Today there are two types of Internet connections. The first type is a wired connection, using a cable called twisted pair. The second type is a Wi-Fi connection, which provides an Internet connection using radio waves. Wi-Fi connection has become widespread nowadays. However, wired Internet has a number of advantages that are relevant in large organizations and offices. At home, it also makes sense to make a wired connection to at least one computer. For a stable Internet connection and efficient work you need to correctly configure its connection parameters.

Benefits of a wired Internet connection

Over the past 15 years, the Internet has rapidly penetrated into all areas of our lives. It is necessary in banking sector, trade, production, and is also indispensable for the exchange of information and personal communication. The most common ways to connect to global network today are wired connection and Wi-Fi connection.

For wired connection, apply optical cable or twisted pair. The first type of cable has a significant advantage, as it provides information transmission speeds of up to 1 GB per second. Over twisted pair cable the maximum speed reaches 100 MB per second.

The speed of information transmission through the cable depends on its type and on network card, which receives the signal. This affects the operation of desktop computers, game consoles, TVs and other devices united into one network. Streaming information does not require constant exchange between devices, which significantly increases processing speed. The speed of a local connection between workstations is great importance when working on a corporate network. This is taken into account if there is a need for quick transfer large quantity information.

With a Wi-Fi connection, the connection to the Internet is made using radio waves operating in a certain range. Therefore, Wi-Fi is more in demand at the household level. It is convenient because it allows you to immediately connect to the Internet from a smartphone, tablet or laptop anywhere there is an access point. However, signal reception is affected by neighboring devices operating in the Wi-Fi connection frequency band, and by objects in the path of radio waves.

A Wi-Fi connection does not require any cabling, but it is highly susceptible to radio interference, and the further you are from the access point, the more worse reception signal

Wired connection has a number of advantages over wireless:

• the speed of receiving and sending information with a wired connection is approximately 2 times higher than that of Wi-Fi;
• when exchanging files with the server, the delay is minimal, which is important in online games that require maximum speed actions from the user;
• a wired connection is more resistant to network interference; it is not affected by gadgets operating on the Wi-Fi frequency band or nearby sources of electromagnetic radiation;
• The signal strength during a wired connection does not depend on obstacles in the path and the influence of external factors.

Errors that occur when connecting a wired connection may be indicated by codes that indicate the cause of the problem.

Video: why a wired Internet connection is better than Wi-Fi

How to connect a cable to a computer or laptop

Even an untrained user can connect an Internet cable to the computer’s network adapter connector on his own. For connection, a standard cable (twisted pair) with crimped RJ-45 connectors is used on both ends of the cable.

You can connect the cable as follows:

1. Prepare a network cable of the required length.
2. Connect one connector to any LAN connector on the router.

   First, connect the cable connector to any LAN connector of the router

3. Connect the other connector of the cable to the connector of your laptop or computer.

   Now you need to connect the second connector of the cable to the LAN connector of the computer

4. When using an older type of modem, connect the incoming provider cable to the yellow Internet connector on the modem.

   In older type modems, the provider cable should be connected to the yellow connector of the modem

5. Connect the connecting LAN cable to any Ethernet connector of the modem and the network connector of the device.

   The connecting cable from the device must be connected to the Ethernet connector of the modem

6. After connecting the computer to the router, the indicator LED on the latter will light up, indicating that communication between the devices has been established.

   When connecting to a computer, the indicator LED on the router's display panel will light up

Connecting the cable is not very difficult, since all connectors have connectors that fit only into the corresponding sockets on the computer's connector panel. Making a mistake in this process is extremely difficult even for a novice user.

Dynamic and static Internet connection

After connecting the cable connectors and building a connection between the computer’s network adapter and the provider’s equipment, you can debug the Internet connection.

• First of all, you need to choose a method of connecting to the backbone network, based on specific goals. There are 2 connection methods:
• A dynamic connection is a method in which an individual IP address assigned to a computer is configured automatically and changes when the initial parameters are transformed. The provider company’s equipment independently assigns the network address and default gateway to the computer. When a computer is connected to the main line, the connection to the global network occurs immediately, without requiring additional identification data from the user. The only inconvenience with such a connection is the possible representation of a remote connection to your address. In this case, you must first connect to the trunk line directly, bypassing the router; A static connection is a connection method where the individual IP address provided to the computer remains constant and is designated when concluding an agreement with the provider company. During such a connection, the user sets the address manually, and also independently enters the values ​​of the default gateway and DNS servers. If such information is not in the contract, you can find it out in the department technical support

provider company. Some ISPs may require you to enter a username and password for online licensing. This information is usually indicated in contractual documents or determined by the subscriber independently.

How to create a dynamic connection

1. To correctly create a dynamic connection, you must perform a number of sequential actions:

2. From the Start key menu, go to Network Connections

   In the “Settings” section that opens, in the “Changing network settings” block, select “Configure adapter settings.”

3. In "Settings" go to the "Configure adapter settings" option
4. In the Network Connections console, right-click the Ethernet connection.

   In the menu that opens, select “Properties”.

5. From the Ethernet connection drop-down menu, select Properties

   In the Connectivity Console, highlight the IP version 4 (TCP/IPv4) component and click Properties.

6. In the TCP/IPv4 protocol attributes console, enable the “Obtain an IP address automatically” and “Obtain a DNS server address automatically” radio buttons.

   In the last step, activate the switches “Obtain an IP address automatically” and “Obtain a DNS server address automatically”

7. Click OK to complete.

The dynamic connection is now ready for use.

How to create a static connection

To create a static connection, you need to follow these steps:

That's it, the static connection is established.

Currently, most subscribers home internet A dynamic connection is used, since the main method is to connect through a router. A static connection is used for a modem connection or a direct connection.

When using an ADSL modem connection, only static addresses assigned by your ISP are used.

Video: Creating a Static and Dynamic Connection

How to set up an L2TP connection in Windows 10

The L2TP tunnel protocol, used to connect to the global network, is a symbiosis of the old PPTP protocols from Microsoft and L2F from Cisco. It is easily processed by network devices and has a high speed of information exchange due to reduced processor load. It has great connection stability and high security. Capable of creating tunnels to work in any network. The L2TP protocol is usually used in corporate networks because it allows you to create a network connection on top of an existing network. This ensures a stable connection between the organization's main office and regional offices.

To set up an L2TP connection, you need to perform a number of sequential steps:

1. Right-click on the Start icon.
2. In the menu that appears, click on the “Network connections” line.

   From the Start menu, select Network Connections

3. In the "Settings" section that opens, select "Network and Sharing Center" shared access».

   In Settings, open Network and Sharing Center

4. Here, select the “Create a new connection or network” option.

   In the menu of the “Network and Sharing Center” section, you must select the first item - “Create a new connection or network”

5. In the “Configure a connection or network” panel, highlight the line “Connect to a workstation” and click “Next”.

   Highlight the line “Connect to a workplace”, then click “Next”

6. In the Desktop Connection console, select the Use my Internet connection (VPN) tab.

   Click on the “Use my Internet connection (VPN)” tab to continue setting up

7. In the console that opens, enter the server address, check the box next to the option “Allow other users to use this connection” and click “Create”.

   Enter the server address and don't forget to check the last box to allow other users to use the connection

8. In the console that opens, enter your username and password, then connect to the backbone network.
9. Go to "Network Connections".
10. Right-click on the generated VPN connection.
11. Select "Properties" from the menu that opens.

    In the console, right-click on the generated VPN connection and go to “Properties”

12. In the “VPN connection: properties” console tabs, open the “Security” option.
13. In the "VPN Type" field, set the value to L2TP with IPsec (L2TP/IPsec), and in the "Data Encryption" field, select "optional." After that, open "Advanced options".
    

    The VPN type must be set to L2TP with IPsec (L2TP/IPsec), select “optional” for data encryption

14. Enter the key provided by your ISP for authentication.
    

    The authentication key must be provided to you by your ISP

15. Click OK to complete.

If you did everything correctly, then the L2TP connection is ready for use.

Video: how to set up an L2TP connection in Windows 10

The created L2TP connection increases the level of security for the subscriber and makes it easier to connect to the provider’s equipment.

How to set up a PPPoE connection in Windows 10

The PPPoE Internet protocol is used when connecting to a backbone network using Ethernet technology. This method has a number of advantages, for example, extended spectrum additional features

, compression of information during transmission, carrying out authentication and encryption operations with information packets. Connection requires authorization on the network (entering a username and password). Used for direct connection to the backbone network and provider equipment.

1. To connect to the Internet using the PPPoE protocol, you must perform a number of operations:
2. Open Network and Sharing Center.

   Here, select “Create and configure a new connection or network.”

3. In the “Network and Sharing Center” section, click on “Create and configure a new connection or network”

   Select the first item - “Connect to the Internet” and click “Next” to further settings

4. Select the "High Speed ​​(with PPPoE)" tab.

   In "Internet Connection" select the connection "High Speed ​​(with PPPoE)"

5. Next, enter the username and password received from the provider and click “Connect”.

   Enter the username and password received from the provider and click “Connect” to complete the setup

You now have a PPPoE connection established.

Video: how to connect and configure a PPPoE connection

Giving permission to other users to use the connection is only worth it when installing home Internet, since the number of users is limited.

Ways to troubleshoot wired Internet connection problems

When connected wired internet Errors occur periodically due to equipment malfunctions, a break in the backbone network, or incorrect user actions. In most cases, connection problems arise due to careless actions of the user himself.. To determine and eliminate the cause of the problem, you need to follow simple steps according to the following algorithm:

1. Launch Network and Sharing Center.
2. In the Network Connections tab, select Troubleshooting.

   Go to the “Network and Sharing Center” and open the “Troubleshooting” section

3. Select "Internet Connections".

   For further settings, select the "Internet Connections" option

4. Next, click on the line “Run the troubleshooter.”

   Wait for the problem detection process to complete

5. After the process is completed, in the window that appears, select the “Troubleshoot Internet Connection” tab.

   Select "Troubleshoot Internet Connection Problems" and wait for the diagnostic process to complete

6. At the end of the troubleshooting process, close the console if no problems are identified. If problems are found, follow the further instructions in the pop-up windows.

Run the troubleshooter by clicking on the appropriate line

7. Once the verification process is complete, in the Incoming Connections console, select Find this computer on the network and click Next.

   Check "Find this computer on the network" and continue troubleshooting using the "Next" button

8. The troubleshooter will check to see if a firewall is blocking this computer on the network.

   Wait for the network gateway configuration check to complete

9. During the troubleshooting process, follow the instructions that appear on the console.
10. If no problems are found, close the console.
11. If problems are found, follow the program instructions to resolve them.

This completes checking incoming connections.

The following instructions show how to detect one incoming connection problem. You can find out more about the problem by clicking on the “View additional information” line.

The above method of searching for connection errors is classic and developed by specialists Microsoft Corporation. In reality, everything can be much simpler, since a problem with the Internet connection can be caused by other reasons that can be eliminated mechanically.

This algorithm helps to resolve the problem of lack of Internet connection in most cases:

1. Restart your computer.
2. Unplug your router and wait 10-15 seconds.
3. Turn on your router.
4. If the connection is not restored, click on the Reset button to reboot the router.

To avoid problems with your Internet connection, it is recommended to periodically disconnect your router from the network and give it time to recover.

Video: troubleshooting errors when connecting to wired Internet

Currently, all Internet providers prefer to establish a dynamic connection to the backbone network. This is more convenient for the network subscriber and for the provider company, since it does not require reconfiguring parameters in case of any changes in the network equipment. If you plan to frequently use remote access to your computer, then it is certainly better to choose a direct connection, bypassing a router or modem. For home Internet, you can always change the router settings and connection type initially set by the provider’s specialists. In the future, when the system configuration is changed or a complete reinstallation, the network parameters are set automatically. When connecting directly, the settings will need to be set manually. All this must be taken into account by users when choosing the type of Internet connection.

Dial-up connection via modem. Today, the cheapest way to connect to the Internet remains access to the provider’s computer via analog and analog-digital lines of telephone networks via a modem. The oldest session-based (dial-up) method of connecting to the Internet has disadvantages: low speed and busy line. The upper speed limit is 56 Kbps.

A dial-up connection via ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) allows you to transfer data at speeds of up to 9 Mbps in the forward direction and 1 Mbps in the reverse direction over regular telephone lines.

A dial-up connection via ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) allows you to connect to the Internet over networks in which the access line to providers can be completely digital. This allows you to transfer a digital signal from one computer to another without conversion. Due to this, information is transmitted at speeds of up to 384 Kbps.

Connection via dedicated lines. You get the opportunity to use the Internet 24 hours a day without paying for the services of the telephone company at a temporary tariff. In this case, a fiber-optic cable is laid to the user's premises. The speed and quality of transmission over the channel in this case is guaranteed.

Connection via frame relay. When the information load on lines is uneven, it is often more profitable to use a connection via frame relay networks (“variable structure”). The principle of operation of such networks is simple: the minimum guaranteed channel capacity is determined, and if necessary, the bandwidth is expanded to possible limits. Such “forced” transmission of information is allowed if the line is not busy with other users. The expediency of using such networks in a small office, where the likelihood of simultaneous access to the network by several services is low, is obvious. From a financial point of view, a frame relay network is quite profitable.

Connection via cable television networks. If this technology is implemented, we immediately get a TV, telephone and Internet. Transmission speeds enable high-quality Internet telephony, real-time video conferencing, and broadcasting television programs on the World Wide Web. Data transmission is carried out through an HFC (Hybrid Fiber Coaxial) cable - a combined opto-coaxial cable. In this case, the data transmission protocol will remain IP (Internet Protocol) or newer protocols.

Connection via radio modem. This method will allow you to get rid of the telephone company.

Is becoming widespread Connectionvia devices mobile communications.

Internet services

Internet services usually refer to the types of services that are provided by servers on the network. The following are the oldest services available since the birth of the network:

1. Usenet (newsgroups, newsgroups) is an outdated service that allows you to organize network discussions on certain topics.

2. FTP - file transfer service) allows you to transfer and receive files from FTP file servers connected to the Internet.

3. Telnet - a service for remote access to computers.

4. Electronic mail (e-mail) - message transmission service.

5. World Wide Web (WWW, Web, “World Wide Web”) - a service for searching and viewing hypertext documents, including graphics, sound and video.

Of the above services, the last two remain popular to date. Other services have been added to them. Currently, the most popular services can be arranged in the following order: Email. WWW (search engines, news sites, forums, blogs, social networks), IRC messaging services (chat rooms), Internet shops, electronic payment systems, Internet telephony. In addition, popular modern services include instant messaging services (ICQ, GoogleTalk, Skype), wikis, bulletin boards, Internet television, social networking services, virtual dating service, accurate time service, distributed computing, cloud computing, YouTube, etc.

Currently the main information space, in which many events and operations take place, is

It is designed for searching information, communicating, working and spending free time.

Nowadays, almost anywhere on the planet there is Internet access. The World Wide Web allows you to keep abreast of all events and news.

Few people now use communication via a telephone connection if they have the Internet at hand. You can communicate using various messaging programs.

Methods for connecting to the Internet

Today, the main types of Internet connections are

• wired,
• wireless and
• Wi-Fi.

They all have their positive and negative sides. In each situation, it is considered most convenient certain type connections. The choice of connection may depend on the user's activity, his needs and the purpose of the Internet. The location of the user (at home, on a trip, abroad) also matters, which influences the choice of connecting to the Internet.

Access the Internet using a cable (wired connection)

This method of accessing the Internet is perfect for those who like to download files and play games online. A wired connection has a high data transfer speed. It is important that this speed is equally fast for both receiving and transmitting information, which is not possible with other types of Internet connections.

IN Lately Optical fiber cables began to be used. It allows you to achieve the maximum speed by improving the quality of signal transmission.

A cable connection is most often used for desktop computer users who do not require constant movement, but can also be used for users of portable devices, laptops, and netbooks that have appropriate cable connectors.

This type of connection not only has high speed, but also the possibility of using unlimited tariffs. With this tariff, there is no limit on downloaded traffic, so you can use the Internet without restrictions and at maximum speed.

This type of wired connection is called by the abbreviation LAN. This is also the name of the connector in a PC to which you can connect a wire and provide wired access to the Internet.

Mobile Internet access (wireless network connection)

This type of Internet is very convenient for people who are constantly on the move. Main positive quality is considered to be the absence of a wire that does not allow the user to move with his PC.

To access the Internet, you must have a special device inside your PC to work with a SIM card from mobile operators. And if you don’t have such a device, you need to have a special USB modem, which is produced by almost all mobile operators.

The connection to the Internet is carried out via mobile communications. To do this, you need to purchase an operator SIM card or the mentioned modem, and at the same time select the appropriate traffic size and tariff.

Tariffs can be either time-based (hourly, daily, monthly) or depending on the volume of information transmitted (for example, so many rubles for each megabyte of received or transmitted information). Time-based tariffs, as a rule, have a limit on the maximum amount of downloaded (transmitted) information. Once this limit is reached, the connection either stops altogether or continues at an extremely low speed.

It should be noted that recently operators have appeared that provide only Internet services, without telephony services. To communicate with such operators and to gain access to the Internet with their help, you also need data reception and transmission devices built into the PC or external USB modems, but SIM cards are no longer needed in this case.

Transfer speed in mobile networks depends on the capabilities of mobile operators. Today, standards such as 3G, 4G are used, and 5G standards are being developed. Each subsequent standard allows you to exchange data at ever-increasing speeds.

However, a mobile connection ensures that the speed of receiving data from the network to the PC is much higher than the speed of transferring data from the PC to the network, which is not very convenient, for example, when using Skype.

Internet access via Wi-Fi

Actually, this too wireless connection. But such a connection does not require devices in the form of modems or cables. You just need to purchase a router that is designed to propagate waves.

Now in many in public places installed Wi-Fi routers, which allow you to use the Internet at any time. This method network connection is very convenient for tablet users, mobile phones or laptops that have a built-in Wi-Fi connection.

This connection method is becoming increasingly popular. They are starting to use it both at home and in offices. The convenience is that you do not need to lay wires to computers.

It should be noted that Wi-Fi connection Internet access is especially common in developed countries. There, access to the Internet via Wi-Fi is available almost everywhere. Thus, users of mobile gadgets can stay connected all the time, without interruptions. Our country is also developing this method connections, however, given the scale of our country, mobile Internet access using a SIM card is still more reliable and more widespread in our country, including in rural areas.

All of the above methods of accessing the Internet have their own advantages, which allow you to choose the most suitable type of connection for PC users. Combinations of these methods are also allowed. For example, when using a laptop in a stationary setting (at work or at home), it is convenient to use a wired connection.

And when using the same laptop on a mobile basis, it’s good to have a USB modem to connect to mobile operators. When using the same laptop in a cafe, you can use a Wi-Fi Internet connection. So it all depends not only on the preferences of PC users, but also on the capabilities provided for connecting to the Internet.

Connecting to the Internet is a connection (yours) personal computer with the server of the Internet service provider (aka Internet service provider).

Dialogue with the provider

Regardless of the method of connecting to the network, the scheme of “cooperation” between the computer, the user and the server of the Internet service provider looks approximately the same. After establishing a stable connection between the Internet provider’s server and (your) computer, data exchange begins. I use a special software(most often a Web browser), you send requests for information from your computer to the server of your Internet service provider.

A request is an attempt to do something, such as open a Web page. The ISP server processes your request and transfers it to the appropriate Internet server, i.e. the one that contains the necessary information.

A server located on the Global Network receives a request from the server of your service provider on the Internet, and if it can provide the requested information, it transmits it to the server of your Internet provider. The ISP server, in turn, forwards the results to your computer. After completing this chain of actions, you either receive the Web page you need on your computer, or see a notification about the impossibility of finding the required Internet server or information about it - it all depends on whether your request can be satisfied at the moment.