 - August 6 - Transfer from England of four submarines received as reparations from Italy;
• July 28 - Fleet aviation attack on Kirkenes;
• August 16-31 - Operation of a group of submarines on enemy communications in cooperation with reconnaissance aircraft;
• August 47-24 - Transition from England with the next convoy of the battleship "Arkhangelsk" and 9 destroyers received as reparations from Italy;
• August 17 - Fleet aviation attack on Kirkenes;
• August 19 - Massive attack by four groups of torpedo boats on an enemy convoy in the area of ​​​​Cape Kiebergnes;
• September 5 - The sinking of the fascist submarine "U-344" by the minesweeper "T-116" near the island of Mona (Kara Sea);
• September 19 - Finland leaves the war;
• September 23 - Heroic feat of the crew of the minesweeper "T-120" and its commander, Lieutenant Commander D. A. Lysov;
• September 25 - Joint attack by torpedo boats and fleet aviation on an enemy convoy in the Varanger Fjord;
• October 7 - November 1 - Petsamo-Kirkenes operation;
• October 7 - Beginning of the offensive of the 14th Army of the Karelian Front;
• October 9-10 - Landing of the 63rd Marine Brigade on the coast of Malaya Volokovaya Bay. The beginning of the offensive of units of the Northern Defense Region on the isthmus of the Sredny Peninsula;
• October 11-12 - Attacks on enemy convoys in Bekfjord and in the Langsfjord area;
• October 9-12 - Raid of the combined reconnaissance detachment to Cape Krestovy and the capture of the fascist batteries located on it;
• October 12-13 - Landing at the port of Linahamari;
• October 15 - Liberation of Pechenga;
• October 16 - Fleet aviation strikes an enemy convoy. The heroic feat of the commander of the 9th Guards Mine and Torpedo Regiment, Lieutenant Colonel B.P. Syromyatnikov;
• October 18 - Landing in the area of ​​Suolovuono and Aresvuono;
• October 21 - Attack of an enemy convoy by torpedo boats;
• October 23 - Landing in Kobbholmfjord;
• October 25 - Landing in Holmengrfjord, Liberation of the Norwegian city and port of Kirkenes;
• October 26 - A raid by a detachment of destroyers on enemy communications. Artillery bombardment of the port of Vardø;
• November 1 - Troops of the Karelian Front completed the liberation of the Pechenga region;
• November 23 - Arrival of convoy "AB-15" in Arkhangelsk. The operation to remove icebreakers from the Arctic has ended;
• December 5 - Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on the establishment of the medal "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic";
• December 9 - Search for enemy submarines by a detachment of ships consisting of the leader "Baku" and five destroyers. Sinking of the fascist submarine "U-387";
• January 3–5, 1945 - Transition of convoy “BK-41” from the White Sea to the Kola Bay. January 16 - Transition of convoy “KB-1”;
• April 15 - Disbandment of the White Sea Flotilla and creation of the White Sea defensive region;
• April 22 - Transition of convoy "PK-9". The sinking of the enemy submarine U-286 by the destroyer Karl Liebknecht;
• May 9 - Solemn meeting in Polyarny in honor of the Victory over Nazi Germany;
• May 13 - Parade of ships of the Northern Fleet on the occasion of the victorious end of the war;
• June 3 - Transition of the fleet to a peacetime position. Abolition of the inland convoy system in the Barents Sea;
• June 24 - Participation of the battalion of North German heroes in the Victory Parade in Moscow. April 50s;
• 1946 - Expedition of the icebreaker "North Pole" to study the high-latitude version of the Northern Sea Route;
• October 16, 1946 - Opening of the Northern Fleet Museum;
• March 20, 1947 - Renaming of the Northern Fleet newspaper “Krasnoflotets” to “On Guard of the Arctic”. On August 1, 1947, it switched to a large format;
• October 15 - The Moscow Komsomol decided to patronize the Northern Fleet;
• 1948 - Expedition of the ice cutter "F. Litke" with the aim of further studying the high-latitude version of the Northern Sea Route;
• February 1948 - First post-war party conference of the Northern Fleet. April - First post-war Komsomol conference of the Northern Fleet;
• 50s - Beginning of re-equipment of the fleet with missile and nuclear weapon and transition to nuclear energy;
• April 18 - The main fleet base, the village of Vaenga, was renamed the city of Severomorsk of regional subordination by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR;
• May 1953 - Cruiser "Alexander Nevsky" sails to participate in the celebration;
• 1955 - Expedition of the ice cutter "F. Litke" to unexplored areas of the Arctic. First launches of ballistic missiles from Soviet submarines;
• September 22, 1955 - Opening of a monument to naval boatmen who died heroically in the fight against the Nazi invaders;
• 1956 - A detachment of ships of the Northern Fleet went on a friendship visit to the Swedish port of Gothenburg and the capital of Norway, Oslo;
• November - By order of the commander of the Northern Fleet, the anti-submarine ship (guard commander, senior lieutenant A. Popov-Lukin) was declared excellent. This is the first excellent ship in the fleet;
• May 31, 1957 - The submarine, commanded by Captain 3rd Rank R.D. Erlich, became the first excellent ship in the fleet’s submarine forces;
• 1958 - Beginning scientific activity research submarine "Severyanka";
• January 30, 1959 - The challengeable Red Banner of the Military Council of the Northern Fleet was established;
• August - September - Friendly visit of a detachment of fleet ships to the Swedish port of Gothenburg and the Norwegian capital of Oslo;
• October 9 - Appeal by the crew of the cruiser "October Revolution" to all North Sea residents with a call to start a competition in honor of the 21st Congress of the CPSU;
• December - Deployment in the navy of the movement for the title of shock workers and communist labor brigades;
• January 1959 - Komsomol members of the fleet began collecting scrap metal for the construction of the Severomorets tractor column.
• During 1959–1960, two Severomorets tractor columns were built from scrap metal collected in the fleet and handed over to workers Agriculture Moscow region;
• January 26 - The crew of the cruiser "October Revolution" fulfilled its obligation and was declared excellent at the opening of the 21st Party Congress;
• January 28 - The primary party organization of the Northern Fleet air regiment received an application from Komsomol member Yu. A. Gagarin, the future first cosmonaut of the planet, with a request to accept him as a candidate member of the CPSU;
• April 1 - The Book of Honor of the Northern Fleet was established;
• July - Awarding the title of Hero of the Soviet Union to the first commander of the first domestic nuclear submarine, Captain 1st Rank L. G. Osipenko;
• December - Commissioning of the flagship of the icebreaker fleet nuclear icebreaker"Lenin", which opened a new stage in the development of the Arctic and navigation along the Northern Sea Route;
• April 24, 1960 - On the initiative of Komsomol members, the movement of soldiers and workers of Severomorsk and others began settlements for garrisons of high naval culture, exemplary order and discipline;
• August 10, 1961 - The twentieth anniversary of the heroic feat of the patrol ship "Fog". Naming his glorious name to one of the fleet's new patrolmen;
• 1962 - Arctic voyage of a nuclear submarine under the command of captain 3rd rank V.N. Chernavin;
• July - The voyage of the nuclear submarine "Leninsky Komsomol" to the North Pole;
• July 20 - Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on rewarding the crew of the submarine "Leninsky Komsomol" and on awarding the title of Hero of the Soviet Union to Rear Admiral A. I. Petelin, Captain 2nd Rank L. M. Zhiltsov and Engineer-Captain 2nd Rank R. A. Timofeev ;
• April 28, 1963 - Visit by the Prime Minister of the Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Cuba Fidel Castro Rus to the ships of the Northern Fleet;
• September - Under-ice navigation and surfacing at the geographic point of the North Pole of a nuclear submarine under the command of Captain 2nd Rank Yu. A. Sysoev. Arctic voyage of a nuclear submarine under the command of Captain 1st Rank A.P. Mikhailovsky;
• February - July 20, 1964 - Awarding the title of Hero of the Soviet Union to A.P. Mikhailovsky and Yu.A. Sysoev. The crew of the nuclear submarine "Leninsky Komsomol" has published an appeal to all army and naval youth with a call to begin the relay of military glory in honor of the 20th anniversary of the Victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War;
• October - Friendly visit of a detachment of ships of the Northern Fleet to the Norwegian port of Trondheim;
• May 7, 1965 - Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on awarding the Northern Fleet the Order of the Red Banner;
• July 24 - Presentation of the Order of the Red Banner to the Northern Fleet;
• December 10 - Visit of the world's first cosmonaut Yu.A. Gagarin of the Red Banner Northern Fleet;
• February - March 1966 - Circumnavigation of a detachment of nuclear submarines under the command of Rear Admiral A.I. Sorokin;
• May 31 - June 3, 1967 - Visit to the Red Banner Northern Fleet by the General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee L. I. Brezhnev and member of the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR A. N. Kosygin;
• July 1968 - Participation of the Red Banner Northern Fleet in the North exercises;
• 1970 - Appeal by the crew of the nuclear submarine "Leninets" to the soldiers of the Navy with an appeal to launch socialist competition in honor of the XXIV Congress of the CPSU;
• April - May - Participation of the Red Banner Northern Fleet in the Ocean maneuvers. May - A detachment of North Sea ships made a friendship visit to Cuba;
• 1971 - Visit anti-submarine ship"Thundering" and the destroyer "Zhzhuchiy" in Oslo and Rotterdam;
• April 1972 - The missile submarine (commanded by Captain 1st Rank S.E. Sobolevsky) was the first in the USSR Armed Forces to be awarded the Pennant of the Minister of Defense for courage and military valor;
• December 12 - An appeal by the crew of the nuclear submarine “50 Years of the USSR” to the soldiers of the Armed Forces was published with a call to launch socialist competition for excellent knowledge and maintenance of weapons and equipment, mastery of them;
• June 1973 - Celebration of the 40th anniversary of the Red Banner Northern Fleet;
• November 12–17, 1974 - Visit of a detachment of naval ships to Oslo in connection with the 30th anniversary of the beginning of the liberation of Norway from the fascist invaders;
• January 26, 1975 - A letter from the General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee L.I. Brezhnev to the crew of the excellent nuclear submarine KSF was published.
• May - Visit of a detachment of North Sea ships to the American port of Boston;
• November 1976 - The crew of an excellent nuclear submarine, where the deputy commander for political affairs was captain 2nd rank A.V. Chestikin, appealed to the North Sea residents with a call to widely develop socialist competition for *implementing the decisions of the 25th Congress of the CPSU;
• October 12–20, 1977 - Visit of a detachment of fleet ships to Oslo;
• May 18–21, 1978 - Visit of a detachment of fleet ships to the French port of Bordeaux;
• November - The crew of the nuclear missile submarine "60 Years of the Great October Revolution" initiated socialist competition in Navy under the motto “vigilantly guard the gains of socialism, increase combat readiness and the level of military skill in every possible way”;
• May 15, 1980 - In a critical situation, the military builder of the Komsgruporg unit, Bolatkhan Urazov, saved his comrades by sacrificing his life. For his accomplished feat, he was posthumously awarded the badge of the Central Committee of the Komsomol "Military Valor";
• July - On the initiative of the Komsomol organization of the nuclear submarine "Leninets", Severomorsk soldiers took up a Komsomol strike watch under the motto "For the Motherland, the party - shock military work, for the XXVI Congress of the CPSU - a worthy meeting";
• September - Komsomol members Alexander Lisitsa and Albert Shaikhutdinov were awarded the Order of the Red Star for courage and bravery shown in the performance of military duty. The Central Committee of the Komsomol noted their feat with the sign “Military Valor”;
• November 26 - The crew of the nuclear missile submarine KSF, commanded by Captain 1st Rank G. A. Nikitin, initiated socialist competition in the Navy in honor of the XXVI Congress of the CPSU;
• December - XX Fleet Party Conference;
• February 23, 1981 - Report of fleet personnel to the XXVI Congress of the CPSU on the fulfillment of high socialist obligations;
• May 15-18 - The delegation of the Komsomol Central Committee, headed by the first secretary of the Komsomol Central Committee B. N. Pastukhov, visited ships and fleet units. B. N. Pastukhov presented the challenge Red Banner of the Komsomol Central Committee to the Komsomol organization of the submarine formation, where Lieutenant Commander V. I. Telin was the assistant head of the political department for Komsomol work, for success in the communist education of youth;
• October - The Song and Dance Ensemble of the Red Banner Northern Fleet was awarded the Lenin Komsomol Prize;
• November - The Komsomol organization of the excellent submarine "Yaroslavsky Komsomolets" issued a call to take part in the Komsomol youth strike watch in honor of the 19th Congress of the Komsomol. In the Komsomol organizations of the fleet, a competition began for the right to sign a report to the 19th Congress of the Komsomol. The crew of a nuclear missile submarine (commander captain 1st rank V.A. Zhuravlev) initiated the socialist competition of Soviet military sailors for a worthy celebration of the 60th anniversary of the founding of the USSR;
• February 1982 - XVIII Komsomol Fleet Conference;
• June - The Komsomol active fleet at its meeting, which discussed the results of the 19th Congress of the Komsomol and the tasks of Komsomol organizations of ships and units, decided to carry the naval flag of the famous Red Banner submarine “K-21” across the seas and oceans as a relay race;
• July 28 - October 1 - 50th anniversary of the first through voyage from Arkhangelsk along the Northern Sea Route in one navigation of the icebreaker steamship "A. Sibiryakov";
• December 2-10 - Official friendly visit of a detachment of fleet ships to the Cuban ports of Havana and Cienfuegos;
• December - Report of Severomorsk residents on the successful fulfillment of high socialist obligations adopted in honor of the 60th anniversary of the formation of the USSR;
• 1983 - Based on the results of 1982, the Red Banner Northern Fleet was declared the forefront of the Navy;
• March 11-12 - Stay of a member of the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee, Minister of Defense of the USSR Marshal of the Soviet Union D. F. Ustinov at the Red Banner Northern Fleet.

Organizational composition

Northern Fleet Headquarters

Military unit 62720. 184600, Murmansk region, Severomorsk

Coastal troops of the Northern Fleet

• 536 OBRBr (Separate coastal missile brigade) (formerly 89 RP) military unit 10544 Snezhnogorsk - Olenya Guba.
• 61st separate Kirkenes Red Banner Marine Regiment (formerly 61st Brigade Marine Corps) military unit 38643 184411, village. Sputnik, Kola Peninsula:

1. Directorate (headquarters)
2. 2 marine battalions (on BTR-80)
3. Airborne assault battalion (“fighters of three elements”, sailors operating on land, at sea and in the air)
4. 2 artillery divisions (Gvozdika, Nona)
5. Reconnaissance battalion (MTLB, BTR-80)
6. Signal Battalion
7. Logistics Support Battalion
8. Anti-aircraft artillery division (armed with Shilka air defense missile systems)
9. Engineer company
10. Division of NBC Protection (radiation, chemical and biological protection), composition of the 2nd department: NBC reconnaissance and CO (Special Processing). (equipment: BRDM-rkh and BRDM-rkhb)

Total: 1270 personnel, in service: 74 units. T-80; 59 units BTR-80; 12 units 2S1 “Gvozdika”, 22 units. 2S9 “Nona”, 11 units. 2S23; 134 units MT-LBT; 3 units BMP-1KSh, 4 units. PRP-3, 3 units. PRP-4, 10 units. PU-12, 2 units. R-145BM, 15 units. 1B119, 3 units. 1B18, 1 unit. 1B19, 1 unit. BTR-PUM, 1 unit. ZS-88 (BTR-80). Participation in hostilities: the 876th battalion took part in hostilities in Chechnya. 01/1995 battles for Grozny, capture of the sniper school. Losses: 26 dead, including 11 sergeants, 2 officers. During the third campaign, D. Dudayev's palace was captured. 02.1995 - as part of the group "North". 10.1999 - as part of the group "Vostok". Losses in military operations in Chechnya: 27 dead.

• 420th Special Purpose Marine Reconnaissance Point, military unit 40145 (Polyarny village, Murmansk district):

1. control
2. three companies of reconnaissance divers
3. underwater mining company
4. small carrier company
5. workshops,
6. diving and PDS support units

• 160th OOB PDSS (Vidyaevo):
• 269th OOB PDSS (Gadzhievo):
• 313 OOB PDSS (Sputnik village, Kola Peninsula):
• 536th separate coastal missile and artillery brigade (Snezhnogorsk, Olenya Bay);
• 180th separate naval engineering battalion (Severomorsk);
• 516th communications center of military unit 40630 (Severomorsk);
• Mobile communication center (Polar);
• 215th Electronic Warfare Regiment (Severomorsk);
• 200th separate Pechenga motorized rifle brigade (Pechenga settlement).
• At the beginning of 2014, an unmanned aerial vehicle division was created aircraft coastal troops of the Northern Fleet on the basis of a separate motorized rifle brigade of coastal troops of the Northern Fleet. The unit is armed with the Granat, Zastava and Orlan UAVs. These UAVs are primarily intended for conducting aerial reconnaissance both during the day and at night at a distance of 10 to 150 km, depending on the modification and technical capabilities, as well as for adjusting the fire of artillery units.

Naval aviation of the Northern Fleet

• 279 Separate naval fighter aviation regiment, military unit 26808. Based - Severomorsk-3

Composition: 2 Su-33 squadrons ( tail numbers aircraft 1: 60, 61, 62, 64, 66, 67, 68, 71, 72, 76; 2: 77, 78, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88), 1 squadron of Su-25UTG (4 aircraft).

• 7050 air base (formerly 403 separate air regiment) military unit 49324. Based - Severomorsk-1.

Consisting of: aircraft 2 An-12 (2 pcs.), An-24/An-26 (4 pcs.), Il-18 (2 pcs.), Il-38 (8 pcs.). Helicopters: 34 KA-27/29/32 (34 pcs.), Mi-8 (2 pcs.).

• 2nd air group (AvGr) 7050 air base (formerly 76 Separate anti-submarine air regiment) military unit 49324-2. Based in Kipelovo-Fedotovo.

Includes: Tu-142 anti-submarine aircraft (12 pcs.)

• 3rd air group (AvGr) 7050 air base (formerly 7055 air base) military unit 49324-3. Based in Ostafyevo.

Composed of: aircraft An-24/An-26 (7 pcs.), An-72 (8 pcs.), An-12 (? pcs.), An-140-100 (1 pc.)

Submarine forces of the Northern Fleet

• Submarine Forces Command (KPS) (Zaozersk)
• 18th Submarine Division (DPL) Based - bay. Nerpichya, Western Litsa.

Composed of: 830 TK-17 Arkhangelsk, TK-20 Severstal, 834 TK 208 Dmitry Donskoy

• 11th Submarine Division (DPL) Based in B. Lopatka, Zapadnaya Litsa.

Consists of: B-388 Petrozavodsk, B-138 Obninsk, K-560 Severodvinsk, K-119 Voronezh, K-266 Orel, K-410 Smolensk

• 160th special forces detachment for combating underwater saboteurs (OSpN PDSS). Military unit 09619. Based - B. Lopatka, Zapadnaya Litsa.

Ship composition of the Northern Fleet

In total, the SF includes:

Submarines: 45

• 10 nuclear ballistic missile submarines,
• 4 nuclear submarines with cruise missiles,
• 14 multipurpose nuclear submarines,
• 9 special purpose nuclear submarines,
• 1 diesel special purpose submarine,
• 7 diesel submarines

Surface ships: 38

• 1 heavy aircraft-carrying cruiser,
• 2 heavy nuclear missile cruisers,
• 1 missile cruiser,
• 5 large anti-submarine ships,
• 1 destroyer,
• 2 small rocket ships,
• 1 artillery boat,
• 6 small anti-submarine ships,
• 4 sea minesweepers,
• 6 basic minesweepers,
• 1 raid minesweeper,
• 4 large landing ships,
• 4 landing craft

Commanders

Commanders of the Northern Military Flotilla

1. Z. A. Zakupnev (05/29/1933 - 03/13/1935)
2. K. I. Dushenov (03/13/1935 - 05/11/1937)

Commanders of the Northern Fleet

1. K.I. Dushenov (05/11/1937 - 05/28/1938) - 1st rank flagship.
2. V. P. Drozd (05/28/1938 - 07/26/1940) - vice admiral.
3. A. G. Golovko (07/26/1940 - 08/04/1946) - admiral.
4. V. I. Platonov (08/04/1946 - 04/23/1952) - admiral.
5. A. T. Chabanenko (04/23/1952 - 02/28/1962) - admiral.
6. V. A. Kasatonov (02/28/1962 - 06/2/1964) - admiral.
7. S. M. Lobov (06/2/1964 - 05/3/1972) - admiral of the fleet.
8. G. M. Egorov (05/3/1972 - 07/1/1977) - admiral of the fleet.
9. V. A. Chernavin (07/1/1977 - 12/16/1981) - admiral of the fleet.
10. A.P. Mikhailovsky (12/16/1981 - 02/25/1985) - admiral.
11. I. M. Kapitanets (02/25/1985 - 03/19/1988) - admiral.
12. F. N. Gromov (03/19/1988 - 03/14/1992) - admiral.
13. O. A. Erofeev (03/14/1992 - 01/29/1999) - admiral.
14. V. A. Popov (01/29/1999 - 12/1/2001) - admiral.
15. G. A. Suchkov (12/5/2001 - suspended 09/11/2003, dismissed 05/29/2004) - admiral.
16. S. V. Simonenko (acting from 09/11/2003 to 05/29/2004) - vice admiral
17. M. L. Abramov (05/29/2004 - 09/04/2005) - admiral.
18. V. S. Vysotsky (09/26/2005 - 09/12/2007) - admiral.
19. N. M. Maksimov (resident from 09/12/2007, commander from 11/20/2007 to 03/30/2011) - admiral
20. A. O. Volozhinsky (vred; 03/30/2011 - 06/24/2011) - rear admiral
21. V. I. Korolev (from June 24, 2011) - admiral (until February 21, 2013 - vice admiral)

The Russian Federation is washed by 15 seas, 7 of which belong to the Arctic Ocean. Their open spaces are guarded by the Northern Fleet of the Russian Navy. In order to honor the personnel of the units, to attract public attention to the problems of employees, veterans and their families, a professional holiday was established.

Who celebrates

The events are attended by personnel of the Northern Fleet, support personnel from home bases, military-patriotic organizations, public figures, Ministry of Defense officials.

History and traditions of the holiday

The event was established by the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy F. Gromov by Order No. 253 of July 15, 1996 “On the introduction of annual holidays and professional days in the specialty.” The date chosen has a symbolic meaning. It is dedicated to the day of the creation of the Northern Military Flotilla on June 1, 1933.

Festive events received wide support and distribution throughout the Russian Federation. On this day, employees of the Northern Fleet are honored. People who have made significant contributions to the maritime sector are honored. Memorials are opening memorial plaques. People lay flowers and wreaths at the monuments to sailors. Politicians propose measures to develop the defense industry. Public organizations carry out promotions. Charitable foundations raise funds to help military families. Thematic feature films and documentaries are broadcast on television and radio stations.

About the profession

Employees of the Northern Fleet of the Russian Navy ensure the safety of navigation, protect the economic zone, suppress illegal production activities, and maintain naval strategic nuclear forces in constant readiness. The activity is classified as dangerous. Seafarers can continuously stay on ships for several months.

The Northern Fleet is based on torpedo and nuclear missile submarines, missile-carrying and anti-submarine aircraft, and anti-submarine ships.

On June 13, 1996, F. Gromov, who was then the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, received the high rank of Admiral of the Fleet. Two more people in the Russian Federation have this title.

"Peter the Great" is the flagship of the Northern Fleet of the Russian Navy. The vessel belongs to the class of heavy nuclear missile cruisers. Its purpose is to destroy aircraft carrier groups. The cruiser's crew is 1000 people.

Russia's Northern Fleet is considered the youngest: its age is only about 80 years. But attempts to create it have been made repeatedly. 300 years ago, by order of Peter I, a shipyard was built in the North, and a year later ships appeared to guard merchant ships. Only half a century later, permanent formations of warships appeared in the North.

History of creation

It was in Arkhangelsk that the first northern shipyard appeared. The corresponding order of Tsar Peter I was issued in 1693, and a year later the frigate "St. Paul" and the yacht "St. Peter", together with the purchased ship "Holy Prophecy", protected merchant caravans during the passage to the Baltic.

Russian harbors and the coastal strip were periodically subjected to plunder by the Swedes, so in 1740 a squadron of guard ships was formed. They guarded the water area from the Kara to the Norwegian Sea.

Much water has passed under the bridge since those years, ships, crews and times have changed; the first full-fledged northern flotilla was formed only in 1933. The People's Commissar of Defense of that time signed a decree on the direction of ships Baltic Fleet to the Kola Bay for service with a permanent base in the city of Murmansk. The commander of the Northern Flotilla was the flagship of the 1st rank Zakhar Aleksandrovich Zakupnev. The flotilla included two destroyer, two patrol ships and two submarines.

To maintain the fleet, a permanent base in the North was required, and in 1933 construction began in Polyarny. Weather conditions were not favorable construction process, but that didn’t stop people. Two years later, the base was ready, and 21 salvos were fired from the destroyer Karl Liebknecht in honor of the transition of the Northern Fleet ships to permanent place basing.

Merits of the Northern Fleet

The ships in the north had many tasks. In addition to protecting the coasts and escorting merchant ships, it was necessary to explore the northern lands and waters. The government of the Soviet Union invariably noted such achievements as the passage of submarines to the island of Novaya Zemlya for the first time in winter time or crossing the extremely narrow and shallow Matochkin Shar Strait between the islands of Novaya Zemlya. Two destroyers were the first to sail along the northern sea route, opening a waterway to Far East. Knowledge of one's own waters and lands increased the capabilities of naval formations and overall defense capability.

Various exercises were carried out periodically. The inhospitable North, with its climate and unpredictable sea, could not prevent the construction of military repair bases, airfields for aviation, coastal defense structures and workers' settlements and cities for workers and the military. In the spring of 1937, the People's Commissar ordered the reorganization of the flotilla into the Northern Sea Fleet.

Thanks to all this, it became possible to explore the North with less risk, and since 1937, polar scientists began to actively operate at the North Pole. Fleet aviation actively helped them in this. The pilots learned how to land planes on ice, fly in conditions of limited visibility and low temperatures; in case of emergency, the Northern Fleet came into action; icebreakers and submarines were sent to the scientists, which ultimately saved human lives more than once.

In those days there were no nuclear submarines, but diesel submarines were already setting records. The D-1 submarine covered a distance of 11 thousand miles in 1938; it took her 120 days to do so. Two years later, the submarine Shch-423 crossed the Northern Sea Route and passed from the base in Polyarny to Vladivostok.

Northern Fleet in war conditions

The war with Finland began. The Northern Fleet took an active part in the hostilities. The ports of Petsamo and Liinahamari were captured to isolate Finland from the help of its allies.

These were difficult times for the entire Soviet people, because on June 22, 1941, the Great Patriotic War began. The Russian Northern Fleet heroically fought and defended the borders of its country. There were constant battles with ships and submarines, ports and foreign ships with cargo were guarded. At any time of the day and in any weather, the Severomorsk soldiers were on guard.

The war gave a strong impetus to the development of weapons. New destroyers, submarines, and cruisers began to arrive. In 1955, an experimental launch was made in the White Sea ballistic missile from a submarine, and the very next year the Northern Fleet had such a submarine - “B-67”.

Modern fleet

Nowadays the fleet is unrecognizable. The ships of the Northern Fleet amaze with their power, speed and maneuverability. Old ships that saw the dawn of the Soviet Union are still in service, but alongside them there are nuclear, missile and torpedo submarines, missile ships, aircraft carriers, landing ships of various sizes, as well as naval aviation.

Marine Corps of the Northern Fleet

Any fleet includes marines for action on the shore, capturing naval bases and storming enemy ships. On May 5, 1943, the beginning of the Marine Corps of the Northern Fleet was laid when, on the basis of the Marine Rifle Brigade, the 61st Rifle Regiment was created, which later became the 61st separate Kirkenes Red Banner Marine Regiment.

Until now, the regiment has mastered the art of parachute jumping in the Airborne Division in Pskov, repeatedly participated in parades in Moscow, honed the skill of landing ashore from landing ships, and participated in strategic exercises at sea and on land. In 1997, the 876th Marine Brigade received the prize of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy for excellent combat training, and in December next year it becomes part of permanent combat readiness.

At the Zapad-99 exercises, the brigade was recognized as the best in tactics and fire training, and was awarded the prize of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy; not only the Northern Fleet participated in the exercises. Murmansk also presented the brigade with the Governor's Challenge Cup Murmansk region, recognizing it as the “Best coastal unit of the Northern Fleet.”

The fighting in Chechnya and Dagestan did not escape the Marines. In the period from September 1999 to June 2000, the tactical group took part in the liquidation of bandit groups. For nine months, the Marines showed their training in hot battles, made landings on heights, set up ambushes and, in addition to awards and respect, earned the highest ratings from the command.

Last year, Marine training focused on operations in the Arctic zone. They continue to practice parachute jumps, shoot artillery and small arms, in general, the Marines of the Northern Fleet maintain and improve their combat training.

Armament of the Marine Corps of the Northern Fleet

The Marine Corps uses a standard set of weapons and equipment for this type of troops. There is a sufficient fleet of amphibious BTR-80 and MTLB tractors, self-propelled mortars "Gvozdika" and "Nona" and even T-80 tanks. From portable and small arms they are armed with mortars, ATGMs, MANPADS, AK-74 assault rifles and its modifications, various types of machine guns, sniper rifles, grenades, grenade launchers, as well as general communications equipment and electronic warfare equipment.

Strategic importance

The Russian Northern Fleet is of great importance for the country. Warships are the guarantor of the security of the North. Severomorsk residents protect the economic and political interests of their state, ensure the safety of navigation and trade, and protect civilian ships from pirates. Maintaining the Northern Fleet and its nuclear potential in readiness helps deter claims from potential adversaries.

Russia – Northern Fleet Day. At the same time, in terms of combat potential and equipment, the “young” Northern Fleet is capable of giving odds to any other naval formation.

It is no coincidence that Northern Fleet Day is celebrated on June 1st. It was on this day in 1933 that the Northern Naval Flotilla was formed. In the Russian Federation, the date of celebration of Northern Fleet Day was designated by order No. 253 of 1996 of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy. The mentioned Northern Naval Flotilla was formed on the basis of a special circular from the Chief of Staff of the Red Army, Alexander Egorov.

Less than 4 years later, namely on May 11, 1937, the Northern Naval Flotilla received a new name - the Northern Fleet, and today the main tasks set by the command for the personnel of the Northern Fleet of the Russian Federation are:

maintaining naval strategic nuclear forces in constant readiness in the interests of nuclear deterrence;
protection of the economic zone and areas production activities, suppression of illegal production activities;
ensuring navigation safety;
carrying out foreign policy actions of the government in economically important areas of the World Ocean (visits, business visits, joint exercises, actions as part of peacekeeping forces, etc.)

The appearance of a circular from the Red Army Headquarters on the creation of a naval flotilla in the northern direction, of course, cannot be called the starting point for the emergence of domestic naval military power on the northern sea frontiers. Since pre-Petrine times, the importance of the northern direction has been assessed. During the reign of Peter I, the first serious naval victories came in this direction. Thus, in the summer of 1701, at the walls of the Novodvinsk fortress, a victory was won over the naval forces of Sweden, with which Russia was at war (the Northern War). Historiography suggests that this is also Russia’s first naval victory in the Northern War itself. This victory made it possible to prevent the Swedes from capturing Arkhangelsk, a strategic port in the region at that time.

The Northern Sea Route is also the well-known flotilla of the Arctic Ocean, which began to take shape in the Russian Empire in the pre-revolutionary year 1916. The main bases of the flotilla were Yokangsky Pogost (today – ZATO Ostrovnoy with one of the bases of the Northern Fleet of the Russian Federation based in Gremikha) and Murmansk.

Gremikha (photo from 2013):

A year later, the flotilla included about nine dozen ships and auxiliary vessels. From the historical notes of N. Zalessky “The Arctic Ocean Flotilla in the Civil War” and the military-historical publication by A. Taras “Ships of the Russian Imperial Navy” on the military-technical equipment of the flotilla for October-November 1917:

1 battleship (“Chesma”),
2 cruisers (“Askold” and “Varyag”),
6 destroyers (destroyers) (two types of "Mechanical Engineer Zverev" - "Captain Yurasovsky" and "Lieutenant Sergeev", two types of "Whale" - "Silent" and "Fearless" and two types of "Trout" - "Vlastny" and " Grozovoy"),
1 submarine (“St. George”),
1 minelayer (“Ussuri”),
18 messenger ships,
43 minesweepers,
4 hydrographic vessels,
3 vehicles,
8 port ships,
2 icebreakers (“Svyatogor” and “Mikula Selyaninovich”).

The further fate of the Arctic Ocean flotilla in connection with the Civil War that broke out in 1918 looks very tragic. Already at the first stage of the war, most of the ships were transferred to the “allies” of the Entente, who carried out the invasion of Russia. Although the term “were transferred,” to put it mildly, does not quite accurately explain the essence of what happened. According to documents, the ships were removed from bases “for repairs” (mainly by the British and French), but in reality, most of the ships were simply captured, their Russian crews were completely disbanded. Britain has especially tried in this regard...

After the signing of the document on the creation of the Northern Fleet (Northern Sea Flotilla), the Soviet Union began the large-scale formation of a truly strike naval force in the northern direction. In fact, the Federation Council, still going through the next stage of formation, faced a severe test, which became a test for the entire Fatherland. We are, of course, talking about the Great Patriotic War. A remarkable fact is that the Northern Fleet increased its military-technical potential during the years of the great war. Data on the composition of the fleet by June 22, 1941:

submarines – 15;
patrol ships – 7;
destroyers - 8;
aircraft - 116.

By 1945 the fleet consisted of:

submarines - 42;
destroyers - 17;
patrol ships - 51;
minesweepers - 43;
anti-submarine ships - 45;
battleship – 1 (“Arkhangelsk”);
cruiser – 1 (“Murmansk”);
aircraft – 718.

Many warships and aircraft ended up as part of the Northern Fleet after the division of the Italian fleet and under the Lend-Lease program. Thus, military assistance, provided to the Soviet Union during the Great Patriotic War, became a kind of technical “compensation” for what was exported from Russia abroad in 1918-1919. The compensation was significant, but it cannot be called gratuitous...

During the Second World War, the Northern Fleet was noted not only for the fact that it significantly increased in military-technical potential, but also for the fact that it suffered the least losses among all the Soviet fleets that fought. This indicates the success of the command, which in September 1941 was assumed by then Rear Admiral Arseny Golovko, a native of the village of Prokhladnaya (Kabardino-Balkaria), which belongs to the Terek Cossack army.

Arseny Grigorievich ended up in the navy in 1925. An interesting episode of his biography is that he wanted to get an agricultural education, but just a few months after starting his studies at the Timiryazev Agricultural Academy in Moscow, he was drafted into the navy as part of a popular practice at that time - Komsomol recruitment. This moment in his biography became a turning point and fateful for Arseny Golovko - in 1928 he graduated from the Frunze Naval School, in 1938 he became a graduate of the Naval Academy. In 1936, Golovko volunteered to go to Spain. And during the war years, it was under his command that the Northern Fleet achieved brilliant victories.

According to the archives of the Navy, during the Great Patriotic War, irretrievable losses of Northern Fleet personnel amounted to 10,905 people. At the same time, the fleet inflicted colossal damage on the enemy - about 53 thousand irretrievable losses of enemy personnel. The Northern Fleet of the USSR destroyed more than two hundred warships and auxiliary vessels, more than 1.2 thousand enemy aircraft and about four hundred transports of Nazi Germany and its allies.

One of the most striking feats of the North Sea sailors during the Second World War was the heroic defense of the Rybachy Peninsula, which lasted for 1273 days.

During the Great Patriotic War, 85 representatives of the Northern Fleet personnel received the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, three of them became twice Heroes: Alexander Shabalin (later Rear Admiral), Viktor Leonov (fleet reconnaissance detachment commander) and Boris Safonov (Northern Fleet pilot who shot down two dozen aircraft enemy). A village in the Murmansk region bears the name of Boris Safonov.

Today, the Northern Fleet is the steel fist of Russia, which can deal a crushing blow to any enemy if it encroaches on Russian borders. The Northern Fleet's naval personnel are being replenished with new units of equipment as part of the rearmament of the army and navy, and this fact cannot but rejoice.

"Military Review" congratulates the personnel and veterans of the Northern Fleet on the holiday! The motto remains valid as always: The Northern Fleet will not let you down!